It seems that work has already been started on Ludhiana-Delhi-Kolkata freight/industrial corridor. This thread shall be used to post all the relevant information regarding this corridor.


Map of Eastern Freight corridor

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Hindustan Times - Jan 04, 2010

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh today took up cabinet colleague Mamata Banerjee’s pet project — a Rs 22,000-crore freight corridor linking New Delhi with Dankuni — with visiting World Bank president Robert B. Zoellick.

The government wants the World Bank to bankroll the ambitious project, which will give Bengal’s factories and ports faster access to raw materials from the north.

To begin with, the World Bank will lend up to $1.8 billion for a section of the eastern freight corridor linking the busy Mughalsarai freight junction with Khurja. However, the funds would start flowing only after July 2010, by when bank experts would have completed feasibility studies for the whole project.

Soon after his meeting with Singh, Zoellick said, “We discussed a partnership with the Indian government for its eastern railroad freight corridor.”

World Bank officials said they were considering advancing substantial soft loans for the whole of the eastern dedicated freight corridor.

The Left parties are supporting the project but may find it difficult to accept the World Bank as the sponsor for the project. CPI leader D. Raja told The Telegraph, “These loans always come with conditions attached ... they are not good for the country.”

Railway ministry officials, however, say World Bank funding has fewer, if any, strings attached compared with Japanese support, which include clauses that force India to appoint Japanese prime contractors and buy at least 30 per cent of equipment from Japan.

The Japanese government is funding the Rs 26,000-crore western freight corridor linking Delhi with Mumbai , work on which has already started.

However, the eastern project still remains on the Rail Bhawan’s drawing boards. Which is possibly why Singh himself discussed the project with Zoellick, say officials.

The World Bank will also lend $400 million towards a rolling stock upgrade as part of plans to lend up to $7 billion this year to India for infrastructure projects.

The World Bank also wants the government to expand the country’s own capital base. “We all look at India now as a rising global economic power,” said Zoellick.

“The larger growth challenge for India is to look 15-20 years ahead ... the Indian government has been working with Japan on the western corridor, the eastern corridor will be another important future project,” Zoellick said.

The two freight corridors together will be one of the most ambitious projects the railways has ever taken up. Once completed, they will meet the transport requirements of two busy trunk routes for the next 15 to 20 years.

The eastern corridor, the modalities for which are still being worked out, will stretch 1,806km from Ludhiana in Punjab to Dankuni near Calcutta. It will be extended in future to serve a new deep sea port near Calcutta and will largely serve metal and mineral-based industries.

The Telegraph - Dec 5, 2009

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Source (http://dfcc.in/DFCCTENDERS/DfccTenNotices.jsp)

Tenders no. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 11, 13, 14, 17 and 18 pertain to Eastern freight corridor (Ludhiana-Kolkata)

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The railway minister may have announced new dedicated freight corridors but the perception is that the two corridors already approved -- the Rs 40,000 crore (Rs 400 billion) eastern and western freight corridors -- seem to be on the slow track.

"That is not our perception," said a senior railway ministry official, adding that land acquisition for the project and funding was likely to be completed within a year.

The government has already approved development of the 1,804-km eastern dedicated freight corridor (from Ludhiana to Kolkata via Dankuni) and the 1,483-km western dedicated freight corridor from Mumbai to New Delhi running through Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan and Haryana. The two will interlink at Khurja in Uttar Pradesh.

Land acquisition for the two, totalling about 3,300 km in length, is one of the key challenges. "Land acquisition is progressing well. The first round of issuing notices for 80 per cent of the land has been completed," said the official.

Land acquisition is being aided by the Railway Amendment Act, passed in 2008. This Act incidentally incorporates the provisions of the 2007 national rehabilitation and resettlement policy for project-affected families. "Most of the land procurement will be complete by 2010," said the official.

As for the funding, a soft loan of Rs 20,000 crore (Rs 200 billion) from the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) for the western freight corridor has already got an in-principle approval. A part of this loan (Rs 13,700 crore or Rs 137 billion) for the Rewari-Vadodra stretch on the western corridor is in the final stages of approval. "The loan agreement for this stretch will be signed by December," said the official.

For the eastern corridor, a loan of Rs 10,000 crore (Rs 100 billion) is being sought from the World Bank, besides a Rs 2,500 crore (Rs 25 billion) loan from the Asian Development Bank.

"We have an in-principle approval for Rs 20,000 crore from JICA for the western corridor and are negotiating another Rs 12,500 crore (Rs 125 billion) for the eastern corridor. The rest will be managed by us," said the official.

Meanwhile, construction has begun on these corridors, which are being developed by Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation Ltd (DFCCL), set up about three years ago as a special purpose vehicle.

One contract for each corridor has been signed for construction of bridges on land that is already available with the government. "The contract is worth Rs 781 crore (Rs 7.81 billion) on the eastern corridor and Rs 605 crore (Rs 6.05 billion) on the western corridor," said a senior official of DFCCL.

On the western corridor, the contract is for construction of 54 bridges on one stretch and was awarded to Hyderabad-based Soma Enterprises in December last year. The contract for construction of bridges on a stretch of the eastern corridor was also awarded in December.

Once all the land is in the government kitty and funding is tied up, the work is likely to be accelerated. The first dedicated freight train is, however, unlikely to run before 2017.

DFCCL would also develop the corridors that the railway minister talked about when presenting the rail budget, added the official.

The budget has earmarked Rs 1,880 crore (Rs 18.80 billion) for the freight corridor project this year.

The freight corridors are to be flanked by industrial corridors -- the Delhi-Mumbai industrial corridor and the eastern industrial corridor -- and logistics parks to be developed on a public-private-partnership basis.


Source (http://business.rediff.com/report/2009/jul/05/budget09-freight-corridors-not-on-slow-track.htm). Dated: July 5, 2009.

^^

Good updates with more information. :cheers:

Eager to see western freight corridor and approval of southern freight corridor from the capital.

^^

Good updates with more information. :cheers:

Eager to see western freight corridor and approval of southern freight corridor from the capital.

Thanks :). Now I know that there are some people who are aware of this thread :lol:.

I have read that govt is planning 4 more freight corridors like these 2. These were Delhi-Chennai, Ahmedabad (or maybe Mumbai)-Kolkata, Mumbai-Chennai and Chennai-Kolkata. If the work on the first 2 corridors goes on smoothly, then it will give a boost to other 4 corridors :cheers:.

Good start. Hope the work will begin soon.. :cheers:

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India’s ambitious effort to connect its busiest commercial centres with a dedicated rail network remains on paper five years after the project was announced, but its cost has more than doubled to Rs57,667 crore.

In the pipeline: Freight trains at the Tughlakabad railway station in New Delhi. The project is expected to decongest existing railway lines, catalyse industrial investments of around Rs2.3 trillion and create new jobs. Rajkumar/Mint
This detail is part of a draft business plan for the project submitted in a December board meeting of the Dedicated Freight Corridor Corp. of India Ltd (DFCCIL), and which has been reviewed by Mint.

DFCCIL is a government-owned company set up to build the network. The new figure of Rs57,667 crore is around Rs30,000 crore more than the earlier estimate.

A DFCCIL executive who did not want to be identified said the business plan with the new numbers has been forwarded to the Railway Board, the apex decision-making body of the Indian Railways.

The proposed freight corridor has two lines being constructed by Indian Railways to transport goods and will connect India’s largest port in Mumbai to Delhi through the western corridor (1,483km) and also link Dankuni in West Bengal with Ludhiana in Punjab through the eastern freight corridor (1,806km).

The project is expected to decongest existing railway lines, catalyse industrial investments of around Rs2.3 trillion and create new jobs along the rail route.

The government’s plan is to build industrial corridors along the freight lines.

The government has so far accepted an offer from Japan—of Rs17,700 crore in soft loans through the Japan International Cooperation Agency—for the western corridor. The two countries have already signed an agreement for a small component of this, while the main loan agreement is expected to be inked sometime in March. Indian Railways is negotiating with the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank for funding the eastern corridor.

The DFCCIL executive said the cost of the project had increased because of several factors, including the fact that the scope of the network had not been finalized when the earlier estimate was announced.

A government official familiar with how Indian Railways operates said that the increase in cost reflects how this organization works. In the case of two small construction tenders—the only ones that have been floated by DFC so far—the costs involved were as much as 40% higher than the estimates mentioned in tender documents, the official added. Mint couldn’t independently verify this claim.

This person added, asking that he not be identified, that the cost of the freight network could be even higher, at least Rs65,000 crore. “What happens by the time the project is finally completed?” he asked.

The DFCCIL executive cited said the cost of the project was not expected to rise further. “It doesn’t look like that. When we were making final estimates, lot of corrections were made.”

The business plan further estimates that the company’s rate of return on investment—from incremental traffic alone—could range from 8.97% to 13.97% based on varying projections of traffic.

The government official said the business plan was incomplete without details of the number of trains DFCCIL would be allowed to run on its tracks. The report doesn’t address the terms of the agreement between Indian Railways and DFCCIL, he added.

The Rs57,667 crore estimate includes interest costs, insurance and taxes.

The construction cost for the first version of the proposed project, where the eastern line terminated at Sonnagar in Bihar works out to Rs42,231 crore. The project has since been extended to Dankuni in West Bengal, current railway minister Mamata Banerjee’s home state. Lalu Prasad, her predecessor in the ministry is from Bihar.

According to Indian Railways, the project could cost around Rs49,624 crore in its current configuration. This estimate, however, excludes interest costs.

“If today they are saying Rs57,000 crore, I would say it would cost at least Rs75,000 crore by the time they are finished,” said Amrit Pandurangi, who heads the transport and infrastructure practice for consulting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers. “I’m sure if you conduct an analysis, you’ll find a variation of at least 30%, if not more, for publicly funded projects.”

Source (http://www.livemint.com/2010/01/25214345/Proposed-freight-corridor-cost.html)

Source (http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2010/02/08/stories/2010020850570500.htm)
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The Railway Minister, Ms Mamata Banerjee, has sought suggestions for the funding of the Eastern dedicated freight corridor (DFC) before the Railway Budget. The Railway Budget is slotted for February 24.

The Eastern DFC will be from Ludhiana in Punjab to Dankuni (1,806 km) near Kolkata, with a provision for extension to serve the new deep sea port proposed in Kolkata area. This rail corridor will largely serve coal and steel traffic.

“If there are any proposals for funding of Eastern corridor, please give them to us before the budget,” the Minister said, in response to a suggestion for allowing private sector funding for construction of rail tracks and industrial hub of the dedicated rail freight corridor, provided land is available. Ms Banerjee was speaking at the pre-rail-budget industry interaction.

The funding for the Eastern freight corridor is not yet finalised. Railways have sought funding from the World Bank and ADB for constructing about 70 per cent stretch of the corridor.

World Bank

The Indian Railways has approached World Bank for financing the 725 km of Mughalsarai-Khurja portion of the Eastern corridor, and ADB for the 426 km Khurja-Ludhiana portion.

The Railways maintain that both World Bank and ADB are expected to fund about 70 per cent of the cost of the project sections and that the loan negotiations are in advanced stage.

The Eastern corridor from Dankuni to Ludhiana (1,806 km) will touch Asansol, Gomoh, Sonnagar, Mughalsarai, Kanpur, Khurja and Saharanpur. It will be electrified single line on the Ludhiana-Khurja portion (426 km) and electrified automatic double line on the remaining portion.

Work on dedicated freight corridor (DFC) on both eastern and western regions has been going on in full swing. The railways intends to complete this project at an estimated cost of about Rs 50,000 crore latest by 2016-2017 to give an impetus to freight and goods loading.

The corridor of the eastern region linking Dankuni in West Bengal to Ludhiana in Punjab is likely to prove a boon for the railways and business community. It will pass through Asansol, Gomoh, Sonnagar, Mughalsarai, Kanpur, Khurja and Saharanpur.

The civil work of the eastern corridor, which was inaugurated by Congress president and UPA chairperson Sonia Gandhi at Dehri-on-Sone on February 10, 2009, will give a boost to railway economy. This ambitious project covering a stretch of about 1,806 km will be completed in a record time at an estimated cost of Rs 23,500 crore while the western corridor is likely to cost about Rs 26,124 crore.

According to a Railway Board official, goods traffic has been the mainstay of the Indian Railways yielding about 80 per cent revenue from freight traffic only. The railways has registered a substantial increase in the goods loading segment, he said, adding the construction of the DFC would attract more market for the railways to carry goods from one place to another across the country.

The proposed eastern corridor will be a rare gift to the business community belonging to West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar and Punjab as their goods would be carried to their destination on priority basis. Moreover, the goods trains will run at 100 kmph on this corridor, a Board official said.

According to the official, iron, coal, cement and other minerals are being sent from Jharkhand, Bihar and West Bengal to other parts of the country. Similarly, these states are the major recipients of other products from Punjab and Haryana to cater to the needs of business community.

According to sources, the railways has already suffered a huge loss due to sudden freight rate discount on various items meant for export. The container traffic has registered about 40 per cent decline during the past few months.

According to a Board official, the railways has set up a Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Ltd (DFCCIL) to expedite early completion of the project for which international agencies, including Japan Bank, World Bank and Asian Development Bank, have been providing funds.

Times of India

No hike in freight rates, corridor project to be put on fast track (http://www.financialexpress.com/news/no-hike-in-freight-rates-corridor-project-to-be-put-on-fast-track/584056/0)

Despite delays in land acquisition, railway minister Mamata Banerjee assured on Wednesday that the government is determined to fast-track the dedicated freight corridor project (DFC) on the eastern and western seaboard and promised to start groundwork on four more freight corridor projects crisscrossing the country.

Preliminary work would start in the 2010-11 fiscal for freight routes between North-South, East-West, East-South and South-South, Banerjee said. The minister also unveiled a strategy to expedite the implementation of the West and East corridor projects where slow progress has been reported. She made it clear that land for these projects will be acquired through negotiations.

The minister said in the present economic situation, when the country is about to return on a high growth path, she did not wish to “impose any burden on the citizens” by raising freight rates.

Banerjee also promised to introduce a premium tatkal service for parcel and freight movement to facilitate transportation of goods on short notice. This is likely to give flexibility to the industry, while helping the railways to generate some extra revenue. The railways will also examine the need for special wagons for iron ore, fly ash and automobiles.

“DFC is our prime minister’s dream project. I am concerned about the pace of progress and Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Ltd will be revamped within a short span of time to ensure timely implementation of the project. We will implement it in time,” Banerjee said.

For the western corridor of the DFC, agreement for main loan for phase I would be signed with Japan International Cooperation Agency next month. For the eastern corridor, negotiations for funding up to Sonnagar are on. The ministry will start execution of Sonnagar-Dankuni section during the year. Funding for this section will be arranged through domestic investment on PPP mode.

For the remaining four corridors— North-South (Delhi, Haryana, UP, MP, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu), East-West (West Bengal, Jharkahnd, Orissa, Chhtisgarh, Maharashtra), East-South (West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh) and South-South (Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Goa)—preliminary engineering-cum-traffic survey will be taken up this year.

New Delhi: Even as the Indian Railways’ ratio of expenses to revenue has risen to its highest in recent years, the operating unit set up to build its marquee dedicated freight corridor has this month written to the national transporter, asking it to pump in around Rs1,600 crore in equity so that it can start work on two stretches of track on the eastern corridor.

This request comes at a time when the railways is already working on razor-thin margins. It has forecast an investible surplus of about Rs951 crore next year after meeting operational expenses.

An official with the Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Ltd (DFCCIL) said the organization had written to the railways asking it to choose between two stretches—Mughalsarai-Kanpur and Ludhiana-Khurja. He spoke on condition of anonymity.

The operating ratio, or the amount the transporter spends to earn every Rs100, deteriorated to 94.7% in 2009-10 from 90.5% in the previous year. This would have been worse if the railways had allocated money to the various funds as provisioned initially in this year’s Railway Budget.

The eastern corridor is one arm of an infrastructure project first conceived in 2005 by the United Progressive Alliance government during its first term.

It comprises two railway lines to transport goods and will connect India’s largest port in Mumbai to New Delhi through the western corridor (1,483km) and link Dankuni in West Bengal with Ludhiana in Punjab through the eastern freight corridor (1,806km). Other freight corridors connecting cities in the south are also being planned.

The railways has already tied up funding for the western corridor, with the government approving a soft loan of Rs17,700 crore from Japan.

The agreement for the first tranche of about Rs4,422 crore was signed in Japan on Wednesday.

“It is a ticklish decision for them. They have to decide which to take up,” said the official, adding that the company already had enough land for the section between Mughalsarai and Kanpur, both in Uttar Pradesh. It already has enough land to build a single line of track between Ludhiana and Khurja in Uttar Pradesh, he added.

A senior railway official, who also did not want to be named, said that while the request had not yet come to him, any finance requirements for the freight corridor project would be met on a priority basis.

He said that money that had been earmarked for some other project or purpose could be routed for this if required. “That sort of prioritization happens all the time,” he said.

The DFCCIL executive said the railways would have to decide whether the project was a priority. The agency will acquire as much as 80% of the land needed for the project within the next six months, he said.

Source (http://www.livemint.com/2010/04/01231507/Railways-asked-to-put-Rs1600.html)

http://epaper.telegraphindia.com/TT/TT/2010/11/16/article/002/16_11_2010_002_002.jpg

so the ugly lady trying to score brownie points.
Anyways whatever be her intentions its good for our economy..hopefully

good for delhi.. they can eat fresh fishes from kolkata :lol:

we want one such line from mumbai port too, poor freight trains wait for passenger crossings. jnpt ahmedabad waste which runs along coast :bash:

good for delhi.. they can eat fresh fishes from kolkata :lol:

Don't talk like a kid it will transform India's future and will be the biggest boost to India's economy in last many decades. We will move to double digit sustainable growth rate as we within 5-7 years we will have 24X7 power supply, good ports, good roads but railways are the biggest let down.

We will move to become major manufacturing destination in the world and millions will come out of poverty.

we want one such line from mumbai port too, poor freight trains wait for passenger crossings. jnpt ahmedabad waste which runs along coast :bash:

it is already in implementation like above above project.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_Freight_Corridor_Corporation_of_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Mumbai_Industrial_Corridor_Project

Railways will bring industrial boom in the country: Mamata
2010-11-16 21:41:00

Kolkata, Nov 16 (IANS) Railway Minister Mamata Banerjee Tuesday said the railways will usher in an industrial boom in the country as her ministry is to set up 20 new industries in the next one year.

'We will set up 20 more heavy industries like wagon factories in underdeveloped areas of the country like Kalahandi in Orrisa, in Telangana (in Andhra Pradesh) and in Junglemahal (Maoists affected area),' said Banerjee, while addressing a function to commence the work for the Dedicated Eastern freight Corridor at Dankuni.

She also urged the industrialists to come and join hands with the railways and make new initiatives in private-public-partnership mode.

'Railways have land and we want investment. If you come, it will not be a problem. We have business and package ready in our hands,' said Banerjee.

'Recently, we have changed our policy and made IT industrialist friendly. So if any person is interested, he will not have to invest a single paisa on survey or for preparing project reports. We have railway engineers and the investor will have his share on his investment,' said Banerjee.

She said the Eastern Corridor will connect Ludhiana to Sonnagar via Ambala, Saharanpur, Khurja, Shahjahanpur, Lucknow, Allahabad, Mughalsarai and Dankuni near Kolkata where there will be a new freight terminal.

'Eastern Freight Corridor will usher in a new era in industrialisation and Dankuni will be turned into an industrial town in future as two industries and a professional training institute will come up in the area,' said the railway minister.

http://sify.com/finance/railways-will-bring-industrial-boom-in-the-country-mamata-news-default-klqvFahfjfh.html

Substantial progress has been made in the implementation of Eastern and Western Dedicated Freight Corridors (DFC). In the current 11th Plan period, funding for Phase-I (Rewari-Vadodara) has been tied up with Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and for Phase-II (JNPT-Vadodara and Rewari-Dadri), Engineering Services loan agreement has been signed with JICA.

Works has been taken up for 54 major and important bridges. On Eastern DFC, appraisal for Khurja–Bhaupur section has been targeted in March 2011, as a part of the proposed World Bank funding of Ludhiana-Khurja_Bhauopur-Mughalsarai section. Work has been taken up in Mughalsarai-Sonnagar section and Dankuni to Chandanpur. Eastern and Western DFCs are targeted for commissioning in 2016-17 and project implementation is being closely monitored.

This information was given by the Minister of State for Railways Shri K.H.Muniyappa in written reply to a question in Lok Sabha today.

Source: Railway Ministry Website (http://pib.nic.in/newsite/pmreleases.aspx?mincode=23) (need to scroll down - 03 Mar 2011)

Dedicated Freight Corridor bids coming, Rs 10,000 cr business on offer (http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/transportation/railways/dedicated-freight-corridor-bids-coming-rs-10000-cr-business-on-offer/articleshow/8062676.cms)



NEW DELHI: The Railways will award contracts worth Rs 10,000 crore by the end of this year to kick start one of India's most ambitious infrastructure projects to build dedicated freight corridors to connect north India with Mumbai and West Bengal.

The freight corridor is the backbone of a $90 billion project to build an industrial corridor between Delhi and Mumbai with a series of industrial parks, airports, power plants and new townships. The Eastern freight corridor would ease movement of coal and other commodities to the north, the Delhi-Mumbai route would facilitate container movement. Busy ports such as Kandla, Pipavav and Mundra would benefit from the western corridor.

Currently, it takes a freight train about 50 hours to cover the 1400 km Delhi to Mumbai stretch. Once the freight corridor is commissioned, it would take 17 hours to travel the same distance.

The railways have tied up Japanese funding of Rs 30,000 crore for the 1,490-km western corridor, while the World Bank is expected to lend about $2.4 billion for the 1,800-km eastern corridor that would connect Ludhiana in Punjab to Dankuni in West Bengal.

Contracts would be awarded for the first phase of the Rs 77,000 crore freight corridor project, that will build new tracks to transport containers and commodities at maximum speeds of 100 km an hour, reducing travel time by a third. The initial contracts involve engineering works for 1,000 km of the new lines, including 650 km in the Mumbai-Delhi leg of the project, called the Western Corridor, and the balance would be for the eastern line, officials said.

Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India (DFCCIL), a special purpose vehicle under the railway ministry, would be inviting initial, or pre-qualification, bids for the western corridor in the coming month. Pre-qualification bids for the eastern phase are being evaluated.

"We would be inviting financial bids over the next few months for the phase 1 of both corridors," A.K Dutta, Managing Director, DFCCIL told the ET.

The Rs 77,000 crore dedicated freight corridor project, scheduled to be built by 2016/17, is expected to ease infrastructure bottlenecks and boost industrial development and international trade as existing railway lines in these regions are running up to 50% more than the designed capacity. The choked railway lines have encouraged a rapid shift to road transport from railways. The National Highway Authority of India's plan to expand the Delhi-Mumbai highway to six lanes would accelerate the shift of cargo from goods trains to trucks, but the new freight corridors are expected to reverse the trend as the railways would be able to offer faster and cheaper transportation.

Besides civil engineering contracts, DFCCIL also plans to award contracts of about Rs 1,500 crore by mid 2012 for electrification and signalling works for the 1st phase of Eastern Corridor. For the Western Corridor, it may award contract worth Rs 4500 crore by the end of the next fiscal, officials said.

For the first phase, the company has completed land acquisition for 90% (600 kms) of the western corridor and about 50% of the land acquisition has been completed for the Eastern Corridor, Dutta said.


finally!!! :cheers:

great news :)

:cheers:

9ixpMtzAWVQ

http://img192.imageshack.us/img192/5766/79319032.jpg (http://img192.imageshack.us/i/79319032.jpg/)

that map is one hell!

jaipur is shown where wagah border is

delhi-mumbai corridor s shown passing thru kutch!

btw pakistan-india connection would be thru munabao-khokrapar link (barmer-jodhpur- jaipur- delhi- onwards) and not amritsar-attari-wagah link. this is as per trans-asia rail network.

watch this http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrYV1zH3ziU

^^ now that is one long ass train!!!! I counted 115 cars!!!

oHIbGL_3HUM