Everyone think always the tallest and the highest. But I curios about what the deepest thing? Like the deepest mine, the deepest basement, the deepest bunker, the deepest building that the human have created. How about those? If you know can you tell it?

Good question. Here's some info on the deepest mine, Western Deep Levels Mine in South Africa. It goes 3.5 km under the surface. By comparison, the Taipei 101 skyscraper is the first to reach the half-kilometer point, so imagine 7 Taipei 101's underground.

i have no clue if its true at all, and i wouldnt be suprised if it wasnt...
but there is some government facility in aus which is claimed ot have an underground antenna that goes 8km's down.

i read it in a thread in Ozscrapers --> for everything else in your world

Ask Avatar.. he posted it

What's the point of an underground antenna?

Oh, I found the article. It says that the antenna is used to recharge the batteries of American submarines using some sort of secret energy device. The whole article, however, is all conspiracy theories and speculation, so I wouldn't trust it at all. There's also stuff about keeping information on every person in the western world in an underground vault in Antarctica. It goes on to mention the secret war between the aliens and the United States. All standard conspiracy theory stuff. All BS.

I think it'd be too hot to buld an antenna so far undergroound. Metal would melt.

i didnt really get how an antenna can recharge a submarine anyway. If antennas could supply power, what is the point of having power cables?

Oh, I found the article. It says that the antenna is used to recharge the batteries of American submarines using some sort of secret energy device.

Given that American submarines use nuclear reactors and have no need to recharge batteries externally..... I think it's safe to say there isn't a coherent fact in any of it....

Conspiracy Theorists also say that the Pine Gap US/Australian Intelligence facility near Alice Springs goes as far as 1Km underground.

And then there could be bunkers all through the Rockys. Under Area 51? Cheyenne Mountain?

Human Structure:

The deepest research borehole ever drilled was in Russia, on the Kola peninsula. Over a period of more than a decade a huge purpose-built rig drilled to over 12 kilometres to investigate the structure of the Continental Crust.

The deepest oil wells that which is known are drilled to about 6km, say 20,000ft. Most normal oil wells are drilled to about 3000 to 5000 metres -10,000 to 16,000 ft.

-----
Nature Structure:

In South Africa we have the Vredefort Cratre which was probably created by a huge meteorite and hit the plannet for 2,000 million years ago, and is today the largest cratre on earth which we know of. The meteorite created a cratre which was about 300km wide and 25km deep, which is about twise as deep as the deepest ocean depth in the world which is 11 025m deep.

damn, that's deep (meteorite thingy)...

and whats the deepest place where human have been before?

Conspiracy Theorists also say that the Pine Gap US/Australian Intelligence facility near Alice Springs goes as far as 1Km underground.

I'd say it goes 35,000km up more likely :) ... Not sure of the point of a listening post going underground.

Kansas is the home of the world's largest hand dug well.

http://www.ourks.com/bw.html

I think the mine in South Africa is the deepest place humans have been. Its 3.5 km from the surface.

Another deep research borehole is in Windischeschenbach / Germany, near the german-czech border. It´s purpose was also to research the continental crust and is 9101 m (9,1km) deep. The drilltower is 83m high. I think it was the deepest borehole of the worls until it was overtaken by the russian one.

Nature Structure:

In South Africa we have the Vredefort Cratre which was probably created by a huge meteorite and hit the plannet for 2,000 million years ago, and is today the largest cratre on earth which we know of. The meteorite created a cratre which was about 300km wide and 25km deep, which is about twise as deep as the deepest ocean depth in the world which is 11 025m deep.

Wow! Presumably it's full of water by now...?

This is all kids' stuff. In 1960, men went to the deepest place on Earth - the bottom of the Marianas Trench 35,813 ft down!

http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN_PLANET/HTML/oceanography_how_deep.html

The deepest structure now is now in the Philippines. It is the Malampaya natural gas pipeline located at Palawan, About 500 miles southwest of Manila.

This is all kids' stuff. In 1960, men went to the deepest place on Earth - the bottom of the Marianas Trench 35,813 ft down!



pff... i once digged a hole to china

Given that American submarines use nuclear reactors and have no need to recharge batteries externally..... I think it's safe to say there isn't a coherent fact in any of it....

Actually you are wrong and it is a proven fact that the Exmouth antennae array was used to recharge submarine batteries. They were part of the harold hold naval base built in the 50s or 60s to aid submarines using the pacific. Pine Gap was built more recently with vastly superior equipment and is located in a strategic central position within Australia.

BTW that 1km down refers to the actual facility not the radar station. The radar station is expected to go much deeper. Meaning that the Pine Gap facility houses offices and related habitable space deep under the surface to help prevent crippling the facility in a nuclear or teslar strike.

The conspiracy theories do exist and who says what is real but it is expected that the pine gap installation, the exmouth deep sea relay station and the jindalee OTH radar facility all contain deep ultra-low frequency emission antennaes.

Believe what you want with respect to Teslar weapons and vaults of data stored at Antarctica but Pine Gap is real and it contains deep dug out aerial installations - how deep we dont know. I don't doubt they are in fact 8km down what they are used for is anyone's guess. All I can say though is the US and Australia have poured alot of time and energy into a facility that very little is known about - it can't only be used for satelitte control, intelligence and communications gathering, it simply must have a higher purpose too.

i didnt really get how an antenna can recharge a submarine anyway. If antennas could supply power, what is the point of having power cables?

Ultra low frequency pulses can produce extreme radiation - radiation is energy. Simple example mobile phone radio waves or microwaves. Not all energy is easily visible and much of the non-visible stuff can be quite intense and extremely dangerous to organic matter.

Cancer might be a problem with supplying power like that to the general populous or kentucky fried human.

^Umm, I don't have a degree in physics, but...

Ulta low frequencies cannot create radiation. Alpha radiation is caused by 2 protons and two neutrons splitting form the rest of the nucleus. Beta radiation is caused by a proton turning into a nuetron, causing the atom to expell an electron, in order to remain electomagnetically stable. Gamma radiation is made of high velocity photons, basically extremely high frequency light. None are created from radio waves, and radio, and microwave radio, waves do not contain enough energy to power a Los Angeles Class SSN in a practical manner.

Pine gap is one of the most pollutant places in Australia, when my dad was an air traffic controller up in Alice springs, the US army would bring in their huge globe master planes, carrieing around 12 semi trailer loads of stuff (mainly food/equipment) and they did this one a month, everything was from america, they didn't buy any local foodstuffs.

i dug a deep hole in the back yard once

Ultra low frequency pulses can produce extreme radiation - radiation is energy. Simple example mobile phone radio waves or microwaves. Not all energy is easily visible and much of the non-visible stuff can be quite intense and extremely dangerous to organic matter.

Cancer might be a problem with supplying power like that to the general populous or kentucky fried human.

Why would they go to such great lengths when they can use atomic reactors which will power the sub for years? The low frequency radio waves, however, are able to penetrate through water so can be used to make one way communications to submerged submarines.

The meteorite created a cratre which was about 300km wide and 25km deep, which is about twise as deep as the deepest ocean depth in the world which is 11 025m deep.
This also makes little sense - if it was 25km deep, you either have a depression in the ground 25km deep, which would make it by far the lowest point on Earth below sea level - if it filled with water then the Marianas Trench would not be the deepest point - if this meteorite impacted on Mt Everest, it would flatten a section of the Himalayas and the lowest point would still be 17km below sea level.

The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory in canada is more than 2km underground. Its not the deepest structure mentioned here but the website http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/public/sno2.html has some good stuff on how it was constructed and how to build deep underground etc. The laboratory is used to search for dark matter.


i dug a deep hole in the back yard once

I once dug a hole so deep - the sand was yellow. YELLOW! We used the hole to bury a tree.

Why would they go to such great lengths when they can use atomic reactors which will power the sub for years?

LOL yes consipracy theories!

I'm not in the navy so dont ask me. All I know is the original base was built to assist with recharging of sub batteries, the Exmouth base was built a long while ago when nuclear subs were not prevalent and diesel electric were still in use. Obviously DE subs need to surface and cannot remain on battery power indefinately - if they did surface their position would likely be compromised. The base was also used for deep water communications between relay stations and submarines.

There has been suggestion that the submarine idea was just a smokescreen for the antennae array's true purpose - powered by a gas power station it was rumoured exmouth was an early example of a teslar weapons array.

Anyway this conversation was about Pine Gap and Pine gap was not built for submarines. Its location in central Australia does not lend itself to this purpose. Noone really knows what goes on at Pine Gap but it is known it has some large subterranean facilities and large antenae arrays deep within the ground. It might not be the deepest of man-made facilities but it is rumoured to be very deep and very powerful.

A Teslar... Who knows?

Actually, the topic about construction sites / houses beneath soil surfaces, or with most of it below the soil, is a very tempting, interesting and for Emirates it might become even a crucial one. It carries vantages like no or less air condition would be needed for summertime nor would much heating be needed in wintertime. If constructed as our University Library at the Dresden University of Technology (cp. images) it offers you a enjoyable, great sustainable and nice quiet atmosphere.
http://www.tycofis.de/totalwalther/tw_infonet_cms.nsf/index/CMSA512CB3684FC0993C1256CF40041C198/$file/SLUB.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Slub-dresden-reading-room-2.JPG/300px-Slub-dresden-reading-room-2.JPG
http://vifaart.slub-dresden.de/spuren/vorspann/images/luft2.jpg
http://www.gmeiner-haferl.com/data/media/abau_media/big/175_ne1164378343_slub%20dresden_1_big.jpg
Bravo ... looks nice - right? Well it is!!! At some locations, like in Norway, Sweden and Russia, malls and shopping areas, even small cities sites are constructed below the surface. No doubt, this has good side effects. :uh:
Maybe one day all the Emirates (possibly Sharjah first) tend to grow up and thing not just big in size, but big in sustainability and technological improvement. But this took time in Europe, this still takes time in US and it will take some in UAE alike. The motto could then be “not merely we got the largest building on earth, we plan to make the smartest one too” … lets see
I am curious and content, that it will happen :nocrook:
Regards
Jens Rahnfeld (http://www.rahnfeld.com)

The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is located 2km below ground in an abandoned mine. 1000 tons of heavy water is contained in an acrylic sphere 6 metres in diameter and surrounded by 9600 photomultiplier units. This apparatus is suspended in an immense hollowed-out chamber and monitored remotely by staff from laboratories on the surface. The purpose of the Neutrino Observatory is to measure tau and muon neutrinos, something previous neutrino observatories were unable to accomplish. More here (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/). This project was funded by the Government of Canada in association with additional funding partners in academia and international scientific actors (Los Alamos Nat'l Laboratories, MIT, etc.)

http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/sno/images/medium/publicity_photos/sno1.jpg
Photo courtesy of: Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/sno/images/medium/publicity_photos/sno1.jpg)

http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/sno/images/medium/publicity_photos/sno6.jpg
Photo courtesy of: Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/sno/images/medium/publicity_photos/sno6.jpg)

Nature Structure:

In South Africa we have the Vredefort Cratre which was probably created by a huge meteorite and hit the plannet for 2,000 million years ago, and is today the largest cratre on earth which we know of. The meteorite created a cratre which was about 300km wide and 25km deep, which is about twise as deep as the deepest ocean depth in the world which is 11 025m deep.

Unless this once was true but is no longer, this cannot be true. According to Google Maps, it is not filled with water. The lowest place is only 400 metres below sea level, and it is the Dead Sea.

Unless this once was true but is no longer, this cannot be true. According to Google Maps, it is not filled with water. The lowest place is only 400 metres below sea level, and it is the Dead Sea.

Fortunately I have studied Geography for 8 years, so I am glad to hold a petite seminar for you. :okay: :gossip: First do not trust any insignificant source, without proofing it with your logical instinct (that you should have learned at University). I would rather not trust in Google earth as a empirical reliable and valid resource regarding to scientific questions - yet. What one curious individual could do for confirming its idea, is first to research the web entirely before writing any post. Above that I recommend to leaf through an good old atlas in addition to a tectonic related book about the region. :poke: As a result you would have seen, that hereby we talk about a World Heritage Site, so there should be lots of information available. Secondly, all measurements about diameters for the Vredefort Dome are extremely varying. They reach from 700km to 70km. The mentioned depth of the impact with 25km may have been at the time of impact, what would mean that it went through the Crust layer (6-70km) and ¼ into the Lithosphere (0-100km). The depth of the collision is plausible, since you know about the deepness due to the collide e.g. of a meteor at the Gulf of Mexico – which was significantly bigger and thou more intensive (what we do not start to discuss about here). We can discuss about the greenness of one trying to tell us, there would be an 25km deep hole in South Africa – but we don’t state this, cause each of us can mere learn from making a mistake (cp. figure - you will find lots more with google).
Pictures of the Vredefort Crater:
http://www.hartrao.ac.za/other/vredefort/dyke3.jpg
credit: M Gaylard - source: http://www.hartrao.ac.za/other/vredefort/vredefort.html

As you can see, there is not a single hole, ¼ deep of the Lithosphere, which by the way would be terrific to see – smile. :bash: :nuts:
In addition, please try to stay on topic of the thread, so discuss about houses and constructions under earth or open another thread about tectonic and astronomic events, but then try discussing scientifically correct.

The Vredefort Dome belongs to the Witwatersrand Basin, which is known as the largest Gold and Uranium deposit in the world, by now. Most deposits are located in the north of the impact. At this genesis it has been a large river delta, where it was possible for placer to form deposits in the fluvial depressions. Merely its sediment layers are 18 km mighty. The impact happened 2500 mil. Years ago. As reason for the large amount of resources scientist write, cause 2,5 billion years ago was the turnaround for oxygen production, where as photosynthetic oxygen production rates were the first time above its consumption level. Before pyritic gold originated, after the less valuable hematical gold started to evolve. Since its discovery in 1886, nearly 50.000 t Gold were extracted from the basin (app. 50% of world production). One assumes, that 1/3 of the gold reserves lay within this area. For technological issues it is not possible to dig further than 3500m – until now. That seems far away from your approximated 25000m. As I said, try to be scientific correct, so next time state exactly what you mean with 25.000 m.
Regards :nocrook:
Jens Rahnfeld (http://www.rahnfeld.com)

OFF THE TOPIC:
Thats definitely an answer. By the way, I don't study geology so clarify me on this. What you mean is the meteor impact created more gold and uranium in the area? Is it also the reason for the abundance of diamonds?

BACK TO THE TOPIC:
If thats the case, then the recently discovered meteor impact on Antarctica may have created a much much deeper hole than the one in South Africa? Some expert believes thats the reason for the Siberian explosion on the other side of the planet?

Tunguska was a small meteorite in comparison to other ones that have hit the earth.

Anyways, I presume that the friction created by the meteorite fused gold and uranium together with the heat of the collision?

To the question regarding Gold:
The Witwatersrand is an epicontinental sediment basin, so it was flooded temporarily for several times and its sediments formed in a large scal river delta. Although the tectonic composition at 3 billion years ago is not clearly determinable, scientists suppose that 4 large deformation periods, while sedimentation (through hug rivers delta) continued, affected the formation of Witwatersrand deposits:
1. Dominion related Rifting (subduction of ocean crust formed the small dominion sub layer from basaltic-rhyolithic volcano rock)
2. Syn-Witwatersrand Compression (the ocean crust could not subduct further beneath the dominion crust, so it lifted up, to form a fusion between the two plates (Zimbabwe and Kaapvaal Kraton)).
3. Mid Ventersdorp Extension (after the compression and the many fractures and emanation of alkali basaltic lava, a expansion time began. This leaded to much more fractures and to a turnaround from thrust faults to drift. Into these fractures, sediments could fill in very well).
4. The sediments of nearly 0,5 billion years (3,1 billion to 2,6) were already pretty mighty. But the sedimentation of the so called Super-Group, between 2,5 to 2,2 billion years, was the most folded, most fractured and very deep intruding (7800m mighty). They form a radial layer, located around Vredefort Crator. The cataclysmic deforming metamorphose, due to the meteor, was the most recent (youngest) event to affecting the tectonically structure of the Witwatersrand basin. Younger orogenesis had much fewer influence onto the geological structure.

Geological map of Gold deposits at Witwatersrand
http://www.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de/~ea19/SA/Exkursionsfuehrer/image051b.gif
source: web page of the Karlsruhe University - Prof. D. Stüben et. al. "Exkursion Südafrika 2004", September 2nd 2007


To the question regarding diamonds:
Diamond carrying kimberlitic deposits are known to be found in South Africa, West Africa Angola, Tanzania, USA, Brazil, Siberia, India, Australia and Canada, were Precambrian kratons (non folded – continental shields) and Precambrian folded belts are located. This is, caused by the bigger Lithosphere-Dimension, which results into a higher pressure then. These are the preconditions for a diamond window to open on the right temperature-pressure-conditions for their genesis. Kimberlitic magma is a mixture from megacrystals (with unknown relation to the surrounding stone, in which they from up) and ultramafical Xenoliths embedded in a fine grained matrix and in hot CO2 and H2O fluids. Diamonds form in depths of about 300km (at 100 kbar) to 80km (25kbar) on temperatures of 1100°C. At 300km it partly molten arises, due to the supply of CO2 (it is not explainable were that CO2 comes from). Through the partly molting its density reduces, so a diapiric ascension starts. At 25 kbar, and through the cooling down a crystallization is setting up. With that CO2 gases pass off to the surface and thereby form intrusions/cracks towards the crust. Within these cracks kimberlitic melting’s can surge. Nevertheless, Diamonds are supposed to be much older than these kimberlitic melting`s. Big Diamonds do not directly form up within a kimberlitic melting. Somehow, big diamonds that were found with mineral embeddings, track back to the conclusion of: that depths from about 800km are likely to form up the largest ones.

Pressure-Temperature Chart of a Granatperidotit-Melting while ascending
http://www.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de/~ea19/SA/Exkursionsfuehrer/image094b.jpg
source: web page of the Karlsruhe University - Prof. D. Stüben et. al. "Exkursion Südafrika 2004", September 2nd 2007

Secondary deposits are weathering deposits. These can be riverbanks and coast banks, where the most accurate and precious diamonds are found, since they survived repeating transportation and deformation procedures. But both, primarily and secondary deposits have been made accessible, since heavy equipment helps to dig down faster. In secondary fields, you use the hydrophobic character of diamonds – they stick to fat. In primary fields this character is not developed, so you need to make them visible through laser pointers.

Regarding the “Big Bang on the South Pole”, a crater, with the size of 300 miles (like the state of Ohio – US) which dates back to the Permian and Triassic extinction a 250 mio. years ago – has been investigated. This impact is believed to be twice the size of the Yucatan – Gulf of Mexico – impact, which should be responsible for the extinction of dinosaurs (65 mio. years before today).

Of course, there is a reason why all the major player countries want to make Antarctica their terrain and property. Cause you can imagine the precious treasures we expecting to find on ground of that. Since there are many craters on other planets, as well on our moon, the query of deposits near such impacts, due to a metamorphosis, will easily be answered in future, by the first researcher on the moon or at one ice free shelf on the south pole - sigh.
:nocrook:
regards
jens rahnfeld (http://www.rahnfeld.com)

PS: it would still be cool talking about sustainable constructions beneath earths surface. I can imagine, that you can use earth temperature for producing energy - like water pumped down a 200 meters - gets hot and by that you can use it for the heating or exchange energy through transmitters. Also if much of the house would be below surface - it could be very good and cheap insulated against heat and cold. By a smart architecture you can still make light come through a glas windowed roof really good. :2cents: :okay: ciao later

I found some pictures of the new OSU crator:

airborne radar image of land elevation in East Antarctica . Higher elevations appear red, purple, and white; the location of the Wilkes Land crater is circled (above center). Image courtesy of Ohio State University . An inset of the Chicxulub crater is included for comparison.
http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/Bedrock_topography%20a
source: researchnews.osu.edu - Professor R. von Frese, et. al. (L. Potts, P. Frost Gorder) - News release - viewed and cited on September 2nd, 2007

thickness of the Earth's crust across Antarctica . Thicker crust appears red. The location of the Wilkes Land crater is circled (below right of center).
http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/Crustal_thickness%20a
ibidem


GRACE-measured gravity fluctuations beneath East Antarctica . Denser regions appear more red; the location of the Wilkes Land crater is circled (above center).
http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/Gravity_signal%20a
ibid.

regards
Jens Rahnfeld

:cheers: Thank You :cheers:

This is not the deepest but it is amazing:

"525 m deep, 1200 meters in diameter. The air zone within this mine is closed for helicopters - a few accidents occurred when they were “sucked in” by downward air flow…”

http://www.blog.lessrain.com/wp-content/upload/mine.jpg

http://farm1.static.flickr.com/61/198968563_0d43631c35.jpg

http://manolobrides.com/images/mapmine.jpg

http://www.10dailythings.com/images/slide0004_image010.jpg

What the hell is that? and where?

Hejsan,

wow what an impressive hole. I would mention the same question, but I presume that helicopter-sucker is located in Africa too?
Kind regards,
Jens Rahnfeld

Diamond mine at Siberia.

Neat-o.
I hope they make a skateboarding bowl out of it when they're done with it. lol

Actually, the topic about construction sites / houses beneath soil surfaces, or with most of it below the soil, is a very tempting, interesting and for Emirates it might become even a crucial one. It carries vantages like no or less air condition would be needed for summertime nor would much heating be needed in wintertime. If constructed as our University Library at the Dresden University of Technology (cp. images) it offers you a enjoyable, great sustainable and nice quiet atmosphere.
http://www.tycofis.de/totalwalther/tw_infonet_cms.nsf/index/CMSA512CB3684FC0993C1256CF40041C198/$file/SLUB.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Slub-dresden-reading-room-2.JPG/300px-Slub-dresden-reading-room-2.JPG
http://vifaart.slub-dresden.de/spuren/vorspann/images/luft2.jpg
http://www.gmeiner-haferl.com/data/media/abau_media/big/175_ne1164378343_slub%20dresden_1_big.jpg
Bravo ... looks nice - right? Well it is!!! At some locations, like in Norway, Sweden and Russia, malls and shopping areas, even small cities sites are constructed below the surface. No doubt, this has good side effects. :uh:
Maybe one day all the Emirates (possibly Sharjah first) tend to grow up and thing not just big in size, but big in sustainability and technological improvement. But this took time in Europe, this still takes time in US and it will take some in UAE alike. The motto could then be “not merely we got the largest building on earth, we plan to make the smartest one too” … lets see
I am curious and content, that it will happen :nocrook:
Regards
Jens Rahnfeld (http://www.rahnfeld.com)

This looks great! I wonder how many buildings there are like this outside of Northern Europe! What a great idea!

http://www.missilebases.com/

abandoned underground US missile silos turned into homes.

just a question, how deep is the channel tunnel? i have no idea

... The average depth is 45.7 m (150 feet) underneath the seabed, and the deepest is 60 m (197 feet...

Seikan tunnel is app. 100 m underneath the seabed in deepest part.

I think the mine in South Africa is the deepest place humans have been. Its 3.5 km from the surface.

I pondered and came to the conclusion, that you ought to know this as well (cp. table):

http://www.rahnfeld.com-a.googlepages.com/deepest_mine.jpg


source:
http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2003/YefimCavalier.shtml

Several types of mines can be found around the world. Mines that might be considered the world's deepest are either open-pit or vertical shaft mines. Vertical shaft mines hold the record for being the deepest mines in the world. Most are located in South Africa due to its abundance of diamond and gold deposits. As of 2003 the deepest mine is the East Rand mine at 3585 meters, but as technology improves and the search for natural resources continues many mines are constantly being deepened. In the next few years, the Western Deep mine will reach 5 km.

Many problems arise when digging so deep into the Earth. The most obvious is the heat. For example, at 5 km the temperature reaches 70 degrees Celsius and therefore massive cooling equipment is needed to allow workers to survive at such depths. Another problem is the weight of the rock. For example, at 3.5 km the pressure of rocks above you is 9,500 tones per meter squared, or about 920 times normal atmospheric pressure. When rock is removed through mining this pressure triples in the surrounding rock. This effect coupled with the cooling of the rock causes a phenomenon known as rock bursts, which accounts for many of the 250 deaths in South African mines every year.

cite: 2003, Yefim Cavalier

best regards
jens rahnfeld
:banana:

This looks great! I wonder how many buildings there are like this outside of Northern Europe! What a great idea!

it surely is a great idea, and sustainable too... but unfortunatly I do not know the answer, perhaps a chairman of an architecture faculty must know?

so I wonder what really happens due to the "rather great sounding and still kind of unreliable feeling" announcement which Sheik Maktoum ruler of Dubai placed now a days:

Dubai Requires All New Buildings To Be Energy Efficient By 2008

October 25, 2007 5:56 p.m. EST, Vittorio Hernandez - AHN News Writer, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (AHN)

By January 2008 all new construction in Dubai must comply with state-mandated standards for energy and environmental efficiency. Dubai Ruler Shaikh Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Maktoum issued Wednesday the policy to keep the United Arab Emirates' key city in line with international standards on sustainable and responsible development. The new policy places Dubai in green history as the first Middle Eastern city to require all new edifices to be energy efficient, and one of the first in the world.
The Emirates Green Building Council is identifying 25 new buildings to implement the pilot scheme which will apply Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design standards. But it will have more emphasis on water conservation because of the resource's scarcity in the region.
With this slight variation from the American LEED standard, EmiratesGBC will set the total rating points to 72 from U.S.A.'s 69, said Dr. Sadek Owainati, EmiratesGBC chairman. An energy efficient building, according to the U.S. Green Buildings Council, must save 70 percent on electricity, 50 to 60 percent on water and 36 percent of energy compared to standard edifices.

cite: http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7008949980

I wished to have heared that announce half a year before. Now I hope they go leading the world in sustainability. Merely I doubt that would happen, cause of their mentality which has to change tremendously first. Which would indeed be like 540° turn ... regarding the plans (cp. image).

And would Emiratis use public transportation? Be curious as I - smile ... while leafing through the Masterplan

http://www.rahnfeld.com-a.googlepages.com/masterpl.jpg

source: skyscrapercity

My further intend would be when they do the same in terra-forming, which both is crucially needed within the climatic change now adays ... Becoming the ww leader in sustainable terra-forming. what a nice thought. You mere have to mess with Germany Shaik Maktoum!

So ponder the challange for today is not merely to be building the highest and most golden skyscrapers, but to develop the most sustainable buildings at all - beneath the surface, there is no doubt in my eyes, would be the most climate friendly though!!! :2cents:


Best regards
jens rahnfeld

ps: as I heard the Emiratis contemplated to construct a cloud city - and now this turnaround, what a surprise ...

Interesting topic.

There are plenty of reasons why people don't like to live beneath the surface. Mostly due to the lack of sunlight. Furthermore the excavation is very expensive. (aditional costs) With the progress in insulation techniques there is no need build deeper underground. At least in temperate climate. But it's great to use it as heat storage vessel.

The UK uses some Underground Mines as Storage Facilities such as Deep Store in Cheshire - there is an interesting video on the website here.

http://www.deepstore.co.uk/

There is also a massive storage facility in Wiltshire, which was once home to vast underground Government facilities.

http://www.wansdyke.co.uk

History of the site -

http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire/underground_city/

The Boulby Pot Ash Mine in Cleveland in England, is one of the deepest mines in Europe and has been used for scientific research in to dark matter.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/tees/2981103.stm

http://www.pppa.group.shef.ac.uk/boulby/boulby.php

Many Ex-Military Bunkers in the UK have been converted to other uses such as Data Protection.

http://www.thebunker.net/













:)

Perhaps not the deepest, but still pretty deep is the Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (http://www.jamstec.go.jp/chikyu/eng/Expedition/NantroSEIZE/exp314.html). What sets this hole apart is its the only structure drilling though a subduction zone between 2 tectonic plates. They want to see what lies between the plates, is it a crack between big rocks or lots of smaller rocks? and how big is the gap (1m?)


http://www.jamstec.go.jp/chikyu/jp/Expedition/NantroSEIZE/Images/nantro_1E.gif

I think that the New York 60 mile (6 Billion Dollar) Water Tunnel Number 3 is one of the most amazing underground projects in the World.

http://www.flatrock.org.nz/topics/environment/new_york_city_water_tunnel_no_3.htm

The deepest research borehole ever drilled was in Russia, on the Kola peninsula.