Pictures and some informations of lighthouses in Asia.

Cape Bojeador Lighthouse (Burgos, Ilocos Norte) - 20m / Brick Masonry / 1892
http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/11117689300cape-bojeador-lighthouse.jpg


Bagacay Point Lighthouse (Liloan, Cebu) -22m / Concrete & Stone / 1908
http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/441px-Bagacay_Point_Lighthouse_Philippines.jpg


Basco Lighthouse (Basco, Batanes) - 20m / Reinforced Concrete / 2003
http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/Batanes.jpg


Corregidor Lighthouse (Corregidor Is., Cavite) - 14m / Masonry / 1950
http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/Corregidorlighthouse.jpg



Pasig River Lighthouse (Manila) - 15m / Reinforced Concrete / 1992
http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/PasigRiver.jpg



Cape Engaño Lighthouse (Santa Ana, Cagayan) - 14m / Brick / 1892
http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/the-most-famous-world-lighthouses05.jpg


Malabrigo Point Lighthouse (Lobo, Batangas) - 17m / Brick / 1896
http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/MalabrigoPointLthouse.jpg


Malapascua Lighthouse (Malapascua Is., Cebu) - 16m / Steel / 1994
http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/malapascua.jpg



sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighthouses_in_the_Philippines#List_of_Lighthouses_in_the_Philippines

http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/phl.htm

http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/phls.htm

Dili lighthouse (Dili, Timor Leste) - 17m / Masonry & Steel / 1896

http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/4926482745_86fe3d0346.jpg

http://i156.photobucket.com/albums/t16/acosicris/3566152497_1c075ff52e.jpg

Anyer Lighthouse
Anyer, Indonesia

http://images.detik.com/content/2010/08/18/962/mercusuar-anyer-280.jpg

Langkawi Island, M'sia

http://static.malaysia.com/r7/gallery/lightbox-size/1270.jpg
http://fendiria.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Langkawi-Light-House.jpg
by Fendi Ria

Miri, Sarawak
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_nwzzrOeQIFc/S8ZvRCShAwI/AAAAAAAABkM/5phuSkzEFuw/s800/9032_128435736121_755721121_2403071_7027929_n.jpg

http://images.travelpod.com/users/divingaddict/10.1248184022.seahorse-lighthouse-.jpg
by susan

Biawak Island lighthouse, West Java
from www.moreindonesia.com

http://www.moreindonesia.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/biawak-island-lighthouse-view-500x770.jpg

Sembilangan Lighthouse, Madura Island, East Java

http://www.inijie.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/sunset_sembilangan_madura_1.jpg

http://blog.efahmi.info/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/efahmi_1_sembilangan.jpg

Takarewataya Lighthouse, South Celebes (Sulawesi)
built in 1887
http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/photos/SoutheastAsia/TakarewatayaIDSL.jpg

http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5289/5323169211_0485ca0fff.jpg

Langkawi Island, M'sia

Miri, Sarawak
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_nwzzrOeQIFc/S8ZvRCShAwI/AAAAAAAABkM/5phuSkzEFuw/s800/9032_128435736121_755721121_2403071_7027929_n.jpg




this is cute!:)

Pulau Boo Besar Lighthouse, North Maluku
by muhajir3012

http://mw2.google.com/mw-panoramio/photos/medium/25077406.jpg

Trawangan Lighthouse - Gili Trawangan, Lombok

by alexkolm
http://mw2.google.com/mw-panoramio/photos/medium/8543388.jpg

by GerlingenDH
http://mw2.google.com/mw-panoramio/photos/medium/5872905.jpg

Pulau Ular Lighthouse, East Lombok

from dubman.com
http://www.dubman.com/Spooky/light/pics/lombok.jpg

Pulau Sangeang Lighthouse, Sumbawa
by thomas philipp

http://www.thomas-philipp.com/3_foto/308_leuchtuerme/indonesien/eos350d_1329.jpg

Kupang Lighthouse, West Timor
from wikipedia

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kupang_lighthouse_and_anchorage.JPG/800px-Kupang_lighthouse_and_anchorage.JPG

Pulau Lengkuas Lighthouse, Belitong

by tyo_bheice
http://img219.imageshack.us/img219/4397/plengkuas8yz9ek.jpg

http://img218.imageshack.us/img218/2234/mercusuar21go.jpg

Edam Lighthouse, Jakarta
by tweety3d

http://mw2.google.com/mw-panoramio/photos/medium/2551976.jpg

1881. Active; focal plane 55 m (180 ft); four white flashes every 20 s. 50 m (164 ft) 16(?)-sided cast iron tower with lantern

Biawak Island lighthouse, West Java
from www.moreindonesia.com

http://www.moreindonesia.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/biawak-island-lighthouse-view-500x770.jpg

by bstwan
http://mw2.google.com/mw-panoramio/photos/medium/3332937.jpg

1911 (station established 1872). Active; focal plane 54 m (177 ft); white flash every 15 s. 50 m (164 ft) 16-sided cast iron skeletal tower with lantern, gallery, and central cylinder

Malang Biru Lighthouse, Anambas Islands

from whitemanta.com
http://www.whitemanta.com/gallery/d/4652-3/aaz.jpg

Active; focal plane 16 m (52 ft); white flash every 4 s. The original (?) lighthouse here is a tapered octagonal cancrete or masonry tower with gallery

Pulau Beras Basah Lighthouse, East Kalimantan

http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/lighthouse/photos/SoutheastAsia/BerasBasahIDKA.jpg

Active; focal plane 36 m (118 ft); five white flashes, in a 3+2 pattern, every 20.5 s. 35 m (115 ft) square pyramidal skeletal tower with gallery

Apo Reef Lighthouse
Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro

http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2163/2523831888_80f75c23d4_o.jpg

http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3277/2523012209_775c9b25ff_o.jpg

Shadow
http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2059/2523010457_a8f94aa2a5_o.jpg
photo credits to the owner. (http://www.pinoyphotography.org/forum/index.php?topic=30404.0)

more picture on this thread (http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=824628&page=31)

Ke Ga Lighthouse, Binh Thuan Province, Vietnam

http://files.myopera.com/trananhvu862001/albums/1698021/76287560.XXWTnyfb.muikega1.jpg

http://my.opera.com/trananhvu862001/blog/k

Ke ga lighthouse, Vietnam

http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2613/4092063964_c63582aba3_z.jpg

http://www.flickr.com/photos/stanleyswat/4092063964/


http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2559/3738992179_8c42d36923_b.jpg

http://www.flickr.com/photos/ngdhung82/3738992179/sizes/l/in/photostream/

#21 ^^
picturesque

http://img580.imageshack.us/img580/861/d23478d6c79abf31fb3cf3b.jpg

Historic lighthouse guards modern Singapore
http://travel.xin.msn.com/destinations/singapore/afp/article.aspx?cp-documentid=4947850

By AFP, Updated: 18/06/2011

Singapore has since grown into one of the world's busiest ports but the Raffles Lighthouse remains a vital maritime landmark in an age when massive ocean-going ships depend heavily upon sophisticated navigation systems.

"Electronics can fail but the lighthouse will always be there," said chief hydrographer Parry Oei from the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA).

"Visual aids like lighthouses, beacons and buoys are still relevant in warning ships as they sail near to the shore or shallow areas," he told AFP.

Named after colonial Singapore's founder Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, the 29-metre (96-foot) high lighthouse was built in 1855 on a 1.3-hectare (3.2-acre) island named Pulau Satumu, which means "one-tree island" in Malay.

It warns ships of dangers such as sandbars and reefs and signals the presence of slow-moving large crude oil carriers by a raised cone in the day and a special white light at night.

Singapore handled 28.4 million TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units) of container traffic and more than 503 million tonnes of cargo in 2010, making it one of the world's top ports.

But it had a humble beginning in colonial times.

In 1836, merchants and mariners wrote a petition to the British authorities calling for the erection of lighthouses in the Singapore Strait.

Pulau Satumu was recommended because of its conspicuous position, but the lighthouse's foundation was only erected on May 24, 1854, Queen Victoria's birthday, and it started operating on December 1, 1855.

Originally powered by a wick burner and manned by seven lightkeepers, the lighthouse now uses solar power to run energy-efficient quartz halogen lamps in its rotating beacon.

Two lightkeepers operate the facility, which is closed to the public. Only staff and coral reef researchers are given regular access to the island, but the MPA recently organised a tour for the media.

"We maintain the lighthouse, take care of vessels and communicate with the Port Operations Control Centre," said Narayanasamy Manikaveloo, a lightkeeper who has worked at Raffles Lighthouse for a year.

"It is like our own home," added the 48-year-old, who stays in self-contained living quarters below the lighthouse for 10-day stretches.

At night, ships within 20 nautical miles of Raffles Lighthouse see three white flashes every 20 seconds from the beacon.

Lighthouses are distinguished by their shape, colour and height in the day, and the colour of the light and flash character at night, complying with an international set of guidelines.

Although the operation of Raffles Lighthouse has been automated since 1988 and fully monitored from the mainland, lightkeepers are still needed to man the tower at all times due to its vital role as a navigational aid in the busy strait.

Gaharudin Abd Gani, who has been a lightkeeper for 23 years, used to sit on a bench outside the lighthouse in the 1970s, watching out for possible danger at sea using binoculars day and night.

After dark, the island is exceptionally quiet.

"At night it is very scary, and we watch over one another," said Manikaveloo.

The relatively light workload, low-cost lifestyle and comfortable pace of life are among the perks of the job, the lightkeepers say.

In their free time, they watch football on Indonesian and Singaporean television channels, read books, fish and grow plants in a garden.

"Working here is very calm and relaxing. Working in Singapore is very rushed," Gaharudin said over dinner as the sun set on the horizon.

Melawati Hill light house, Kuala Selangor, Selangor -Malaysia
http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3429/4606324359_fe01e8e444_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/stratman2/4606324359/)
IMG_1859_DxO (http://www.flickr.com/photos/stratman2/4606324359/) by stratman2 (Flickr backlog!) (http://www.flickr.com/people/stratman2/), on Flickr
http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4068/4606078167_bdbf286f2f_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/stratman2/4606078167/)
Fort Altingsburg, Kuala Selangor (http://www.flickr.com/photos/stratman2/4606078167/) by stratman2 (Flickr backlog!) (http://www.flickr.com/people/stratman2/), on Flickr

Jugra Hill light house, Selangor -Malaysia
http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4104/5174203462_62aa6a552c_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/ariffbudiman/5174203462/)
IMG_6339 (http://www.flickr.com/photos/ariffbudiman/5174203462/) by ariff budiman (http://www.flickr.com/people/ariffbudiman/), on Flickr
http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2208/1811648034_daa303fd08_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/khairolin/1811648034/)
DSC_0720 (http://www.flickr.com/photos/khairolin/1811648034/) by khairolin (http://www.flickr.com/people/khairolin/), on Flickr

Miri, Sarawak - Malaysia
http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1244/1455268850_9a2ae67c02_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/14249522@N07/1455268850/)
Entrance to Miri Marina (http://www.flickr.com/photos/14249522@N07/1455268850/) by andiroo (http://www.flickr.com/people/14249522@N07/), on Flickr
http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5030/5689760513_e4852265ee_b.jpg
http://www.flickr.com/photos/24013559@N04/5689760513/

Telaga Harbour Marina Lighthouse, Langkawi Island, Kedah - Malaysia
http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4052/4534893131_f5fdef3fc5_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/ryhansalihin/4534893131/)
Telaga Harbour Marina Lighthouse, Langkawi (http://www.flickr.com/photos/ryhansalihin/4534893131/) by hankite's photo (http://www.flickr.com/people/ryhansalihin/), on Flickr
http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4022/4534361951_74a4ec3ec5_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/ryhansalihin/4534361951/)
Telaga Harbour Marina Lighthouse, Langkawi (http://www.flickr.com/photos/ryhansalihin/4534361951/) by hankite's photo (http://www.flickr.com/people/ryhansalihin/), on Flickr

Tanjung Tuan Lighthouse, Melaka - Malaysia
http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5220/5523279226_6e0d4726d8_b.jpg
http://www.flickr.com/photos/kboey/5523279226/

Melaka Strait
http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4011/4176193057_d92973100c_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/mcmalacs/4176193057/)
DSC_0381 (http://www.flickr.com/photos/mcmalacs/4176193057/) by mcmalacs (http://www.flickr.com/people/mcmalacs/), on Flickr

Fort Cornwallis, Penang Lighthouse
http://farm1.static.flickr.com/51/124765228_6702105c95_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/superciliousness/124765228/)
200604 fort cornwallis signals (http://www.flickr.com/photos/superciliousness/124765228/) by iambents (http://www.flickr.com/people/superciliousness/), on Flickr
http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1026/1396540077_1698a45119_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/syeefa/1396540077/)
Structure (http://www.flickr.com/photos/syeefa/1396540077/) by Syeefa Jay (http://www.flickr.com/people/syeefa/), on Flickr

DOTC to bid out P246-M project to upgrade lighthouses

MANILA, Philippines–Lighthouses across the country are set for upgrades as part of government efforts to make inter-island sea traffic in the Philippines safer and more convenient for travellers.

In a statement, the Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC) said it was bidding out P246 million worth of lighthouse equipment, a project that will modernize 143 light stations in different parts of the country.

On top of the purchase list are the 55 primary light-emitting diode (LED) lanterns, each of which should have a luminous range reaching at least 18 nautical miles. Also to be procured are 84 secondary LED lanterns, which should have a luminous range of 15 nautical miles.

Additional five units of tertiary LED lanterns, with a range of seven nautical miles, are also included in the procure ment. In addition, 120 units of mono crystalline solar panel to power the LED lanterns will be bid out.

The DOTC said areas in Luzon that would get new equipment were Batanes, Aurora, Cagayan, Isabela, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, La Union, Zambales, Bataan, Bulacan, Cavite, Rizal, Quezon, Batangas, Occidental Mindoro, Romblon, Palawan, Catanduanes, Albay, Masbate and Sorsogon.

Lighthouses to be upgraded in the Visayas are those in Antique, Bohol, Siquijor, Negros Oriental, Cebu, Eastern Samar, Northern Samar, Western Samar, Northern Leyte, and Southern Leyte.

Meanwhile, In Mindanao, the beneficiaries are Pagadian City, Tawi Tawi, Zamboanga Del Sur, Siargao, Surigao del Norte, Zamboanga del Norte, Catarman, Samal, Surigao del Sur, Davao Oriental, Saranggani, Davao and South Cotabato.http://business.inquirer.net/74939/dotc-to-bid-out-p246-m-project-to-upgrade-lighthouses

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouse_%28new%29%2C_Selangor.png/641px-One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouse_%28new%29%2C_Selangor.png
One Fathom Bank Lighthouse

The "new" One Fathom Bank Lighthouse, activated 1999.
Location One Fathom Bank (Permatang Sedepa), off the coast of Selangor, Malaysia
Coordinates 2°53′03″N 100°59′08″ECoordinates: 2°53′03″N 100°59′08″E[1]
Year first constructed 1852, 1874 and 1907 (old); 1999 (new)
Deactivated 1999 (old)
Construction Pile lighthouse (new and old)
Tower shape Octogonal tower (old);
circular tower (new)
Markings / pattern Red and white horizontal bands (old and new)
Height 27 metres (89 ft) (old);
43 metres (141 ft) (focal plane) (new)
Focal height See height
Range 23 nautical miles (43 km; 26 mi)[1]
Characteristic Four white flashes every 20 seconds[1]
Admiralty number F1616 (new)[2]
NGA number 21784 (new)[2]
ARLHS number WMA-030 (old);
WMA-007 (new)[2]

The One Fathom Bank Lighthouse (Malay: Rumah Api One Fathom Bank or Rumah Api Permatang Sedepa) refers to two offshore lighthouses in the Strait of Malacca, specifically, on a shoal within Malaysian waters, dubbed One Fathom Bank (Permatang Sedepa), off the coast of the state of Selangor.

The One Fathom Bank station originally consisted of a single screw-pile lighthouse that has been replaced twice over the course of its 147 years in service, but saw the addition of a newer, larger counterpart close by that superseded duties of the older lighthouse in 1999. The lighthouses have since been referred to as the "old" One Fathom Bank Lighthouse and the "new" One Fathom Bank Lighthouse; the old One Fathom Bank Lighthouse is retained but is currently inactive.

As neither lighthouse is located on any body of dry land, both locations are only accessible by boat. While both sites of the lighthouses are open, their towers remain off-limits.[2

The history of the old One Fathom Bank Lighthouse began in the mid 19th century when General Thomson, a hydrograph surveyor, reported the existence of a sandbank located at the coordinates 03º 10’N and 101º 00’E, between North Sands and South Sands in the Straits of Malacca. The sandbank had apparently emerged during low tide, with water depths of less than two and a half fathoms. The solidity of the sandbank in the middle of the Straits of Malacca had encouraged the British to build a lighthouse at the site for navigational purposes in 1852. In 1874, the structure was replaced with a new lighthouse constructed on screw piles [11]. However, in 1907, a new lighthouse with concrete piles was built to replace the screw pile structures. The construction of the 1907 One Fathom Bank Lighthouse cost about £246,963.31
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouse_%28old%29%2C_Selangor.png/349px-One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouse_%28old%29%2C_Selangor.pnghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouse_%28new%29%2C_Selangor.png/641px-One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouse_%28new%29%2C_Selangor.pnghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouses_%28old_and_new%29%2C_Selangor.png/800px-One_Fathom_Bank_Lighthouses_%28old_and_new%29%2C_Selangor.pnghttp://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/SeminarPaper/malacca_straits1.jpghttp://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/SeminarPaper/OldPic.jpg

http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/SeminarPaper/restoration_of_old_one_fathom_ba.htm

Restoration of Old One Fathom Bank Lighthouse, Selangor:

Prospects for Heritage Tourism

(Paper presented at The 3rd Tourism Outlook Conference & Global Event Congress II, 16-18 July 2007, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

by

Associate Professor Dr. A Ghafar Ahmad

School of Housing, Building and Planning

Universiti Sains Malaysia

11800 Penang, Malaysia

Email : aghafar@usm.my http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation

http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/SeminarPaper/restoration_of_old_one_fathom_ba_files/image026.jpghttp://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/SeminarPaper/restoration_of_old_one_fathom_ba_files/image028.jpghttp://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/SeminarPaper/restoration_of_old_one_fathom_ba_files/image030.jpg

1.0 Introduction

For fishing enthusiasts and those sailing along the sea near Port Klang, Selangor, Malaysia, there are two imposing structures that cannot be missed. One seems smaller and older, while the other looks bigger and more modern. These structures are known as the “old” and “new” One Fathom Bank Lighthouse, built in 1907 and 1999, respectively. Standing about 500 meters apart from each other in the middle of the Straits of Malacca, these lighthouse structures act like a gateway to Malaysia’s busiest seaport, Port Klang. The new lighthouse has been in operation since 1999, while the old one was left abandoned for a period of time. In lieu of the historical and architectural significance of lighthouses in the nation’s development, the Government of Malaysia, through the Department of Marine Malaysia and related authorities such as the Department of Public Works Malaysia and the then Department of Museums and Antiquities Malaysia, has conducted a restoration project of the old One Fathom Bank Lighthouse in 2003. The project involved restoring and repairing dilapidated building structures and elements such as foundation piles, walls, doors, windows, staircases, flat roof, timber decking, copper dome and floor tiles. Although restoration work was completed in 2005, the future of the old lighthouse has remained vague and its new function undecided. A successful lighthouse restoration project often necessitates a team effort to tackle diversified matters, ranging from the lighthouse structure itself to the educational and cultural heritage associated with artifacts and real-life history of light keepers. This paper highlights the restoration of the old One Fathom Bank Lighthouse, Selangor in an effort to safeguard its historical and architectural significance. The paper also emphasizes the need to preserve, protect and promote the legacy of lighthouses in the country in the interest of heritage tourism, as well as to increase community awareness in treasuring invaluable heritage assets.

Abstract:

For fishing enthusiasts and recreational sailors along Port Klang, Selangor, Malaysia, there are two imposing structures that cannot be missed. One appears smaller and older, while the other looks much bigger and more modern. They are known as the “old” and “new” One Fathom Bank Lighthouse, built in 1907 and 1999, respectively. Standing about 500 meters apart from each other in the Straits of Malacca, these lighthouse structures act like a gateway to Malaysia’s busiest Port Klang. The new lighthouse equipped with modern navigational technology has started operation in 1999, while the old one has been deactivated since then. In recognition of the historical and architectural significance of lighthouses in the country’s development, the Government of Malaysia, through the Department of Marine Malaysia and other agencies such as the Department of Public Works Malaysia and the then Department of Museums and Antiquities Malaysia, has carried out a restoration project of the old One Fathom Bank Lighthouse in 2003 at the cost of RM3.36 million. The lighthouse project has portrayed a fine example of restoration work which involved restoring and repairing dilapidated building structures and elements such as foundation piles, walls, doors, windows, staircases, flat roof, timber decking, copper dome and floor tiles. Although the restoration project has long been completed in 2005, the future of the old lighthouse has remained uncertain as its new function has yet to be determined. A successful lighthouse restoration project typically requires a team effort to address diversified matters, ranging from the lighthouse structure itself to the educational and cultural heritage associated with artifacts and real-life history of light keepers. This paper discusses the restoration of the old One Fathom Bank Lighthouse, Selangor in an effort to retain its historical and architectural significance. The paper also highlights the importance of preserving, protecting and promoting the lighthouse legacy in Malaysia for heritage tourism, as well as the need to create community consciousness that treasures this priceless heritage asset.

Restoration Work

After identifying the state of the building defects, all restoration work had to be carried out carefully and systematically, based on the principles and guidelines of building restoration established by the then Department of Museums and Antiquities Malaysia. The restoration work was based on the following principles:-

1. Record and document the conditions of the old lighthouse before, during and after restoration, using a systematic methodology known as the Historical Architectural Building Survey (HABS).

2. Minimize intervention to the original building structures and fabric, whereby only the affected or damaged areas would be restored or repaired.

3. Conduct scientific studies and laboratory tests on the existing wall plaster, timber and paint.

4. Apply only proven methods and techniques of restoration.

5. Ensure the stability of the building structures throughout the restoration period.

http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/SeminarPaper/restoration_of_old_one_fathom_ba_files/image014.jpg

http://i1199.photobucket.com/albums/aa462/kintoy2/P1242539_1.jpg

Corregidor (http://www.boardinggate101.com/2012/07/corregidor-island-lighthouse.html), in Manila Bay, Philippines. Established in 1853

Lengkuas Island Lighthouse (50m), Indonesia

http://farm1.staticflickr.com/218/517340877_e3897c3a92_b.jpg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/66788325@N00/517340877/in/photostream/)

http://farm7.staticflickr.com/6113/6322209307_f0f5dbeb22_b.jpg

^^ so many lighthouse/mercusuar in indonesian archipelago

Mercusuar tanjung emas | Semarang indonesia

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Menarasuar.jpg/459px-Menarasuar.jpg

Mercusuar Oinake | Republik indonesia - papua nugini border

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Mercusuar.jpg

Mercusuar sumbawa | sumbawa island

http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_ldwx1oH50G1qc1qyjo1_500.jpg

Mercusuar lengkuas | Lengkuas island

http://www.metrogaya.com/files/pictures/artikel/00%20pulau%20lengkuas.jpg

Site (https://www.google.co.id/search?q=mercusuar+di+indonesia&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-beta&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=id&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=mKm0UPTICoPYrQfAvIHgAw&biw=1366&bih=665&sei=yKm0UNDDHczhrAeK1YGoDg#um=1&hl=id&client=firefox-beta&tbo=d&rls=org.mozilla:en-US%3Aofficial&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=mercusuar&oq=mercusuar&gs_l=img.3..0l10.187159.187159.8.187377.1.1.0.0.0.0.150.150.0j1.1.0...0.0...1c.1.Ik6ZgoUscW0&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&fp=d3f374258e69dc93&bpcl=38897761&biw=1366&bih=665)

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_mpNMTJ1byHU/TDcfBWahukI/AAAAAAAACDA/ixzVl8faH1E/s1600/MALAYSIA_20040131_01.jpg

source :http://gulfmannlighthouse.blogspot.com/2010_07_01_archive.html

Muka Head, Penang, Malaysia

http://img519.imageshack.us/img519/9973/trailmap2se3.jpghttp://pix.nuraina.com/main.php?g2_view=core.DownloadItem&g2_itemId=1111&g2_serialNumber=1

source:http://z8.invisionfree.com/CakapManyak/ar/t127.htm (http://z8.invisionfree.com/CakapManyak/ar/t127.htm)[/URL]
source:http://pix.nuraina.com/main.php?g2_itemId=1111

http://www.penang-traveltips.com/pics/muka-head-lighthouse.jpghttp://www.penang-traveltips.com/pics/looking-down-the-lighthouse-steps.jpghttp://www.penang-traveltips.com/pics/room-with-a-view-muka-head-lighthouse.jpghttp://www.penang-traveltips.com/pics/lamp-muka-head-lighthouse.jpghttp://www.penang-traveltips.com/pics/view-of-teluk-duyung-from-path-to-lighthouse.jpg

source:http://www.penang-traveltips.com/muka-head.htm
pictures credit as mention website.

http://marine21.marine.gov.my/appl/jict032008/jlsm/light/img/1MUKAHE15.jpg

source:http://marine21.marine.gov.my/appl/jict032008/jlsm/light/r_muka.html

In Bulacan province (north of Metro Manila), Philippines...

In Bulacan, reviving a lighthouse

HAGONOY, Bulacan—An island village along the coast here should get some bright Christmas cheer, courtesy of an 80-year-old lighthouse that is being repaired after seven years of being idle in time for the start of simbang gabi on Dec. 16.

Damages to the lighthouse had kept fishermen of Barangay (village) Pugad in the dark since 2005, after the facility’s worn-out electrical system broke down.

The Sigla Movement of the Philippines (SMP) is facilitating the lighthouse’s revival. SMP Bulacan chapter president Grossman Dax-Uy, a Hagonoy native who has been living in Mindanao, arrived here last week with experts to inspect the damage and to bring out the sections of the lighthouse that needed repair work.

http://img35.imageshack.us/img35/2102/bulacanlight.jpg
VOLUNTEERS are helping bring this lighthouse, idled by damages for seven years, back to life. COURTESY OF Grossmasn Dax-Uy

http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/323203/in-bulacan-reviving-a-lighthouse