View Full Version : Hellenic Center for Marine Research


Skaros
April 22nd, 2005, 05:52 PM
ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟ ΚΕΝΤΡΟ ΘΑΛΑΣΣΙΩΝ ΕΡΕΥΝΩΝ

HELLENIC CENTER FOR MARINE RESEARCH


History

In Greece, the sea has always been a source of interest as well as of resources, ever since ancient Minoan times, as can be seen from the murals and frescoes in Santorini and the palace at Knossos, the recorded teachings of the Ionian Philosophers and the scientific writings of the great philosopher Aristotle. This interest has remained alive and fresh to this very day.

In 1945, after the second World War, the Hellenic Hydrobiological Institute of the Academy of Athens was founded in Pireas, incorporating the Hydrobiological Station in Rhodes (Reale Istituto di Ricerche Biologiche) which had been set up by the Italians during their occupation of the Dodecanese. In the same year the small vessel GLAUKI was refitted as a research vessel and in 1946 the three first Greek oceanographic cruises were carried out. However, in 1948 the R/V GLAUKI was replaced by the R/V HALCYON.

In 1965 the Hydrobiological Institute of the Academy of Athens was amalgamated with the Laboratory of Fisheries Studies, forming a new body, the Institute of Oceanographic and Fisheries Research (IOFR), which became fully functional in 1970. Fifteen years later, in 1985, as a result of new research legislation (law 1514), the National Centre of Marine Research (NCMR) came into existence. The latter organisation had evolved from the previous one (IOFR) although it was now a public sector organisation under the jurisdiction of the General Secretariat of Research and Technology, part of the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Technology (now the Ministry of Development). The NCMR thus became the main vehicle of marine research in Greece. During the same year, 1985, the ocean-going R/V AEGAEO was built in Chalkida, purpose-built for carrying out marine research.

In 1987, further progress was made with the establishment of the Institute of Marine Biology of Crete (IMBC) in Heraklion, Crete. IMBC rapidly developed into an internationally known marine science institute with its successful promotion of research in the fields of marine biology, fisheries and aquaculture. IMBC’s R/V PHILIA, also purpose-built, played an important role in the research undertaken as despite its small size, it can cover large parts of the Eastern Mediterranean, including the coastal areas.

The integration of NCMR and IMBC took place on June 3, 2003 , consequent upon enactment of Presidential decree (law 2919/25.6.2001). The new organisation, a public sector body operating under public sector regulations, is called the Hellenic Centre of Marine Research (HCMR)


The Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) was set up as a single institution in order to integrate government-funded marine science research in Greece.
The present structure HCMR has five institutes, which carry out research into specific thematic areas.

* Institute of Oceanography
* Institute of Aquaculture
* Institute of Marine Biological Resources
* Institute of Inland Waters
* Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics

It enjoys top-level scientific support from its two research vessels, the RV AEGAEON and RV PHILIA, its state-of-the-art 2-man submersible THETIS as well as two deepwater ROVs, named the MAX ROVER and the SUPER ACHILLES.

HCMR is also responsible for the Rhodes Aquarium and the soon-to-be completed Aquarium in Crete.


RESEARCH VESSEL AEGAEON

http://www.cco.caltech.edu/~ampolsen/GreecePics/aegaeo_bow_piraeus.jpg



The 62m Research Vessel AEGAEO was refitted in 1997 and now comprises a completely modernized floating laboratory,equipped with all the state of the art instruments necessary for ELKETHE's valuable research work, which ranges from the geophysical exploration of the sea floor, to environmental monitoring.


THETIS

http://www.theabyss.gr/gallery/albums/userpics/10038/normal_%C1_D%28075%29.jpg
This twin-seat submersible was built by the French company COMEX for the Greek National Centre of Marine Research (NCMR). It is quite similar to the DR1002 with a large acrylic sphere hosting the pilot and an observer. The Remora 2000 is also described as a "sub-sea helicopter" due to the exceptional performance of her five thrusters (hosted in 450 mm diameter nozzles) and to her computer-controlled hydraulic propulsion system. The latter is an evolved electronic system which controls all the parameters of navigation and is also responsible for the energy management. The submersible has a very user-friendly piloting system, through the use of a simple joystick, which enables a single-hand control of all the important functions needed for diving. Safety features include a 105kg drop weight and two inflatable "buoyancy collars" that make the submersible unsinkable, even if the sphere is filled with water. External lighting consists of four quartz halogen searchlights and two high-power searchlights. The Remora 2000 is also fitted with a remote-controlled arm and a complex system of TV cameras and sonar:
bullet high resolution 725 kHz scanning sonar
bullet scanning profiler
bullet high resolution and sensitivity color video camera
bullet very high sensitivity B/W camera
bullet rear-view color video camera for increased safety during the exploration of wrecks
bullet video recorder


The submersible owned by the NCMR is named Thetis and operates in tandem with the Centre's research vessel Aegaeo . She hosts 18 scientists and 22 crew and is fitted with modern scientific equipment. The Thetis dived to the Britannic in 2001 under the command of Kostas Thoctarides, a well-known commercial diver. The observer was Giorgos Avgeropoulos , a TV-reporter from the Greek channel ALPHA. The purpose of the dive was mainly to test some new equipment installed on the submersible but Avgeropoulos found the chance to film many parts of the wreck. The footage was broadcasted by ALPHA some days later.

Skaros
April 22nd, 2005, 06:07 PM
HCMR operates 2 aquaria at the moment (2005)
The two international standard aquaria operating under the HCMR umbrella have a major role in its mission to stimulate interest in, and to develop and spread knowledge about the marine environment and in particular to promote knowledge concerning the Eastern Mediterranean.

The Hydrobiological Station of Rhodes was first constructed by the Italians in 1936, and has operated as an Aquarium/Museum and Research Station under its present name since 1963. Formerly part of the National Centre for Marine Science, it now operates as one of the arms of the HCMR.

Entrance of the aquarium of Rhodes
http://www.faliraki-info.com/photogallery/sarantis/imagese4/aquarium-rhode.jpg



There is also a completely new aquarium under construction in Crete, in a location which combines recreation and science, as part of the marine centre site now named Thalassocosmos.
The Cretaquarium that will be the first of its type in the Eastern Mediterranean and the largest in the balkans is expected to be a major tourist attraction.
http://www.hcmr.gr/english_site/aquaria/picts/cretaq3d.jpg

http://www.hcmr.gr/english_site/aquaria/picts/cretaqnov04.jpg



The CretAquarium is part of the building complex “Thalassocosmos” of HCMR of Crete, located within the old American Base of Gournes 15 km from Heraklion city. The aquarium together with the modern facilities of the Institute of Marine Biology & Genetics and the Institute of Aquaculture make “Thalassocosmos” a unique park whose focus is on science, education, culture and recreation and whose goal is to promote, share and spread knowledge concerning the marine environment

The CretAquarium is comprised of 32 tanks of a total capacity of 1.600.000 liters of sea water that will house 4.000 Mediterranean organisms, while 2 of the tanks will focus on the Lessepsian migrants from the Red Sea. Fifty viewing points will allow the visitors to observe the living creatures of the sea and their habits, while special monitors will point out the small organisms, invisible to the naked eye.

The aquarium will be able to accommodate at least 250.000 visitors per year while the duration of the visit is expected to last for approximately 1.5 hour. Analytical information for every thematic section and its organisms will be displayed in a variety of ways using interpretive graphics, interactive techniques and modern multimedia equipment. Additional educational interactive games and simulations focused on different components and phenomena of the marine environment will allow all visitors independent of age to become part of the show while at the same time providing them with a memorable learning experience.

Underlining the relationship between humans and the sea, the CretAquarium aims at reaching out and introducing its visitors to the wonderful world of the sea from which life on our planet evolved and on which all land ecosystems still depend. CretAquarium and “Thalassocosmos” in general will undoubtedly contribute to this realization by providing its knowledge and sharing it with the public through the aquarium while encouraging its visitors to become aware, sensitive and active on issues concerning the marine world.

The size of the aquarium

10,000m2 of parking space
10,000m2 of surrounding area
1,600m2 of exhibition area
2,600m2 of technical support / backstage area
32 Tanks with 50 viewing points
3 - 900m3 volume of tanks (average approx. 73m3)
1,600,000 liters of sea water
300m2 of transparent surfaces
4,000 marine organisms
Duration of the visit – approximately 1.5 hour
A multipurpose room of 150 people
Restaurant and Gift shop
Children’s play and activity room
75% financing from EFTA
25% financing from Greek government
Potential load of 250,000 visitors per year
Anticipated visitors 180.000 per year