DonQui
March 5th, 2006, 06:40 AM
tengo que irme tambien, debo leventarme antes de mediodia, y para un domingo, es tempranisimo!
buenas noches! Y un placer grg!
:wave:
buenas noches! Y un placer grg!
:wave:
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DonQui March 5th, 2006, 06:40 AM tengo que irme tambien, debo leventarme antes de mediodia, y para un domingo, es tempranisimo! buenas noches! Y un placer grg! :wave: DonQui March 5th, 2006, 06:40 AM tengo que irme tambien, debo leventarme antes de mediodia, y para un domingo, es tempranisimo! buenas noches! Y un placer grg! :wave: Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:41 AM ¡Adiós! :grouphug: Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:41 AM ¡Adiós! :grouphug: grg1992 March 5th, 2006, 06:42 AM Gracias por sus opiniones tan buenas :) Buenas noches a todos y que descansen! :okay: Nos vemos! grg1992 March 5th, 2006, 06:42 AM Gracias por sus opiniones tan buenas :) Buenas noches a todos y que descansen! :okay: Nos vemos! Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:43 AM ^^ Buena suerte en escuela Gonzalo. :drunk: Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:43 AM ^^ Buena suerte en escuela Gonzalo. :drunk: grg1992 March 5th, 2006, 06:44 AM ^^ Buena suerte en escuela Gonzalo. :drunk: Jajajaj ni me lo recuerdes, adiós jornadas en el foro hasta las 6 AM! jajajaja, ahora, a estudiar, NOOOOO!! jajaja Gracias de todos modos :) grg1992 March 5th, 2006, 06:44 AM ^^ Buena suerte en escuela Gonzalo. :drunk: Jajajaj ni me lo recuerdes, adiós jornadas en el foro hasta las 6 AM! jajajaja, ahora, a estudiar, NOOOOO!! jajaja Gracias de todos modos :) Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:51 AM ¿Su madre le conoce no está durmiendo? Es Sunday, March 5, 2006 at 2:49:21 AM. Tengo que ir a la iglesia mañana. :angel: Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:51 AM ¿Su madre le conoce no está durmiendo? Es Sunday, March 5, 2006 at 2:49:21 AM. Tengo que ir a la iglesia mañana. :angel: Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:06 PM Spanish: sin English: without ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: No puedo ver nada sin anteojos. English: I can't see anything without my glasses. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060226.htm Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:06 PM Spanish: sin English: without ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: No puedo ver nada sin anteojos. English: I can't see anything without my glasses. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060226.htm Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:21 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/SS00950b.jpg Photo shows a silver Conant one-peso coin, 1903. On March 2, 1903, Charles A. Conant proposed the establishment of a Philippine financial system to the United States Congress. Thus, the coins which were issued during the early American Period were called Conant coins. The Coinage Act of the Philippines, based on Conant’s recommendations, was approved by the U.S. Congress. Animo March 5th, 2006, 06:21 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/SS00950b.jpg Photo shows a silver Conant one-peso coin, 1903. On March 2, 1903, Charles A. Conant proposed the establishment of a Philippine financial system to the United States Congress. Thus, the coins which were issued during the early American Period were called Conant coins. The Coinage Act of the Philippines, based on Conant’s recommendations, was approved by the U.S. Congress. Chalaco March 5th, 2006, 07:51 PM Este sticky es lo maximo! Saludos Animo! :D Chalaco March 5th, 2006, 07:51 PM Este sticky es lo maximo! Saludos Animo! :D grg1992 March 5th, 2006, 08:28 PM ¿Su madre le conoce no está durmiendo? Es Sunday, March 5, 2006 at 2:49:21 AM. Tengo que ir a la iglesia mañana. :angel: jaja si lo sabe! y me da permiso jeje, me gusta mi madre, me deja hacer muchas cosas que a otros no jaja :D :righton: grg1992 March 5th, 2006, 08:28 PM ¿Su madre le conoce no está durmiendo? Es Sunday, March 5, 2006 at 2:49:21 AM. Tengo que ir a la iglesia mañana. :angel: jaja si lo sabe! y me da permiso jeje, me gusta mi madre, me deja hacer muchas cosas que a otros no jaja :D :righton: Animo March 5th, 2006, 11:40 PM ^^ Wow, tú tiene una madre liberal. ¿Es tú un único hijo? ¡Hola Chalaco! :) Animo March 5th, 2006, 11:40 PM ^^ Wow, tú tiene una madre liberal. ¿Es tú un único hijo? ¡Hola Chalaco! :) drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 12:47 AM [QUOTE=Askal82]Mis fotos sobre la vacacion en la isla Boracay del Filipinas. :) http://i25.photobucket.com/albums/c60/Askal82/boracay212.jpg http://i25.photobucket.com/albums/c60/Askal82/Boracay24.jpg Cuando estuviste en Boracay, Luis? Que arena finisima tiene esa playa! Me da ganas de regresar en Filipinas. :) drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 12:47 AM [QUOTE=Askal82]Mis fotos sobre la vacacion en la isla Boracay del Filipinas. :) http://i25.photobucket.com/albums/c60/Askal82/boracay212.jpg http://i25.photobucket.com/albums/c60/Askal82/Boracay24.jpg Cuando estuviste en Boracay, Luis? Que arena finisima tiene esa playa! Me da ganas de regresar en Filipinas. :) drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 12:52 AM Mi perro askal (significan el perro callejero) - as (aso) (perro) kal (kalye) (callejero) http://i25.photobucket.com/albums/c60/Askal82/3487392750080l.jpg :lol: Wow, eso es el famoso askal jeje ...que raza de perro es? Me parece un pequeno Dobermann. Me gustaria comprar un Bull Terrier, si no, un pastor aleman que son perros muy inteligentes. :) drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 12:52 AM Mi perro askal (significan el perro callejero) - as (aso) (perro) kal (kalye) (callejero) http://i25.photobucket.com/albums/c60/Askal82/3487392750080l.jpg :lol: Wow, eso es el famoso askal jeje ...que raza de perro es? Me parece un pequeno Dobermann. Me gustaria comprar un Bull Terrier, si no, un pastor aleman que son perros muy inteligentes. :) drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 01:03 AM Wow! El metro del Santiago, Chile es mas limpio que en el Nueva York. Aqui, vera las ratas por todas las partes. Gracias grg. :lol: Estoy de acuerdo...es muy impresionante! :eek2: En el metro de Londres no esta tan limpio. :hahaha: drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 01:03 AM Wow! El metro del Santiago, Chile es mas limpio que en el Nueva York. Aqui, vera las ratas por todas las partes. Gracias grg. :lol: Estoy de acuerdo...es muy impresionante! :eek2: En el metro de Londres no esta tan limpio. :hahaha: Askal82 March 6th, 2006, 01:17 AM [QUOTE=Askal82]Mis fotos sobre la vacacion en la isla Boracay del Filipinas. :) Cuando estuviste en Boracay, Luis? Que arena finisima tiene esa playa! Me da ganas de regresar en Filipinas. :) Junio hasta Julio 2004 :) Sobre el askal: No, No sabe como la raza de mi perro. Mi tio me lo dio antes antes de que él se fuera para Alemania pero una despues un mes, fui detras aqui. :( Mi tía está tomando el cuidado de él. :) Askal82 March 6th, 2006, 01:17 AM [QUOTE=Askal82]Mis fotos sobre la vacacion en la isla Boracay del Filipinas. :) Cuando estuviste en Boracay, Luis? Que arena finisima tiene esa playa! Me da ganas de regresar en Filipinas. :) Junio hasta Julio 2004 :) Sobre el askal: No, No sabe como la raza de mi perro. Mi tio me lo dio antes antes de que él se fuera para Alemania pero una despues un mes, fui detras aqui. :( Mi tía está tomando el cuidado de él. :) Askal82 March 6th, 2006, 01:20 AM Estoy de acuerdo...es muy impresionante! :eek2: En el metro de Londres no esta tan limpio. :hahaha: He esta el 'underground' en Londres tambien en 2000. Confíeme, él es un parque comparado a Nueva York. :lol: Askal82 March 6th, 2006, 01:20 AM Estoy de acuerdo...es muy impresionante! :eek2: En el metro de Londres no esta tan limpio. :hahaha: He esta el 'underground' en Londres tambien en 2000. Confíeme, él es un parque comparado a Nueva York. :lol: drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 01:29 AM Pues, en Londres ahora estan haciendo esfuerzos para el remozamiento del entero metro...quiza podamos ver una verdadera mejora de la red antes de los juegos olimpicos en 2012. :) drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 01:29 AM Pues, en Londres ahora estan haciendo esfuerzos para el remozamiento del entero metro...quiza podamos ver una verdadera mejora de la red antes de los juegos olimpicos en 2012. :) drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 01:32 AM [QUOTE=Askal82][QUOTE=drfeelgood17] Junio hasta Julio 2004 :) Entonces tuviste mucha suerte por lo que concierne el tiempo....ya que estuviste en la estacion del monzon....por lo que veo hizo buen tiempo! :) drfeelgood17 March 6th, 2006, 01:32 AM [QUOTE=Askal82][QUOTE=drfeelgood17] Junio hasta Julio 2004 :) Entonces tuviste mucha suerte por lo que concierne el tiempo....ya que estuviste en la estacion del monzon....por lo que veo hizo buen tiempo! :) Askal82 March 6th, 2006, 01:41 AM [QUOTE=Askal82][QUOTE=drfeelgood17] Junio hasta Julio 2004 :) Entonces tuviste mucha suerte por lo que concierne el tiempo....ya que estuviste en la estacion del monzon....por lo que veo hizo buen tiempo! :) Actually, its about time a typhoon hit that place after we left. It was a close call. :lol: Askal82 March 6th, 2006, 01:41 AM [QUOTE=Askal82][QUOTE=drfeelgood17] Junio hasta Julio 2004 :) Entonces tuviste mucha suerte por lo que concierne el tiempo....ya que estuviste en la estacion del monzon....por lo que veo hizo buen tiempo! :) Actually, its about time a typhoon hit that place after we left. It was a close call. :lol: Askal82 March 6th, 2006, 01:48 AM Pues, en Londres ahora estan haciendo esfuerzos para el remozamiento del entero metro...quiza podamos ver una verdadera mejora de la red antes de los juegos olimpicos en 2012. :) Las Olimpiadas de Londres siguen siendo lejanas pero es bueno que estan preparando en el presente. Askal82 March 6th, 2006, 01:48 AM Pues, en Londres ahora estan haciendo esfuerzos para el remozamiento del entero metro...quiza podamos ver una verdadera mejora de la red antes de los juegos olimpicos en 2012. :) Las Olimpiadas de Londres siguen siendo lejanas pero es bueno que estan preparando en el presente. Animo March 6th, 2006, 08:15 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/FP00102b.jpg Juan de Salcedo was one of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi's men who helped conquer the islands and establish Spanish sovereignty in the Philippines in 1564. He died at the age of twenty-seven in Ilocos Sur on March 11, 1576. Animo March 6th, 2006, 08:15 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/FP00102b.jpg Juan de Salcedo was one of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi's men who helped conquer the islands and establish Spanish sovereignty in the Philippines in 1564. He died at the age of twenty-seven in Ilocos Sur on March 11, 1576. Animo March 6th, 2006, 08:16 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/AR00244b.jpg Photo shows the main entrance to the fort, with a bas-relief of Santiago de Compostela on top, the apostle whom it was named after, circa 1898. Fort Santiago was declared a national shrine on March 6, 1951. The Spaniards built the old fortress on the ruins of Soliman’s kingdom and called it Fuerza de Santiago. It was used as a prison during the Spanish Period and Japanese Occupation. At present, one part of the Fort houses the Rizal Shrine which contains memorabilia of the national hero. Animo March 6th, 2006, 08:16 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/AR00244b.jpg Photo shows the main entrance to the fort, with a bas-relief of Santiago de Compostela on top, the apostle whom it was named after, circa 1898. Fort Santiago was declared a national shrine on March 6, 1951. The Spaniards built the old fortress on the ruins of Soliman’s kingdom and called it Fuerza de Santiago. It was used as a prison during the Spanish Period and Japanese Occupation. At present, one part of the Fort houses the Rizal Shrine which contains memorabilia of the national hero. Animo March 6th, 2006, 08:18 AM Spanish: calle English: street ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: Me gustaría ir a la calle Princesa. English: I would like to go to Princesa Street. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060306.htm Animo March 6th, 2006, 08:18 AM Spanish: calle English: street ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: Me gustaría ir a la calle Princesa. English: I would like to go to Princesa Street. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060306.htm Animo March 6th, 2006, 09:09 AM Cuando la nomenclatura franquista de muchas de las calles de España ha sido casi erradicada, sorprende encontrar en Manila, la antigua capital del Imperio español en Asia, un distrito dedicado a algunos de los militares que apoyaron la sublevación de Francisco Franco. Los manileños también descubrieron hace unos días con sorpresa en un artículo de prensa que los apellidos como Mola, Moscardó y Yagüe que bautizan esas calles no corresponden a próceres filipinos, sino a destacados estrategas del bando de Franco durante la Guerra Civil española. El callejero franquista de Pasongtamo, nombre de un popular distrito, se completa con calles dedicadas a oficiales como Barrón, Aranda, Dávila, Solchaga, Cabanellas o Goded, todos ellos veteranos de la guerra de Marruecos y luego protagonistas de la rebelión contra la República. Pero tampoco faltan políticos de gran peso en esa época como José Antonio Primo de Rivera, el fundador de la Falange, o José Calvo Sotelo, el líder de la derecha cuyo asesinato propició el inmediato alzamiento del general Franco. El artículo en cuestión no aclara las razones por la que esos apellidos pasaron a formar parte de la Manila Metropolitana, aunque sugiere que fue una iniciativa de la comunidad española de Filipinas, la cual se pronunció a favor de Franco nada más comenzar la contienda. 'De todas las colonias de emigrantes españoles en el exterior, la de Filipinas fue la que apoyó de forma más mayoritaria a Franco', dijo a EFE el historiador Florentino Rodao, autor del libro 'Franco y el Imperio Japonés'. Rodao, profesor en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, añadió que parte de ese apoyo se tradujo en el envío al frente de voluntarios reclutados por la española Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas. 'Tabacalera pagó a muchos de sus operarios los pasajes a España', comentó Rodao, que aclaró que en las brigadas de voluntarios también había miembros de la viejas familias de la oligarquía española que seguían conservando su poder en Filipinas. Según el historiador, familias como los Soriano, Elizalde o los Zobel de Ayala, aún hoy uno de los clanes financieros más influyentes de Filipinas, se alinearon con Franco prestándole su influencia política y sus resortes económicos. Rodao también subrayó la importancia de la Falange Exterior en Filipinas durante el tiempo de la Guerra Civil y las fricciones que su discurso anticapitalista provocaron en una oligarquía a la que asustaron esos impulsos revolucionarios. 'El conflicto que hubo en Filipinas entre falangistas y conservadores acabó siendo parecido al de comunistas contra anarquistas en la España republicana', apuntó Rodao. La Iglesia Católica filipina también se posicionó a favor de Franco de la mano del Arzobispo de Manila, Michael O'Doherty, y del dominico español Silvestre Sancho, que nombró al militar gallego 'Rector Magnificus' de la Universidad de Santo Tomás. Sancho celebró misas en Manila por la memoria de José Antonio Primo de Rivera, a quien además de la calle en Pasongtamo le unían con Filipinas lazos familiares. Su padre, el dictador Miguel Primo de Rivera, y un tío de este, Fernando Primo de Rivera, habían participado en la guerra que enfrentó a los independentistas filipinos con la vieja metrópolis. Además, Benito Antón, uno de los jueces del tribunal que condenó a muerte al líder de la Falange, se exilió a Filipinas acabada la guerra civil española. Pero quien conservaba vínculos más fuertes con Filipinas era el propio general Franco, que sin disponer de calle en Manila parece que tenía un hermanastro en el archipiélago. De acuerdo con algunas biografías, Nicolas Franco, el padre del dictador, mantuvo en Filipinas, donde sirvió un tiempo, una relación extramatrimonial con Concepción Puey, de la que nació Eugenio Franco Puey, luego topógrafo en Madrid. Terra Actualidad - EFE http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/manila_franquismo_tiene_nombres_calles_686835.htm Animo March 6th, 2006, 09:09 AM Cuando la nomenclatura franquista de muchas de las calles de España ha sido casi erradicada, sorprende encontrar en Manila, la antigua capital del Imperio español en Asia, un distrito dedicado a algunos de los militares que apoyaron la sublevación de Francisco Franco. Los manileños también descubrieron hace unos días con sorpresa en un artículo de prensa que los apellidos como Mola, Moscardó y Yagüe que bautizan esas calles no corresponden a próceres filipinos, sino a destacados estrategas del bando de Franco durante la Guerra Civil española. El callejero franquista de Pasongtamo, nombre de un popular distrito, se completa con calles dedicadas a oficiales como Barrón, Aranda, Dávila, Solchaga, Cabanellas o Goded, todos ellos veteranos de la guerra de Marruecos y luego protagonistas de la rebelión contra la República. Pero tampoco faltan políticos de gran peso en esa época como José Antonio Primo de Rivera, el fundador de la Falange, o José Calvo Sotelo, el líder de la derecha cuyo asesinato propició el inmediato alzamiento del general Franco. El artículo en cuestión no aclara las razones por la que esos apellidos pasaron a formar parte de la Manila Metropolitana, aunque sugiere que fue una iniciativa de la comunidad española de Filipinas, la cual se pronunció a favor de Franco nada más comenzar la contienda. 'De todas las colonias de emigrantes españoles en el exterior, la de Filipinas fue la que apoyó de forma más mayoritaria a Franco', dijo a EFE el historiador Florentino Rodao, autor del libro 'Franco y el Imperio Japonés'. Rodao, profesor en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, añadió que parte de ese apoyo se tradujo en el envío al frente de voluntarios reclutados por la española Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas. 'Tabacalera pagó a muchos de sus operarios los pasajes a España', comentó Rodao, que aclaró que en las brigadas de voluntarios también había miembros de la viejas familias de la oligarquía española que seguían conservando su poder en Filipinas. Según el historiador, familias como los Soriano, Elizalde o los Zobel de Ayala, aún hoy uno de los clanes financieros más influyentes de Filipinas, se alinearon con Franco prestándole su influencia política y sus resortes económicos. Rodao también subrayó la importancia de la Falange Exterior en Filipinas durante el tiempo de la Guerra Civil y las fricciones que su discurso anticapitalista provocaron en una oligarquía a la que asustaron esos impulsos revolucionarios. 'El conflicto que hubo en Filipinas entre falangistas y conservadores acabó siendo parecido al de comunistas contra anarquistas en la España republicana', apuntó Rodao. La Iglesia Católica filipina también se posicionó a favor de Franco de la mano del Arzobispo de Manila, Michael O'Doherty, y del dominico español Silvestre Sancho, que nombró al militar gallego 'Rector Magnificus' de la Universidad de Santo Tomás. Sancho celebró misas en Manila por la memoria de José Antonio Primo de Rivera, a quien además de la calle en Pasongtamo le unían con Filipinas lazos familiares. Su padre, el dictador Miguel Primo de Rivera, y un tío de este, Fernando Primo de Rivera, habían participado en la guerra que enfrentó a los independentistas filipinos con la vieja metrópolis. Además, Benito Antón, uno de los jueces del tribunal que condenó a muerte al líder de la Falange, se exilió a Filipinas acabada la guerra civil española. Pero quien conservaba vínculos más fuertes con Filipinas era el propio general Franco, que sin disponer de calle en Manila parece que tenía un hermanastro en el archipiélago. De acuerdo con algunas biografías, Nicolas Franco, el padre del dictador, mantuvo en Filipinas, donde sirvió un tiempo, una relación extramatrimonial con Concepción Puey, de la que nació Eugenio Franco Puey, luego topógrafo en Madrid. Terra Actualidad - EFE http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/manila_franquismo_tiene_nombres_calles_686835.htm Animo March 6th, 2006, 09:22 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/659-200x200.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/bck.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/agimenez.jpg Tabaqueria de Filipinas, Inc. was founded by Gabriel G. Ripoll Jr. in July, 1993. It is the largest cigar manufacturing company in the Philippines today. Before this, Mr. Ripoll had been General Manager of the oldest cigar manufacturing company in the Philippines for almost 30 years when he decided strike out on his own. Tabaqueria de Filipinas started out with 15 employees and produced cigars in small residential unit in Metro Manila. The company sold 30,000 cigars that year in both domestic and export markets. Over the years, the company experienced much growth in personnel, production and sales. In Feb 1998, the company the factory and staff of 215 employees to it’s present location; a 1000 sq. meter plant in Bacoor, Cavite. Presently, 75% of the yearly production is exported worldwide while the remaining 25% is sold in the Philippines. The company sold 4 million cigars in the year 2000. Tabaqueria de Filipinas produces three cigar brands, Flor de Filipinas, Independencia 1989, and Antonio Gimenez. All of which are 100% Hand-Made, Premium Philippine Cigars using only the best Philippine Tobacco. The company also produces many third party labels for several clients around the world. Gabriel Ripoll, Jr., now joined by his two sons, Tirso (Marketing Manager) and Roman (Sales Manager) supported with Atanor Ltd.and Mr. Miler as fxclusive distributor for Europe, is continuing Tabaqueria de Filipinas’ mission to firmly establish the Philippine Cigar as one of thr best Cigars in the world. Animo March 6th, 2006, 09:22 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/659-200x200.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/bck.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/agimenez.jpg Tabaqueria de Filipinas, Inc. was founded by Gabriel G. Ripoll Jr. in July, 1993. It is the largest cigar manufacturing company in the Philippines today. Before this, Mr. Ripoll had been General Manager of the oldest cigar manufacturing company in the Philippines for almost 30 years when he decided strike out on his own. Tabaqueria de Filipinas started out with 15 employees and produced cigars in small residential unit in Metro Manila. The company sold 30,000 cigars that year in both domestic and export markets. Over the years, the company experienced much growth in personnel, production and sales. In Feb 1998, the company the factory and staff of 215 employees to it’s present location; a 1000 sq. meter plant in Bacoor, Cavite. Presently, 75% of the yearly production is exported worldwide while the remaining 25% is sold in the Philippines. The company sold 4 million cigars in the year 2000. Tabaqueria de Filipinas produces three cigar brands, Flor de Filipinas, Independencia 1989, and Antonio Gimenez. All of which are 100% Hand-Made, Premium Philippine Cigars using only the best Philippine Tobacco. The company also produces many third party labels for several clients around the world. Gabriel Ripoll, Jr., now joined by his two sons, Tirso (Marketing Manager) and Roman (Sales Manager) supported with Atanor Ltd.and Mr. Miler as fxclusive distributor for Europe, is continuing Tabaqueria de Filipinas’ mission to firmly establish the Philippine Cigar as one of thr best Cigars in the world. Animo March 6th, 2006, 09:28 AM Following the success of the Philippine Cigar Night held last year, the Philippine Embassy in Brussels, led by Ambassador Clemencio F. Montesa, participated in the 10th anniversary of the Dendermonde Cigar Club, the biggest and most prominent group of tobacco connoisseurs in Belgium, held on 12 October 2002. Some 250 people were present to sample cigars from top tobacco companies in the world. Once again, the Philippine Embassy had the opportunity of introducing high-end Philippine hand-made cigars to the participants. "Don Juan Urquijo" and "Antonio Gimenez" from La Flor de la Isabela provided samples of Don Urquijo churchhills, coronas, pyramids and robustos, while Tabaqueria de Filipinas gave samples of Antonio Gimenez coronas. Most, if not all the participants to the event were aware of the excellent international ranking of the aforementioned cigars, which made the Philippine cigar booth a crowd favorite. Representatives from leading cigar clubs from Spain, The Netherlands, and Belgium, notably Tabacofina-Vander Elst, Vantas (The Netherlands), Condal & Penamil House (a Spanish company based in the Canary Islands), and Davidoff (Denmark) also attended the event. http://www.dfa.gov.ph/news/pr/pr2002/oct/pr237.htm Animo March 6th, 2006, 09:28 AM Following the success of the Philippine Cigar Night held last year, the Philippine Embassy in Brussels, led by Ambassador Clemencio F. Montesa, participated in the 10th anniversary of the Dendermonde Cigar Club, the biggest and most prominent group of tobacco connoisseurs in Belgium, held on 12 October 2002. Some 250 people were present to sample cigars from top tobacco companies in the world. Once again, the Philippine Embassy had the opportunity of introducing high-end Philippine hand-made cigars to the participants. "Don Juan Urquijo" and "Antonio Gimenez" from La Flor de la Isabela provided samples of Don Urquijo churchhills, coronas, pyramids and robustos, while Tabaqueria de Filipinas gave samples of Antonio Gimenez coronas. Most, if not all the participants to the event were aware of the excellent international ranking of the aforementioned cigars, which made the Philippine cigar booth a crowd favorite. Representatives from leading cigar clubs from Spain, The Netherlands, and Belgium, notably Tabacofina-Vander Elst, Vantas (The Netherlands), Condal & Penamil House (a Spanish company based in the Canary Islands), and Davidoff (Denmark) also attended the event. http://www.dfa.gov.ph/news/pr/pr2002/oct/pr237.htm Animo March 7th, 2006, 12:17 AM by Rosanne Rutten, University of Amsterdam (This is an elaborated version of a paper written for the roundtable on The Current State of Philippine Studies Internationally, 5th International Philippine Studies Conference, Hawaii, April 1996. Reprinted with thanks from the PSG/ASS (USA) Newsletter, June 1997). During the last two decades, Philippine studies in Europe experienc-ed a dynamic expansion. A sign of this healthy state of affairs is the periodic European Conference on Philippine studies. After several workshops in Germany, the first European conference was held in 1991 in the Netherlands, hosted by the Center for Asian Studies in Amsterdam, with 50 participants from Europe and the Philippines. The second conference was held in 1994 at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London, with some 70 scholars attending. And in April 1997 the 3rd conference was held in France, hosted by the Institute of Research on Southeast Asia in Aix-en Provence. Recently, there has also been a tremendous increase in the number of publications about the Philippines. In this article I present an overview of the state of Philippine studies in Europe. I contacted as many Filipinists as possible to get information on the kinds of research activities individual scholars as well as institutions have been involved in. Although the information presented here is far from complete, it allows us to identify a number of important issues and themes common in these studies. Colonial history. Major historical studies of colonial history are undertaken in Spain, where rich colonial and Church archives are located. Some scholars speak of a renewal of interest in Philippine studies there following the founding of the Spanish Association for Pacific Studies in Madrid in 1988 which gave Philippine studies a prominent place. Two current areas of interest stand out: the Spanish colonial presence in the Philippines and the history of Christianization and the religious orders. The church history is primarily written by members of the religious orders themselves, particularly the Augustinians, Franciscans and Dominic-ans, who are considered the most prolific writers. For instance, a six volume history of the Augustinian order in the Philippines was recently published under the supervision of the archivist at the Convento de Agustinos in Valladolid. Scholars at the universities of Cordova, Madrid and Barcelona are working on the socio-economic and political aspects of the Spanish colonial presence in the Philippines. The leading researcher in the field of colonial history is Maria Lourdes Diaz-Trechuelo, whose works have influenc-ed many of her students. The focus of many recent publications on this subject include the Manila Galleon, 18th century commercial politics, Spanish investments in the islands, the opium monopoly of the late 19th century, and the colonial postal service. In Barcelona, several historians are also working with the archives of Tabacalera which are held there. In the socio-political field, many recent studies deal with such issues as the Spanish army in the Philippines, the encomienda, the image that Spanish chroniclers held of indigenous peoples, and the conflict relationship between the indigenous upper-class, Spanish parish priests, and provincial governors in the 19th century. Much has also been written about scientific expeditions to the Philippines, part-icularly the Malaspina Expedition of the late 18th century. In addition, there is a growing interest in the Spanish presence of the 20th century, especially on the Spanish community in the 1930s and 1940s and the decline of hispanic elements in Filipino culture, including the Spanish language. Several bibliographies of Spanish publications on the Philippines as well as overviews of Spanish documentary sources available on the Philippines in archives in Spain have been complied. One current project involves micro-filming the documents in the National Archives in Manila that are related to the Spanish period. Maria Belen Banas (Center of Historical Studies, Madrid) is now in Manila undertaking 2 years of research for this project. Finally, plans are underway to translate Spanish historical works into English. The first publication to be translated is El Extremo Oriente Iberico, which gives an overview of documentation on the Philippines in the Spanish archives and the state of the arts on a variety of topics. http://filipinokastila.tripod.com/biblio.html Animo March 7th, 2006, 12:17 AM by Rosanne Rutten, University of Amsterdam (This is an elaborated version of a paper written for the roundtable on The Current State of Philippine Studies Internationally, 5th International Philippine Studies Conference, Hawaii, April 1996. Reprinted with thanks from the PSG/ASS (USA) Newsletter, June 1997). During the last two decades, Philippine studies in Europe experienc-ed a dynamic expansion. A sign of this healthy state of affairs is the periodic European Conference on Philippine studies. After several workshops in Germany, the first European conference was held in 1991 in the Netherlands, hosted by the Center for Asian Studies in Amsterdam, with 50 participants from Europe and the Philippines. The second conference was held in 1994 at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London, with some 70 scholars attending. And in April 1997 the 3rd conference was held in France, hosted by the Institute of Research on Southeast Asia in Aix-en Provence. Recently, there has also been a tremendous increase in the number of publications about the Philippines. In this article I present an overview of the state of Philippine studies in Europe. I contacted as many Filipinists as possible to get information on the kinds of research activities individual scholars as well as institutions have been involved in. Although the information presented here is far from complete, it allows us to identify a number of important issues and themes common in these studies. Colonial history. Major historical studies of colonial history are undertaken in Spain, where rich colonial and Church archives are located. Some scholars speak of a renewal of interest in Philippine studies there following the founding of the Spanish Association for Pacific Studies in Madrid in 1988 which gave Philippine studies a prominent place. Two current areas of interest stand out: the Spanish colonial presence in the Philippines and the history of Christianization and the religious orders. The church history is primarily written by members of the religious orders themselves, particularly the Augustinians, Franciscans and Dominic-ans, who are considered the most prolific writers. For instance, a six volume history of the Augustinian order in the Philippines was recently published under the supervision of the archivist at the Convento de Agustinos in Valladolid. Scholars at the universities of Cordova, Madrid and Barcelona are working on the socio-economic and political aspects of the Spanish colonial presence in the Philippines. The leading researcher in the field of colonial history is Maria Lourdes Diaz-Trechuelo, whose works have influenc-ed many of her students. The focus of many recent publications on this subject include the Manila Galleon, 18th century commercial politics, Spanish investments in the islands, the opium monopoly of the late 19th century, and the colonial postal service. In Barcelona, several historians are also working with the archives of Tabacalera which are held there. In the socio-political field, many recent studies deal with such issues as the Spanish army in the Philippines, the encomienda, the image that Spanish chroniclers held of indigenous peoples, and the conflict relationship between the indigenous upper-class, Spanish parish priests, and provincial governors in the 19th century. Much has also been written about scientific expeditions to the Philippines, part-icularly the Malaspina Expedition of the late 18th century. In addition, there is a growing interest in the Spanish presence of the 20th century, especially on the Spanish community in the 1930s and 1940s and the decline of hispanic elements in Filipino culture, including the Spanish language. Several bibliographies of Spanish publications on the Philippines as well as overviews of Spanish documentary sources available on the Philippines in archives in Spain have been complied. One current project involves micro-filming the documents in the National Archives in Manila that are related to the Spanish period. Maria Belen Banas (Center of Historical Studies, Madrid) is now in Manila undertaking 2 years of research for this project. Finally, plans are underway to translate Spanish historical works into English. The first publication to be translated is El Extremo Oriente Iberico, which gives an overview of documentation on the Philippines in the Spanish archives and the state of the arts on a variety of topics. http://filipinokastila.tripod.com/biblio.html Animo March 7th, 2006, 12:18 AM An excellent overview of historical resources on the Philippines was written by Luis Angel Sanchez Gomez in an article, Recent Philippine Historical Studies in Spain, Asian Research Trends: A Humanities and Social Science Review (Tokyo), #5 (1995), pp. 1-23. Among the works listed in Gomez's overview are the following: Abarran Gonzalez, Benigno. 1992. Los Espanoles y las vias de comunicacion entre los diversos pueblos de Pangasinan, Filipinas. Estudios Humanisticos: Geografria, Historia, Arte 14: 41-50. Alia Plana, Jesus Maria. 1993. El ejercito espanol en Filipinas: El periodo romatico. Madrid: Taba Press. Andres Martin, M. 1993. Misioneros extremenos en Hispanoamerica y Filipinas: Diccionario biografico y bibliografico. Madrid. Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos. Banas Llanos. Belen. 1992. Algunas noticias de la Expedicion Malaspina en Filipinis. 1792. Revista de Indias 195-96: 251-270. Borges Moran, P. dir. 1992. Historia de la Iglesia en Hispanoamerica y Filipinas (Siglos XVI-XIX). 2. Vols. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, Estudio Teologico de San Ildefonso de Toledo. Cabrero, Leoncio. 1991. La creacion de instituciones benificas filipinas: El Monte de Piedad, de Manila. Revista Espanola del Pacifico 1: 89-94. Castro, M. De. 1991. Franciscanos residentes en Filipinas at sobrevenir la revolucion de 1898. Archivo Ibero-Americano 38: 217-319. Cosano Moyano, Jose. 1990. Una vision de Filipinas en el Reinado de Carlos III. Cordoba: Real Academia de Ciencias, bellas Artes y Nobles Artes. Cuesta Garcia, Antonio. 1993. El servicio postal espanol en Filipinas. I, Descubrimiento Primera emision (1565-1854). Revisia Espanola del Pacifico 3: 75-84. Diaz-Trechuelo, L. 1993. Un gran hispanista filipino: Alfonso Felix, Jr. Revista Espanola del Pacifico 3: 157-66. Diaz-Trechuelo, Lourdes, A. F. Garcia-Abasolo, A. M. Prieto Lucena, and M. M. Manchado Lopez. 1989. Bibliografia espanola sobre Filipinas en el siglo XX. In: Solano et al. 1989. El Extremo Oriente Iberico. Foronda, Marcelino A. Jr., and Conelio R. Bascara 1992. Manila. Madrid: Mapfre. Franco Castanon, Hermenegildo. 1994. La Marina en Filipinas (I). El apostadero de Filipinas. Revista de Historia Naval 44: 61-73. Gamella, Juan F., and Elisa Martin. 1992. Las rentas de anfion: El monopolio espanol del opio en Filipinas (1884-1898). Revista de Indias: 194: 61-106. Garcia-Abasolo Gonzalez, Antonio. 1992. La vida y la muerte en Indias: Cordobeses en America (siglos XVI-XVII). Cordoba: Monte de Piedad y Caja de Ahorros de Cordoba. Gutierrez, Lucio. 1992. Historia de la Iglesia en Filipinas (1565-1900). Madrid: Mapfre. Homs i Guzman, A. 1990. Sinibaldo de Mas. Barcelona: Caixa de Barcelona. Martinez Cuesti, Angel. 1989. Los archivos de la orden de Agustinos Recoletos. In El Extremo Oriente Iberico, ed. by Solano et al. Medina, Jose. 1993 (1896). La imprenta en Manila: Desde sus origenes hasta 1810. Valencia: Librenas "Paris-Valencia". Molina, Antonio. M. 1992. America en Filipinas. Madrid: Mapfre. Ortiz Armengol, Pedro. 1992. Pasyon filipina del hermano Pule. Madrid: Ediciones Otero. Prieto Lucena, Ana. 1993. El contacto hispano-indigena en Filipinas segun la historiografia de los siglos XVI y XVII. Cordoba: Universidad de Cordoba. Rodao Garcia, Florentino, ed. 1989. Estudios sobre Filipinas y las Islas del Pacifico. Madrid: Asociacion Espanola de estudios del Pacifico. Rodao Garcia, Florentino. 1993. Falange en extremo Oriente, 1936-1945. Revista Espanola del Pacifico 3: 85-111. Rodriguez, Isacio, and Jesus Alvarez Fernandez. 1993-94. Historia de la provincia agustiniana del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus de Filipinas. Vols, 5-6. Valladolid: Estudio Agustiniano. Sanchez Gomez, L. 1991. Las princ-ipalias indigenas y la adminstracion espanola en Filipinas. Madrid. Universidad Complutense. Solano, Francisco de, Florentino Rodao, arid Luis E. Togores, eds, 1989. El Extremo Oriente Iberico: Investigaciones historicas: metodologia y estado de la cuestion. Madrid: Agencia Espanola de Cooperacion internacional, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas. Animo March 7th, 2006, 12:18 AM An excellent overview of historical resources on the Philippines was written by Luis Angel Sanchez Gomez in an article, Recent Philippine Historical Studies in Spain, Asian Research Trends: A Humanities and Social Science Review (Tokyo), #5 (1995), pp. 1-23. Among the works listed in Gomez's overview are the following: Abarran Gonzalez, Benigno. 1992. Los Espanoles y las vias de comunicacion entre los diversos pueblos de Pangasinan, Filipinas. Estudios Humanisticos: Geografria, Historia, Arte 14: 41-50. Alia Plana, Jesus Maria. 1993. El ejercito espanol en Filipinas: El periodo romatico. Madrid: Taba Press. Andres Martin, M. 1993. Misioneros extremenos en Hispanoamerica y Filipinas: Diccionario biografico y bibliografico. Madrid. Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos. Banas Llanos. Belen. 1992. Algunas noticias de la Expedicion Malaspina en Filipinis. 1792. Revista de Indias 195-96: 251-270. Borges Moran, P. dir. 1992. Historia de la Iglesia en Hispanoamerica y Filipinas (Siglos XVI-XIX). 2. Vols. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, Estudio Teologico de San Ildefonso de Toledo. Cabrero, Leoncio. 1991. La creacion de instituciones benificas filipinas: El Monte de Piedad, de Manila. Revista Espanola del Pacifico 1: 89-94. Castro, M. De. 1991. Franciscanos residentes en Filipinas at sobrevenir la revolucion de 1898. Archivo Ibero-Americano 38: 217-319. Cosano Moyano, Jose. 1990. Una vision de Filipinas en el Reinado de Carlos III. Cordoba: Real Academia de Ciencias, bellas Artes y Nobles Artes. Cuesta Garcia, Antonio. 1993. El servicio postal espanol en Filipinas. I, Descubrimiento Primera emision (1565-1854). Revisia Espanola del Pacifico 3: 75-84. Diaz-Trechuelo, L. 1993. Un gran hispanista filipino: Alfonso Felix, Jr. Revista Espanola del Pacifico 3: 157-66. Diaz-Trechuelo, Lourdes, A. F. Garcia-Abasolo, A. M. Prieto Lucena, and M. M. Manchado Lopez. 1989. Bibliografia espanola sobre Filipinas en el siglo XX. In: Solano et al. 1989. El Extremo Oriente Iberico. Foronda, Marcelino A. Jr., and Conelio R. Bascara 1992. Manila. Madrid: Mapfre. Franco Castanon, Hermenegildo. 1994. La Marina en Filipinas (I). El apostadero de Filipinas. Revista de Historia Naval 44: 61-73. Gamella, Juan F., and Elisa Martin. 1992. Las rentas de anfion: El monopolio espanol del opio en Filipinas (1884-1898). Revista de Indias: 194: 61-106. Garcia-Abasolo Gonzalez, Antonio. 1992. La vida y la muerte en Indias: Cordobeses en America (siglos XVI-XVII). Cordoba: Monte de Piedad y Caja de Ahorros de Cordoba. Gutierrez, Lucio. 1992. Historia de la Iglesia en Filipinas (1565-1900). Madrid: Mapfre. Homs i Guzman, A. 1990. Sinibaldo de Mas. Barcelona: Caixa de Barcelona. Martinez Cuesti, Angel. 1989. Los archivos de la orden de Agustinos Recoletos. In El Extremo Oriente Iberico, ed. by Solano et al. Medina, Jose. 1993 (1896). La imprenta en Manila: Desde sus origenes hasta 1810. Valencia: Librenas "Paris-Valencia". Molina, Antonio. M. 1992. America en Filipinas. Madrid: Mapfre. Ortiz Armengol, Pedro. 1992. Pasyon filipina del hermano Pule. Madrid: Ediciones Otero. Prieto Lucena, Ana. 1993. El contacto hispano-indigena en Filipinas segun la historiografia de los siglos XVI y XVII. Cordoba: Universidad de Cordoba. Rodao Garcia, Florentino, ed. 1989. Estudios sobre Filipinas y las Islas del Pacifico. Madrid: Asociacion Espanola de estudios del Pacifico. Rodao Garcia, Florentino. 1993. Falange en extremo Oriente, 1936-1945. Revista Espanola del Pacifico 3: 85-111. Rodriguez, Isacio, and Jesus Alvarez Fernandez. 1993-94. Historia de la provincia agustiniana del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus de Filipinas. Vols, 5-6. Valladolid: Estudio Agustiniano. Sanchez Gomez, L. 1991. Las princ-ipalias indigenas y la adminstracion espanola en Filipinas. Madrid. Universidad Complutense. Solano, Francisco de, Florentino Rodao, arid Luis E. Togores, eds, 1989. El Extremo Oriente Iberico: Investigaciones historicas: metodologia y estado de la cuestion. Madrid: Agencia Espanola de Cooperacion internacional, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas. grg1992 March 7th, 2006, 12:37 AM Animo! Necesito más campaña. Mi triunfo está peligrando! grg1992 March 7th, 2006, 12:37 AM Animo! Necesito más campaña. Mi triunfo está peligrando! El Bajopontino March 7th, 2006, 06:31 AM Saludos a los amigos Filipinos desde Lima - Perú, preserven este thread, es muy interesante, una forma de acercar Filipinas a Latinoamérica, al menos en este foro. El Bajopontino March 7th, 2006, 06:31 AM Saludos a los amigos Filipinos desde Lima - Perú, preserven este thread, es muy interesante, una forma de acercar Filipinas a Latinoamérica, al menos en este foro. Animo March 7th, 2006, 07:52 AM ^^ Yo P.M. tú sobre Santa Rosa de Lima. :) http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/es1793f.gif Descripción: The ensign of the Royal Philipphines Company was basically the 1785 war ensign bearing the arms of Manila city —as shown for example at the International Civic Arms website but with an oval escutcheon, royally crowned— on the red stripe beneath the national arms on the ensign and on the yellow stripe immediately after the national arms on the pennant. Here is a scan from Pavillons des puissances maritimes 1819 [pav19] as shown in Znamierowski 1999 [zna99]. Ensign de la Guerra: 1785-1931 (España) http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/es1785w.gif Manila: http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/manilla.jpg Pavillons des puissances maritimes: 1819 http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/esrcfil.jpg Animo March 7th, 2006, 07:52 AM ^^ Yo P.M. tú sobre Santa Rosa de Lima. :) http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/es1793f.gif Descripción: The ensign of the Royal Philipphines Company was basically the 1785 war ensign bearing the arms of Manila city —as shown for example at the International Civic Arms website but with an oval escutcheon, royally crowned— on the red stripe beneath the national arms on the ensign and on the yellow stripe immediately after the national arms on the pennant. Here is a scan from Pavillons des puissances maritimes 1819 [pav19] as shown in Znamierowski 1999 [zna99]. Ensign de la Guerra: 1785-1931 (España) http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/es1785w.gif Manila: http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/manilla.jpg Pavillons des puissances maritimes: 1819 http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/esrcfil.jpg Animo March 7th, 2006, 07:55 AM Spanish: honrados English: honest ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: En general, los taxistas europeos son individuos honrados, simpáticos, y serviciales. English: On the whole, European cab drivers are honest, friendly and helpful people. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060305.htm Animo March 7th, 2006, 07:55 AM Spanish: honrados English: honest ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: En general, los taxistas europeos son individuos honrados, simpáticos, y serviciales. English: On the whole, European cab drivers are honest, friendly and helpful people. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060305.htm Animo March 7th, 2006, 07:57 AM (A panegyrical sermon) A grandiloquent sermon written by Doctor Mariano Pilapil, professor of Rhetoric of the Real Colegio del Santisimo San José de Manila, on the feast of San Pedro and San Pablo, June 29, 1796. The occasion was the solemn blessing of the reconstructed Iglesia de San Pedro de Macati which was dedicated to Nuestra Señora de la Rosa. This poetic praise to the Virgin evokes in a subtle manner, but not without the eloquence of words, the preeminence of the New Testament over the Old, for it is she who opened the gates of heaven when she became the Mother of Christ. http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/oracion.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/oracion2.jpg Animo March 7th, 2006, 07:57 AM (A panegyrical sermon) A grandiloquent sermon written by Doctor Mariano Pilapil, professor of Rhetoric of the Real Colegio del Santisimo San José de Manila, on the feast of San Pedro and San Pablo, June 29, 1796. The occasion was the solemn blessing of the reconstructed Iglesia de San Pedro de Macati which was dedicated to Nuestra Señora de la Rosa. This poetic praise to the Virgin evokes in a subtle manner, but not without the eloquence of words, the preeminence of the New Testament over the Old, for it is she who opened the gates of heaven when she became the Mother of Christ. http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/oracion.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/oracion2.jpg Animo March 7th, 2006, 08:16 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/authentic.jpg by: Fernando Nakpil Zialcita CONTENTS: Contents Introduction An Identity under Question Part I: Constructions of Community and Identity Toward a Community Broader than the Kin When was Paradise Lost? Bourgeois yet Revolutionary in 1896-1898 Part II: A New Civil Culture Emerges The Costs and Benefits of Civil Culture More Original than We Think We Are All Mestizos Part III: Identity in the Global Village As yet an Asian Flavor does not Exist Southeast Asia in a Collage References Index Cultural Identity continues to be important within and among nations. However, many Filipinos question the “authenticity” of their identity. They are uneasy about the heavy Spanish influence that came in with colonialism. They wonder if their culture is but a mixture of conflicting traditions. Moreover, they fear that the Hispanic presence seems an oddity in a Southeast Asia that defines itself as non- Western. This collection of essays offers another way to look at the encounter between the Western and the indigenous. It suggests that through a dialectical process, this encounter has generated a broader sense of community that has transcended the kin. Local genius transformed Spanish influences, even as it was itself transformed by the latter, resulting in a new culture. Finally, “Southeast Asia” is a recent construct that should be redefined to reflect the diversity of cultures present in it. On the Author Fernando Nakpil Zialcita has an M.A. in Philosophy from the Ateneo de Manila University, and an M.A. and a Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of Hawaii. Dr. Zialcita teaches at the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the Loyola Schools, Ateneo de Manila University, and eads the Cultural Heritage Studies Program at the same school. Order: Ateneo de Manila University Press: http://ateneopress.org/detail_socsci.asp?ID=111 --- Philippine Expressions Bookshop The Mail Order Bookshop dedicated to Filipino Americans in search of their roots. 2114 Trudie Drive Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90275-2006, USA Tel 310/ 514-9139 FAX 310/ 514-3485 Linda Maria Nietes e.mail: linda_nietes@sbcglobal.net 2006 marks our 22nd year of service to the Filipino community in North America. Animo March 7th, 2006, 08:16 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/authentic.jpg by: Fernando Nakpil Zialcita CONTENTS: Contents Introduction An Identity under Question Part I: Constructions of Community and Identity Toward a Community Broader than the Kin When was Paradise Lost? Bourgeois yet Revolutionary in 1896-1898 Part II: A New Civil Culture Emerges The Costs and Benefits of Civil Culture More Original than We Think We Are All Mestizos Part III: Identity in the Global Village As yet an Asian Flavor does not Exist Southeast Asia in a Collage References Index Cultural Identity continues to be important within and among nations. However, many Filipinos question the “authenticity” of their identity. They are uneasy about the heavy Spanish influence that came in with colonialism. They wonder if their culture is but a mixture of conflicting traditions. Moreover, they fear that the Hispanic presence seems an oddity in a Southeast Asia that defines itself as non- Western. This collection of essays offers another way to look at the encounter between the Western and the indigenous. It suggests that through a dialectical process, this encounter has generated a broader sense of community that has transcended the kin. Local genius transformed Spanish influences, even as it was itself transformed by the latter, resulting in a new culture. Finally, “Southeast Asia” is a recent construct that should be redefined to reflect the diversity of cultures present in it. On the Author Fernando Nakpil Zialcita has an M.A. in Philosophy from the Ateneo de Manila University, and an M.A. and a Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of Hawaii. Dr. Zialcita teaches at the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the Loyola Schools, Ateneo de Manila University, and eads the Cultural Heritage Studies Program at the same school. Order: Ateneo de Manila University Press: http://ateneopress.org/detail_socsci.asp?ID=111 --- Philippine Expressions Bookshop The Mail Order Bookshop dedicated to Filipino Americans in search of their roots. 2114 Trudie Drive Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90275-2006, USA Tel 310/ 514-9139 FAX 310/ 514-3485 Linda Maria Nietes e.mail: linda_nietes@sbcglobal.net 2006 marks our 22nd year of service to the Filipino community in North America. Animo March 7th, 2006, 09:51 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/intszulu.jpg José Clemente Zulueta On November 23, 1976, Jose Clemente Zulueta, a distinguished Filipino bibliographer, was born in Paco, Manila. His parents were not known because his mother died five days after his birth and his father, when he was still a child. He was adopted by a kindhearted couple, Agustin de la Rosa and Juliana Estrada, who gave him parental care and education. He took a course in History in the old College of San Antonio de Padua and eventually transferred to the Ateneo Municipal, where he obtained his Bachiller en Artes. He organized a study group among his friends, and every night he expounded on philosophy, arithmetic and algebra, ethics, rhetoric and poetry. He studied law at the University of Sto. Tomas and frequented the entresuelo meetings of young students in Intramuros before the revolution of 1896. Cecilio Apostol, Fernando ma. Guerrero, Rafael Palma, Jose Abreu and others also converged in his room and talked of literary and patriotic activities. In the university, he achieved literary celebrity as a weaver of exquisite Spanish verses. His poem “Afectos a la Virgen,” which Don Epifanio de los Santos highly commended for its poetical grace, was awarded 3rd prize in 1985 with a “lirio de plata” (silver lily) by the Academia Bibliografico Mariana, of Lerida Spain. It was published in Revista Catolica de Filipinas, VII, no. 5 March 1, 1986. The Revolution of 1896 to him was a laboratory for his historical theories. He wanted to observe the event from the viewpoint of both camps. He presented himself to Governor-general Camilio de Polavieja to ask permission to cross the lines of battles and witness for himself the struggle of close range. The governor general issued a pass which enabled him to move between the camps freely. He was with a caravan that trekked to the north when the Revolutionary Government was being moved to safer ground. He had lost his resolve at impartiality and now sided with the Filipino cause. He established the newspaper La Libertad, on June 20, 1898, the first number of which was dedicated to Colonel Pacheco. After its initial publication, it was stopped by the Revolutionary government and the printing press was seized. He joined the staff of La Independencia, founded by General Antonio Luna. In his writings, he used M. Kaun as penname. He resumed his studies in 1899 after the American army occupied Manila. He took the 1902 bar examination together with Manuel Quezon, Sergio Osmeña, and Juan Sumulong. Afterwards he and don Modesto Reyes established in Manila a newspaper, La Union, suppressed by General Elwell S. Otis because it was considered anti American. He joined the faculty of Liceo de Manila to teach subjects on Philippine and World History. He was librarian at the Centro Artistico and Club International which sent members on fellowship grants to the United States. The first to receive such grant was the city engineer, Santiago Artiaga. When the Philippine Commission decided to participate in the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, he was chosen to collect the art and literary materials for exhibition. When he was still with the Exposition Board, Act 688 was passed by the Philippine Commission on March 17, 1903 authorizing the appointment of collecting librarian for the Insular Government: Civil Governor Taft named him the collecting librarian. He left on April 29, 1903, for Marseilles, proceed to Barcelona and Madrid, where he presented his credentials to the American Minister in that capital. He worked in the Biblioteca Nacional and in the Museo Biblioteca de Ultramar, which had its origin from the materials exhibited during the Exposicion General de Filipinas. He discovered a rich collection of papers and documents among which gave importance to Gov. Valdez y tamon’s work on Plazas, Fuerzas Castillos y, Presidios in Philippines in 1839. He found in Biblioteca de la Real Academia de la Historia the unpublished work of Fr. Francisco Ignacio Alcina’s Relacion. At the King’s College, he saw the Vocabulario Tagalo, dated, 1585, in manuscript compiled by Fr. Domingo de los Santos, printed in Tayabas town in 1703. Zulueta came back to Manila on July 30, 1904. As required by law, he wrote a report entitled Fuentes Historicos de Filipinas in June 1904. He was one of the early Filipino historians who advocated the interpretation of t he Philippines from the Filipino point – of – view. He died in Manila on September 10, 1904, at the young age of 28. The Philippine government purchased the Zulueta collection for P17,000 from his widow Doña Paz Natividad and kept it the National Library. This priceless collection vanished in smoke during the liberation of Manila in February 1945. Animo March 7th, 2006, 09:51 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/intszulu.jpg José Clemente Zulueta On November 23, 1976, Jose Clemente Zulueta, a distinguished Filipino bibliographer, was born in Paco, Manila. His parents were not known because his mother died five days after his birth and his father, when he was still a child. He was adopted by a kindhearted couple, Agustin de la Rosa and Juliana Estrada, who gave him parental care and education. He took a course in History in the old College of San Antonio de Padua and eventually transferred to the Ateneo Municipal, where he obtained his Bachiller en Artes. He organized a study group among his friends, and every night he expounded on philosophy, arithmetic and algebra, ethics, rhetoric and poetry. He studied law at the University of Sto. Tomas and frequented the entresuelo meetings of young students in Intramuros before the revolution of 1896. Cecilio Apostol, Fernando ma. Guerrero, Rafael Palma, Jose Abreu and others also converged in his room and talked of literary and patriotic activities. In the university, he achieved literary celebrity as a weaver of exquisite Spanish verses. His poem “Afectos a la Virgen,” which Don Epifanio de los Santos highly commended for its poetical grace, was awarded 3rd prize in 1985 with a “lirio de plata” (silver lily) by the Academia Bibliografico Mariana, of Lerida Spain. It was published in Revista Catolica de Filipinas, VII, no. 5 March 1, 1986. The Revolution of 1896 to him was a laboratory for his historical theories. He wanted to observe the event from the viewpoint of both camps. He presented himself to Governor-general Camilio de Polavieja to ask permission to cross the lines of battles and witness for himself the struggle of close range. The governor general issued a pass which enabled him to move between the camps freely. He was with a caravan that trekked to the north when the Revolutionary Government was being moved to safer ground. He had lost his resolve at impartiality and now sided with the Filipino cause. He established the newspaper La Libertad, on June 20, 1898, the first number of which was dedicated to Colonel Pacheco. After its initial publication, it was stopped by the Revolutionary government and the printing press was seized. He joined the staff of La Independencia, founded by General Antonio Luna. In his writings, he used M. Kaun as penname. He resumed his studies in 1899 after the American army occupied Manila. He took the 1902 bar examination together with Manuel Quezon, Sergio Osmeña, and Juan Sumulong. Afterwards he and don Modesto Reyes established in Manila a newspaper, La Union, suppressed by General Elwell S. Otis because it was considered anti American. He joined the faculty of Liceo de Manila to teach subjects on Philippine and World History. He was librarian at the Centro Artistico and Club International which sent members on fellowship grants to the United States. The first to receive such grant was the city engineer, Santiago Artiaga. When the Philippine Commission decided to participate in the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, he was chosen to collect the art and literary materials for exhibition. When he was still with the Exposition Board, Act 688 was passed by the Philippine Commission on March 17, 1903 authorizing the appointment of collecting librarian for the Insular Government: Civil Governor Taft named him the collecting librarian. He left on April 29, 1903, for Marseilles, proceed to Barcelona and Madrid, where he presented his credentials to the American Minister in that capital. He worked in the Biblioteca Nacional and in the Museo Biblioteca de Ultramar, which had its origin from the materials exhibited during the Exposicion General de Filipinas. He discovered a rich collection of papers and documents among which gave importance to Gov. Valdez y tamon’s work on Plazas, Fuerzas Castillos y, Presidios in Philippines in 1839. He found in Biblioteca de la Real Academia de la Historia the unpublished work of Fr. Francisco Ignacio Alcina’s Relacion. At the King’s College, he saw the Vocabulario Tagalo, dated, 1585, in manuscript compiled by Fr. Domingo de los Santos, printed in Tayabas town in 1703. Zulueta came back to Manila on July 30, 1904. As required by law, he wrote a report entitled Fuentes Historicos de Filipinas in June 1904. He was one of the early Filipino historians who advocated the interpretation of t he Philippines from the Filipino point – of – view. He died in Manila on September 10, 1904, at the young age of 28. The Philippine government purchased the Zulueta collection for P17,000 from his widow Doña Paz Natividad and kept it the National Library. This priceless collection vanished in smoke during the liberation of Manila in February 1945. Animo March 7th, 2006, 11:10 PM ZAMBOANGA CITY—The Spanish government chose the Philippines as its top priority among other countries in Asia and earmarked up to 40,000,000 euro (about P2.5 billion) in grants-in-aid to be used in different developmental programs over the next four years, the Spanish envoy to the Philippines said over the weekend. Ambassador Don Ignacio Sagaz said on Saturday Spain has decided to upgrade its cooperation with the Philippines in terms of fighting poverty in the regions of Bicol, Caraga and Zamboanga City and Basilan in Western Mindanao. “In the next four years, we have contemplated 40,000,000 euro or an average of 10,000,000 euro per year as a grant to the Philippines,” Sagaz said, adding that the funds will be used to support President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo’s 10-point agenda of governance and in support for the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. For Zamboanga City alone, the Spanish government, through its Agencia Española de Cooperacion Internacional (AECI) and the Spanish nongovernment organization (NGO) Manos Unidas, granted more than P80,000,000 to the community-building programs of Katilingban Para Sa Kalambuan Inc. (KKI), a local urban poor coalition in this city headed by Claretian priest, Fr. Angel Calvo. Sagaz was the guest speaker during the joint blessing, inauguration and turnover ceremony of the Kalinaw Housing Project, the second phase of the three-phase AECI funded KKI housing program situated in the interior of Barangay Sinunuc, this city. The first phase is called Katilingban Housing Project, which was started in 2001 and serves as the home of 200 urban poor. Phase 2 will benefit 98 families. The biggest phase called the Kalambuan Housing Project will have its groundbreaking in April. Phase 3 is bigger than the first two phases together and is estimated to benefit at least another 300 urban poor families. “We are committed to give help to the people here and as you know, we are already starting with the Phase 3 of this project. It is very encouraging for us to see the people having already their own houses,” Sagaz said. “This Phase 3 will be in Barangay Caragasan and even bigger than the first two together. We are expecting this project could hold over 300 families and we have allocated of over €80,000,” Sagaz revealed. “Aside from Zamboanga City, AECI already gave grants and assistance to the agricultural projects in Caraga region, housing, health care, gender and equality programs in Ilocos, Tarlac and Pampanga,” Sagaz revealed. Sagaz was also the guest of honor during Zamboanga’s 69th charter day celebration yesterday. KKI chairman Fr. Calvo said the NGO’s housing program intends to develop communities with livelihood enterprises for its residents. “Aside from the residential houses, KKI housing program also housed a livelihood production center. It is run by the Katilingban Working Women Association, whose members come from different marginalized communities in the city. The women are trained in various production skills, and have started making herbal medicine soaps, noodles, dresses and other sewn items, preserved foodstuffs and other products,” Calvo added. “This is to finally lift the local residents out of poverty,” Calvo said, adding that the road to economic emancipation begins by eliminating poverty in attitudes and values of the people. Animo March 7th, 2006, 11:10 PM ZAMBOANGA CITY—The Spanish government chose the Philippines as its top priority among other countries in Asia and earmarked up to 40,000,000 euro (about P2.5 billion) in grants-in-aid to be used in different developmental programs over the next four years, the Spanish envoy to the Philippines said over the weekend. Ambassador Don Ignacio Sagaz said on Saturday Spain has decided to upgrade its cooperation with the Philippines in terms of fighting poverty in the regions of Bicol, Caraga and Zamboanga City and Basilan in Western Mindanao. “In the next four years, we have contemplated 40,000,000 euro or an average of 10,000,000 euro per year as a grant to the Philippines,” Sagaz said, adding that the funds will be used to support President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo’s 10-point agenda of governance and in support for the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. For Zamboanga City alone, the Spanish government, through its Agencia Española de Cooperacion Internacional (AECI) and the Spanish nongovernment organization (NGO) Manos Unidas, granted more than P80,000,000 to the community-building programs of Katilingban Para Sa Kalambuan Inc. (KKI), a local urban poor coalition in this city headed by Claretian priest, Fr. Angel Calvo. Sagaz was the guest speaker during the joint blessing, inauguration and turnover ceremony of the Kalinaw Housing Project, the second phase of the three-phase AECI funded KKI housing program situated in the interior of Barangay Sinunuc, this city. The first phase is called Katilingban Housing Project, which was started in 2001 and serves as the home of 200 urban poor. Phase 2 will benefit 98 families. The biggest phase called the Kalambuan Housing Project will have its groundbreaking in April. Phase 3 is bigger than the first two phases together and is estimated to benefit at least another 300 urban poor families. “We are committed to give help to the people here and as you know, we are already starting with the Phase 3 of this project. It is very encouraging for us to see the people having already their own houses,” Sagaz said. “This Phase 3 will be in Barangay Caragasan and even bigger than the first two together. We are expecting this project could hold over 300 families and we have allocated of over €80,000,” Sagaz revealed. “Aside from Zamboanga City, AECI already gave grants and assistance to the agricultural projects in Caraga region, housing, health care, gender and equality programs in Ilocos, Tarlac and Pampanga,” Sagaz revealed. Sagaz was also the guest of honor during Zamboanga’s 69th charter day celebration yesterday. KKI chairman Fr. Calvo said the NGO’s housing program intends to develop communities with livelihood enterprises for its residents. “Aside from the residential houses, KKI housing program also housed a livelihood production center. It is run by the Katilingban Working Women Association, whose members come from different marginalized communities in the city. The women are trained in various production skills, and have started making herbal medicine soaps, noodles, dresses and other sewn items, preserved foodstuffs and other products,” Calvo added. “This is to finally lift the local residents out of poverty,” Calvo said, adding that the road to economic emancipation begins by eliminating poverty in attitudes and values of the people. Lili March 7th, 2006, 11:48 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/intszulu.jpg José Clemente Zulueta On November 23, 1976, Jose Clemente Zulueta, a distinguished Filipino bibliographer, was born in Paco, Manila. His parents were not known because his mother died five days after his birth and his father, when he was still a child. He was adopted by a kindhearted couple, Agustin de la Rosa and Juliana Estrada, who gave him parental care and education. He took a course in History in the old College of San Antonio de Padua and eventually transferred to the Ateneo Municipal, where he obtained his Bachiller en Artes. He organized a study group among his friends, and every night he expounded on philosophy, arithmetic and algebra, ethics, rhetoric and poetry. He studied law at the University of Sto. Tomas and frequented the entresuelo meetings of young students in Intramuros before the revolution of 1896. Cecilio Apostol, Fernando ma. Guerrero, Rafael Palma, Jose Abreu and others also converged in his room and talked of literary and patriotic activities. In the university, he achieved literary celebrity as a weaver of exquisite Spanish verses. His poem “Afectos a la Virgen,” which Don Epifanio de los Santos highly commended for its poetical grace, was awarded 3rd prize in 1985 with a “lirio de plata” (silver lily) by the Academia Bibliografico Mariana, of Lerida Spain. It was published in Revista Catolica de Filipinas, VII, no. 5 March 1, 1986. The Revolution of 1896 to him was a laboratory for his historical theories. He wanted to observe the event from the viewpoint of both camps. He presented himself to Governor-general Camilio de Polavieja to ask permission to cross the lines of battles and witness for himself the struggle of close range. The governor general issued a pass which enabled him to move between the camps freely. He was with a caravan that trekked to the north when the Revolutionary Government was being moved to safer ground. He had lost his resolve at impartiality and now sided with the Filipino cause. He established the newspaper La Libertad, on June 20, 1898, the first number of which was dedicated to Colonel Pacheco. After its initial publication, it was stopped by the Revolutionary government and the printing press was seized. He joined the staff of La Independencia, founded by General Antonio Luna. In his writings, he used M. Kaun as penname. He resumed his studies in 1899 after the American army occupied Manila. He took the 1902 bar examination together with Manuel Quezon, Sergio Osmeña, and Juan Sumulong. Afterwards he and don Modesto Reyes established in Manila a newspaper, La Union, suppressed by General Elwell S. Otis because it was considered anti American. He joined the faculty of Liceo de Manila to teach subjects on Philippine and World History. He was librarian at the Centro Artistico and Club International which sent members on fellowship grants to the United States. The first to receive such grant was the city engineer, Santiago Artiaga. When the Philippine Commission decided to participate in the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, he was chosen to collect the art and literary materials for exhibition. When he was still with the Exposition Board, Act 688 was passed by the Philippine Commission on March 17, 1903 authorizing the appointment of collecting librarian for the Insular Government: Civil Governor Taft named him the collecting librarian. He left on April 29, 1903, for Marseilles, proceed to Barcelona and Madrid, where he presented his credentials to the American Minister in that capital. He worked in the Biblioteca Nacional and in the Museo Biblioteca de Ultramar, which had its origin from the materials exhibited during the Exposicion General de Filipinas. He discovered a rich collection of papers and documents among which gave importance to Gov. Valdez y tamon’s work on Plazas, Fuerzas Castillos y, Presidios in Philippines in 1839. He found in Biblioteca de la Real Academia de la Historia the unpublished work of Fr. Francisco Ignacio Alcina’s Relacion. At the King’s College, he saw the Vocabulario Tagalo, dated, 1585, in manuscript compiled by Fr. Domingo de los Santos, printed in Tayabas town in 1703. Zulueta came back to Manila on July 30, 1904. As required by law, he wrote a report entitled Fuentes Historicos de Filipinas in June 1904. He was one of the early Filipino historians who advocated the interpretation of t he Philippines from the Filipino point – of – view. He died in Manila on September 10, 1904, at the young age of 28. The Philippine government purchased the Zulueta collection for P17,000 from his widow Doña Paz Natividad and kept it the National Library. This priceless collection vanished in smoke during the liberation of Manila in February 1945. @Animo: hay errorés en las fechas en este articulo. Comó triste que él murió muy joven y no hay nada queda de sus collecciones de libros. Lili March 7th, 2006, 11:48 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/intszulu.jpg José Clemente Zulueta On November 23, 1976, Jose Clemente Zulueta, a distinguished Filipino bibliographer, was born in Paco, Manila. His parents were not known because his mother died five days after his birth and his father, when he was still a child. He was adopted by a kindhearted couple, Agustin de la Rosa and Juliana Estrada, who gave him parental care and education. He took a course in History in the old College of San Antonio de Padua and eventually transferred to the Ateneo Municipal, where he obtained his Bachiller en Artes. He organized a study group among his friends, and every night he expounded on philosophy, arithmetic and algebra, ethics, rhetoric and poetry. He studied law at the University of Sto. Tomas and frequented the entresuelo meetings of young students in Intramuros before the revolution of 1896. Cecilio Apostol, Fernando ma. Guerrero, Rafael Palma, Jose Abreu and others also converged in his room and talked of literary and patriotic activities. In the university, he achieved literary celebrity as a weaver of exquisite Spanish verses. His poem “Afectos a la Virgen,” which Don Epifanio de los Santos highly commended for its poetical grace, was awarded 3rd prize in 1985 with a “lirio de plata” (silver lily) by the Academia Bibliografico Mariana, of Lerida Spain. It was published in Revista Catolica de Filipinas, VII, no. 5 March 1, 1986. The Revolution of 1896 to him was a laboratory for his historical theories. He wanted to observe the event from the viewpoint of both camps. He presented himself to Governor-general Camilio de Polavieja to ask permission to cross the lines of battles and witness for himself the struggle of close range. The governor general issued a pass which enabled him to move between the camps freely. He was with a caravan that trekked to the north when the Revolutionary Government was being moved to safer ground. He had lost his resolve at impartiality and now sided with the Filipino cause. He established the newspaper La Libertad, on June 20, 1898, the first number of which was dedicated to Colonel Pacheco. After its initial publication, it was stopped by the Revolutionary government and the printing press was seized. He joined the staff of La Independencia, founded by General Antonio Luna. In his writings, he used M. Kaun as penname. He resumed his studies in 1899 after the American army occupied Manila. He took the 1902 bar examination together with Manuel Quezon, Sergio Osmeña, and Juan Sumulong. Afterwards he and don Modesto Reyes established in Manila a newspaper, La Union, suppressed by General Elwell S. Otis because it was considered anti American. He joined the faculty of Liceo de Manila to teach subjects on Philippine and World History. He was librarian at the Centro Artistico and Club International which sent members on fellowship grants to the United States. The first to receive such grant was the city engineer, Santiago Artiaga. When the Philippine Commission decided to participate in the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, he was chosen to collect the art and literary materials for exhibition. When he was still with the Exposition Board, Act 688 was passed by the Philippine Commission on March 17, 1903 authorizing the appointment of collecting librarian for the Insular Government: Civil Governor Taft named him the collecting librarian. He left on April 29, 1903, for Marseilles, proceed to Barcelona and Madrid, where he presented his credentials to the American Minister in that capital. He worked in the Biblioteca Nacional and in the Museo Biblioteca de Ultramar, which had its origin from the materials exhibited during the Exposicion General de Filipinas. He discovered a rich collection of papers and documents among which gave importance to Gov. Valdez y tamon’s work on Plazas, Fuerzas Castillos y, Presidios in Philippines in 1839. He found in Biblioteca de la Real Academia de la Historia the unpublished work of Fr. Francisco Ignacio Alcina’s Relacion. At the King’s College, he saw the Vocabulario Tagalo, dated, 1585, in manuscript compiled by Fr. Domingo de los Santos, printed in Tayabas town in 1703. Zulueta came back to Manila on July 30, 1904. As required by law, he wrote a report entitled Fuentes Historicos de Filipinas in June 1904. He was one of the early Filipino historians who advocated the interpretation of t he Philippines from the Filipino point – of – view. He died in Manila on September 10, 1904, at the young age of 28. The Philippine government purchased the Zulueta collection for P17,000 from his widow Doña Paz Natividad and kept it the National Library. This priceless collection vanished in smoke during the liberation of Manila in February 1945. @Animo: hay errorés en las fechas en este articulo. Comó triste que él murió muy joven y no hay nada queda de sus collecciones de libros. Animo March 8th, 2006, 02:11 AM ^^ Sí, él nació en November 23, 1876. :doh: Animo March 8th, 2006, 02:11 AM ^^ Sí, él nació en November 23, 1876. :doh: Animo March 8th, 2006, 09:27 AM Spanish: esquina English: corner ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: Déjeme en la esquina. English: Let me out at the corner. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060308.htm Animo March 8th, 2006, 09:27 AM Spanish: esquina English: corner ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: Déjeme en la esquina. English: Let me out at the corner. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060308.htm sugarboy March 8th, 2006, 09:36 AM un foto tomado en ronda, andalucia 1992 http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/sanmiguelinspain.jpg sugarboy March 8th, 2006, 09:36 AM un foto tomado en ronda, andalucia 1992 http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/sanmiguelinspain.jpg Animo March 9th, 2006, 01:49 AM ^^ Gracias por la foto Sr. Azucarero. :) Yo quisiera ver más si usted tiene más fotos. :okay: Animo March 9th, 2006, 01:49 AM ^^ Gracias por la foto Sr. Azucarero. :) Yo quisiera ver más si usted tiene más fotos. :okay: Animo March 9th, 2006, 02:34 AM Para aquellos colegiales filipinos que, entre 1970 y 1985 fueron inspirados a objetar y manifestarse en contra de las leyes de la enseñanza del idioma español como una asignatura regular de lengua y literatura filipinas, la oposición de sus antepasados a la más amplia imposición compulsoria del idioma inglés sobre su misma educación, que entonces era más filipina y autónoma que la suya en el presente, pudiera ser una bonita lección sobre el maquiavelismo y el sectarismo usenses además de una muy instructiva historia filipina. Decimos esto porque sabemos que el lavado de cerebro que se les perpetró, a guisa de educación en idioma inglés, ha sido tan completa que los dejaron totalmente ignorantes en cuanto a su pasado y en cuanto a la identidad nacional, a la cultura y a la libertad personal y colectiva que debieran sentir y vivir en nombre de su dignidad como pueblo libre. Es por eso que casi nadie de ellos, de entre los filipinos supuestamente educados en inglés, los que recuerdan, a la manera de un José Rizal a grandes filipinos como Modesto Reyes, Macario Sacay y De León, y a tantas grandes mujeres filipinas como lo son Librada Avelino y Rosa Sevilla de Alvero. Y estos grandes filipinos quedan borrados de la lista actual de filipinos ilustres porque todos pertenecen a esa pléyade de héroes que se resistieron a la científicamente cruel conquista usense y de sus sectarios WASP. De hecho, en la lucha filipina por la libertad en el terreno de una verdadera eduación que se compagina con su originaria identidad nacional y su verdadera cultura, bastará recordar, aunque sea por solamente empezar, el caso singular de Doña Librada Avelino que, afortunadamente, cuenta con suficiente documentación en forma de un libro y unas referencias publicadas. 1. FORGOTTEN FILIPINO SAGES AND EDUCATORS For college students who, between 1970 and 1985, were “inspired” to protest against the laws for the teaching of Spanish as a regular subject, the protest on the part of their ancestors against the eider imposition of compulsory English in the Filipino funded educational system, which in the early decades of 1900 was more Filipino than the Anglicized colonial that it is now, could come as a surprise if not a trauma of sorts aside from being a beautiful lesson on U.S. WASP machiavellian and sectarian agenda over the Philippine of today. This is why nobody among the Filipino youth of today who are supposedly “educated” because they supposedly speak and think in Americanese, can remember, even in the vague manner that they are made to remember Rizal, such other great Filipino Freedom fighters like Macario Sacay y De Leon such great Filipino women like Librada Avelino and Rosa Sevilla de Alvero. For, indeed, those who have been deliberately mis-educatedver in English today aside from having been deliberately misled with regard the history of their own country during the American military regime, the idea of having Filipinos that were definitely against the imposition of English as the medium of education and as an official language of these islands can become a real rediscovery. We say this because we know that the brainwashing that has been perpetrated, brainwashing in the guise of “education” in English, has been so successful that it has left almost every other Filipino with nothing but total ignorance about their personal and collective past, their own national identity and distant from the culture and the ture freedom and liberty that they should feel and live in the name of their own dignity as a people that has the right to be free and respected in its sovereignty. And these great Filipinos have been deliberately been erased from the actual list of illustrious Filipinos worth remembering because they belong to that Spanish-speaking pleyade of national heroes who resisted the scientifically and sectarianly cruel U.S. WASP invasion and conquest. Thus, in the Filipino’s struggle for liberty in the sphere of education, (n education that should connect with his original national identiy and true culture, it is enough to remember, even if only as a new beginning, the singular case of Librada Avelino, wose life and work is fortunately and sufficiently well documented in the form of a book and other published references. Spanish and Tagalog were the official languages of their 1898 República de Filipinas and they must have somehow learned that this first expression and symbol of freedom and independence of their fathers was cruelly destroyed by an English speaking neocolonialist enemy and tormentor, the invading American forces between 1898 and 1907.. The ordinary Filipino as well as the well-to-do Filipino of those times were never asked what they had as their common language. The conquering Americans of that era would, anyway, ignore whatever opinion they may have had in the matter of medium of instruction in the public and private schools and in the matter of official languages to be used by the military government that would extract taxes from them. The Americans, with nary a by-your-leave simply imposed, in the most unilateral and cruel means, the use of English upon Filipinos who would want an education or a job in their own country. As a matter of fact, those Filipinos upon whom English was unilaterally forced upon, were a virtually stateless people when they lost their own Primera República and unfortunately fell under the military yoke of American rule over these islands. What American Governor-General or Commisioner would bother to ask them in, say, a plebiscite, if they wanted English to be their language in lieu of Spanish and their principal native languages like Tagalog, Cebuano and Ilocano? Aside from Modesto Reyes, the labor leader that published and edited the bi-monthly review ISAGANI in 1924, who questioned the right of the American neocolonizers “to erase Spanish and force upon them their English language”, there was another prominent Filipino personality, this time a woman educator in Librada Avelino and the founder of the Centro Escolar de Señoritas, who defied the American Director of “Education” in these Islands that ordered her school closed down because it continued using Spanish as its medium of instruction in almost all subjects. There were, indeed, many other educators like Librada Avelino that defied the sectarian imposition of English upon their schools. Some of them were the President and body of eminent professors of the famous Liceo de Manila, headed by the reknowned botanist Dr. Leon María Guerrero and seconded by educators like Enrique Mendiola (after whom Calle Mendiola was called). Then, there were the founders of the Colegio de Manila (Manila U., today) and the Instituto de Mujeres in the persons of Don Mariano Jhocson and Rosa Sevilla de Alvero La Redvista Electrónica de Cultura Latinoamericana en Canadá Los Tesoros Culturales del Mundo Hispanohablante: http://www.lgpolar.com/index/php/read.php?a=53&b=1&kp=art%C3%ADculo&kh=2001 Animo March 9th, 2006, 02:34 AM Para aquellos colegiales filipinos que, entre 1970 y 1985 fueron inspirados a objetar y manifestarse en contra de las leyes de la enseñanza del idioma español como una asignatura regular de lengua y literatura filipinas, la oposición de sus antepasados a la más amplia imposición compulsoria del idioma inglés sobre su misma educación, que entonces era más filipina y autónoma que la suya en el presente, pudiera ser una bonita lección sobre el maquiavelismo y el sectarismo usenses además de una muy instructiva historia filipina. Decimos esto porque sabemos que el lavado de cerebro que se les perpetró, a guisa de educación en idioma inglés, ha sido tan completa que los dejaron totalmente ignorantes en cuanto a su pasado y en cuanto a la identidad nacional, a la cultura y a la libertad personal y colectiva que debieran sentir y vivir en nombre de su dignidad como pueblo libre. Es por eso que casi nadie de ellos, de entre los filipinos supuestamente educados en inglés, los que recuerdan, a la manera de un José Rizal a grandes filipinos como Modesto Reyes, Macario Sacay y De León, y a tantas grandes mujeres filipinas como lo son Librada Avelino y Rosa Sevilla de Alvero. Y estos grandes filipinos quedan borrados de la lista actual de filipinos ilustres porque todos pertenecen a esa pléyade de héroes que se resistieron a la científicamente cruel conquista usense y de sus sectarios WASP. De hecho, en la lucha filipina por la libertad en el terreno de una verdadera eduación que se compagina con su originaria identidad nacional y su verdadera cultura, bastará recordar, aunque sea por solamente empezar, el caso singular de Doña Librada Avelino que, afortunadamente, cuenta con suficiente documentación en forma de un libro y unas referencias publicadas. 1. FORGOTTEN FILIPINO SAGES AND EDUCATORS For college students who, between 1970 and 1985, were “inspired” to protest against the laws for the teaching of Spanish as a regular subject, the protest on the part of their ancestors against the eider imposition of compulsory English in the Filipino funded educational system, which in the early decades of 1900 was more Filipino than the Anglicized colonial that it is now, could come as a surprise if not a trauma of sorts aside from being a beautiful lesson on U.S. WASP machiavellian and sectarian agenda over the Philippine of today. This is why nobody among the Filipino youth of today who are supposedly “educated” because they supposedly speak and think in Americanese, can remember, even in the vague manner that they are made to remember Rizal, such other great Filipino Freedom fighters like Macario Sacay y De Leon such great Filipino women like Librada Avelino and Rosa Sevilla de Alvero. For, indeed, those who have been deliberately mis-educatedver in English today aside from having been deliberately misled with regard the history of their own country during the American military regime, the idea of having Filipinos that were definitely against the imposition of English as the medium of education and as an official language of these islands can become a real rediscovery. We say this because we know that the brainwashing that has been perpetrated, brainwashing in the guise of “education” in English, has been so successful that it has left almost every other Filipino with nothing but total ignorance about their personal and collective past, their own national identity and distant from the culture and the ture freedom and liberty that they should feel and live in the name of their own dignity as a people that has the right to be free and respected in its sovereignty. And these great Filipinos have been deliberately been erased from the actual list of illustrious Filipinos worth remembering because they belong to that Spanish-speaking pleyade of national heroes who resisted the scientifically and sectarianly cruel U.S. WASP invasion and conquest. Thus, in the Filipino’s struggle for liberty in the sphere of education, (n education that should connect with his original national identiy and true culture, it is enough to remember, even if only as a new beginning, the singular case of Librada Avelino, wose life and work is fortunately and sufficiently well documented in the form of a book and other published references. Spanish and Tagalog were the official languages of their 1898 República de Filipinas and they must have somehow learned that this first expression and symbol of freedom and independence of their fathers was cruelly destroyed by an English speaking neocolonialist enemy and tormentor, the invading American forces between 1898 and 1907.. The ordinary Filipino as well as the well-to-do Filipino of those times were never asked what they had as their common language. The conquering Americans of that era would, anyway, ignore whatever opinion they may have had in the matter of medium of instruction in the public and private schools and in the matter of official languages to be used by the military government that would extract taxes from them. The Americans, with nary a by-your-leave simply imposed, in the most unilateral and cruel means, the use of English upon Filipinos who would want an education or a job in their own country. As a matter of fact, those Filipinos upon whom English was unilaterally forced upon, were a virtually stateless people when they lost their own Primera República and unfortunately fell under the military yoke of American rule over these islands. What American Governor-General or Commisioner would bother to ask them in, say, a plebiscite, if they wanted English to be their language in lieu of Spanish and their principal native languages like Tagalog, Cebuano and Ilocano? Aside from Modesto Reyes, the labor leader that published and edited the bi-monthly review ISAGANI in 1924, who questioned the right of the American neocolonizers “to erase Spanish and force upon them their English language”, there was another prominent Filipino personality, this time a woman educator in Librada Avelino and the founder of the Centro Escolar de Señoritas, who defied the American Director of “Education” in these Islands that ordered her school closed down because it continued using Spanish as its medium of instruction in almost all subjects. There were, indeed, many other educators like Librada Avelino that defied the sectarian imposition of English upon their schools. Some of them were the President and body of eminent professors of the famous Liceo de Manila, headed by the reknowned botanist Dr. Leon María Guerrero and seconded by educators like Enrique Mendiola (after whom Calle Mendiola was called). Then, there were the founders of the Colegio de Manila (Manila U., today) and the Instituto de Mujeres in the persons of Don Mariano Jhocson and Rosa Sevilla de Alvero La Redvista Electrónica de Cultura Latinoamericana en Canadá Los Tesoros Culturales del Mundo Hispanohablante: http://www.lgpolar.com/index/php/read.php?a=53&b=1&kp=art%C3%ADculo&kh=2001 Animo March 9th, 2006, 03:00 AM By ADELBERT S. BATICA February 20, 2005 NOTE: I have been a member of the Circulo Hispano-Filipino, a group of Spanish-speaking Filipinos and Spanish speakers from around the globe who care about social, cultural, political, and economic developments in the Philippines, including the Philippines’ seemingly self-imposed isolation from Hispanic culture and language and the need to establish strong linkages with former Spanish colonies with whom we share many things in common. In this day and age when the Philippines faces seemingly insurmountable challenges, it is important that Filipinos learn to “think out of the box”, learn to look East and South for stronger economic, political, and cultural ties instead of simply “looking West”. If by looking West it means looking to Europe and especially America, it’s also time to look at “America” through a different set of lenses. For more than a century, we have always understood “America” to mean the United States, or simply, the “States”. This is an erroneous assertion, because Canada is also makes up the Americas; so do Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean. Let us remember that, regardless of our righteous anger at the many excesses of Spanish colonial rule, Spanish language and culture nevertheless became part of our lives as a nation and as a people. In fact, our Declaration of Independence in 1898 was in Spanish, so was the Malolos Constitution that laid the foundations for the First Philippine Republic. It’s impossible to imagine an English-speaking Rizal, his works in Spanish, especially Mi Ultimo Adiós will always be part of our heritage. Many of our great nationalists, including Claro M. Recto, Lorenzo Tañada, and Jose W. Diokno could articulate the Filipino’s nationalist aspirations in Tagalog, English, and Spanish. It would be a mistake to dismiss or hate Spanish simply because it is a “colonial” language, the language of the oppressor – because English is also a colonial tongue. To make generalizations and exorcise Spanish as “the language of the oppressor” is to deny the fact that the Founders of our Republic also spoke the language. True, Spanish was the language of Padre Dámaso, but it was also the language of Simon Bolívar, Che Guevara, Camilo Tórres, Augusto César Sandino, and Jacobo Arbénz Guzmán. Spanish is also the language of Fidel Castro and Húgo Chávez – men who are hardly representative of the elite. Fuente: http://www.samarnews.com/Insight/insight11.htm Animo March 9th, 2006, 03:00 AM By ADELBERT S. BATICA February 20, 2005 NOTE: I have been a member of the Circulo Hispano-Filipino, a group of Spanish-speaking Filipinos and Spanish speakers from around the globe who care about social, cultural, political, and economic developments in the Philippines, including the Philippines’ seemingly self-imposed isolation from Hispanic culture and language and the need to establish strong linkages with former Spanish colonies with whom we share many things in common. In this day and age when the Philippines faces seemingly insurmountable challenges, it is important that Filipinos learn to “think out of the box”, learn to look East and South for stronger economic, political, and cultural ties instead of simply “looking West”. If by looking West it means looking to Europe and especially America, it’s also time to look at “America” through a different set of lenses. For more than a century, we have always understood “America” to mean the United States, or simply, the “States”. This is an erroneous assertion, because Canada is also makes up the Americas; so do Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean. Let us remember that, regardless of our righteous anger at the many excesses of Spanish colonial rule, Spanish language and culture nevertheless became part of our lives as a nation and as a people. In fact, our Declaration of Independence in 1898 was in Spanish, so was the Malolos Constitution that laid the foundations for the First Philippine Republic. It’s impossible to imagine an English-speaking Rizal, his works in Spanish, especially Mi Ultimo Adiós will always be part of our heritage. Many of our great nationalists, including Claro M. Recto, Lorenzo Tañada, and Jose W. Diokno could articulate the Filipino’s nationalist aspirations in Tagalog, English, and Spanish. It would be a mistake to dismiss or hate Spanish simply because it is a “colonial” language, the language of the oppressor – because English is also a colonial tongue. To make generalizations and exorcise Spanish as “the language of the oppressor” is to deny the fact that the Founders of our Republic also spoke the language. True, Spanish was the language of Padre Dámaso, but it was also the language of Simon Bolívar, Che Guevara, Camilo Tórres, Augusto César Sandino, and Jacobo Arbénz Guzmán. Spanish is also the language of Fidel Castro and Húgo Chávez – men who are hardly representative of the elite. Fuente: http://www.samarnews.com/Insight/insight11.htm sugarboy March 9th, 2006, 03:28 PM ^^ Gracias por la foto Sr. Azucarero. :) Yo quisiera ver más si usted tiene más fotos. :okay: Mis fotos de mi viaje a Andalucia esta en Bacolod ahora. Voy a Bacolod en el mes que viene. Espero conseguir mis fotos de Espana allí. sugarboy March 9th, 2006, 03:28 PM ^^ Gracias por la foto Sr. Azucarero. :) Yo quisiera ver más si usted tiene más fotos. :okay: Mis fotos de mi viaje a Andalucia esta en Bacolod ahora. Voy a Bacolod en el mes que viene. Espero conseguir mis fotos de Espana allí. Atl_Col March 10th, 2006, 04:26 AM en manila hay bares/clubs donde se pueda escuchar o ir a bailar Salsa u otros ritmos LatinoAmericanos? Atl_Col March 10th, 2006, 04:26 AM en manila hay bares/clubs donde se pueda escuchar o ir a bailar Salsa u otros ritmos LatinoAmericanos? manileño March 10th, 2006, 08:15 AM ^^ que si. si te vas por Malate, un distrito en el centro historico encontraras a unas discotecas y clubs donde se toca y se baila salsa/bachata y otros. Tambien en el distrito financiero de Makati hay pocos. Creo que lo mas nuevo club latino es el Cafe Lupe a lo largo de EDSA cerca de Rockwell y Guadalupe, Makati que toque musica mexicana y latinoamericana. :) manileño March 10th, 2006, 08:15 AM ^^ que si. si te vas por Malate, un distrito en el centro historico encontraras a unas discotecas y clubs donde se toca y se baila salsa/bachata y otros. Tambien en el distrito financiero de Makati hay pocos. Creo que lo mas nuevo club latino es el Cafe Lupe a lo largo de EDSA cerca de Rockwell y Guadalupe, Makati que toque musica mexicana y latinoamericana. :) Animo March 10th, 2006, 05:49 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Visita%20Iglesias/r1369187651.jpg Replicas of the Pinta, Santa Maria, and Nina set sail from the southern Spanish port of Huelva in a reenactment of Columbus' famous journey, October 13, 1991. ROME (Reuters) - Nearly 500 years after the death of Christopher Columbus, a team of genetic researchers are using DNA to solve two nagging mysteries: Where was the explorer really born? And where the devil are his bones? Debate about origins and final resting place of Columbus has raged for over a century, with historians questioning the traditional theory that he hails from Genoa, Italy. Some say he was a Spanish Jew, a Greek, a Basque or Portuguese. Even the location of his remains is the subject of controversy. The Dominican Republic and Spain both stake claims as the final resting place of Columbus, who died in May, 1506. The Spanish-led research team, which includes Italians, Americans and Germans, sampled DNA from the known remains from Columbus' brother and son, and then compared them to fragments attributed to Columbus in Seville. Although the official announcement is expected later this year, Italian researchers say they are confident based on the evidence gathered so far that Columbus' supposed remains in Seville are likely authentic. "We have already started all of the analyses on a molecular level and we have good indications that the remains in Seville are effectively those of Christopher," said Olga Rickards, head of the team at Rome's Tor Vergata University laboratory. If confirmed, it could lay to rest a dispute dating back to 1877, when Dominican workers found a lead casket buried behind the altar in Santo Domingo's cathedral containing a collection of bone fragments the country says belong to Columbus. The bones should have left the island for Cuba in 1795 and then been sent along Spain a century later. But the casket was inscribed with the words "Illustrious and distinguished male, Don Cristobal Colon" - the Spanish rendering of Christopher Columbus. "Nobody knows (about the Dominican remains) ... because they haven't yet allowed DNA analysis," Rickards told Reuters. COTTON SWABS FOR COLOMBO Little is known about the early life of Columbus, the reputed son of a weaver in Genoa who would later change the world by accidentally stumbling upon the Americas in 1492. With so many different theories about his origin, the DNA researchers hope to settle the matter once and for all by obtaining genetic samples from Europeans with the name Columbus. In Italy, the researchers sent letters to modern-day "Colombo" men asking them to use cotton swabs to sample saliva from inside their mouths. "We sent out 250 letters ... and we have already received 16 positive responses," Rickards told Reuters. The Spanish had sampled less than 150 people, she said. "If we're lucky, we might have a result by May, which is the 500th anniversary of Christopher Columbus' death," she said. Genoa's mayor, Giuseppe Pericu, joked to a newspaper that Columbus would wind up being "Genovese" -- one way or another. "If it turns out that Columbus wasn't Genovese, we'll make him an honorary citizen," he said. Fuente: http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20060310/ts_nm/science_columbus_dc Animo March 10th, 2006, 05:49 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Visita%20Iglesias/r1369187651.jpg Replicas of the Pinta, Santa Maria, and Nina set sail from the southern Spanish port of Huelva in a reenactment of Columbus' famous journey, October 13, 1991. ROME (Reuters) - Nearly 500 years after the death of Christopher Columbus, a team of genetic researchers are using DNA to solve two nagging mysteries: Where was the explorer really born? And where the devil are his bones? Debate about origins and final resting place of Columbus has raged for over a century, with historians questioning the traditional theory that he hails from Genoa, Italy. Some say he was a Spanish Jew, a Greek, a Basque or Portuguese. Even the location of his remains is the subject of controversy. The Dominican Republic and Spain both stake claims as the final resting place of Columbus, who died in May, 1506. The Spanish-led research team, which includes Italians, Americans and Germans, sampled DNA from the known remains from Columbus' brother and son, and then compared them to fragments attributed to Columbus in Seville. Although the official announcement is expected later this year, Italian researchers say they are confident based on the evidence gathered so far that Columbus' supposed remains in Seville are likely authentic. "We have already started all of the analyses on a molecular level and we have good indications that the remains in Seville are effectively those of Christopher," said Olga Rickards, head of the team at Rome's Tor Vergata University laboratory. If confirmed, it could lay to rest a dispute dating back to 1877, when Dominican workers found a lead casket buried behind the altar in Santo Domingo's cathedral containing a collection of bone fragments the country says belong to Columbus. The bones should have left the island for Cuba in 1795 and then been sent along Spain a century later. But the casket was inscribed with the words "Illustrious and distinguished male, Don Cristobal Colon" - the Spanish rendering of Christopher Columbus. "Nobody knows (about the Dominican remains) ... because they haven't yet allowed DNA analysis," Rickards told Reuters. COTTON SWABS FOR COLOMBO Little is known about the early life of Columbus, the reputed son of a weaver in Genoa who would later change the world by accidentally stumbling upon the Americas in 1492. With so many different theories about his origin, the DNA researchers hope to settle the matter once and for all by obtaining genetic samples from Europeans with the name Columbus. In Italy, the researchers sent letters to modern-day "Colombo" men asking them to use cotton swabs to sample saliva from inside their mouths. "We sent out 250 letters ... and we have already received 16 positive responses," Rickards told Reuters. The Spanish had sampled less than 150 people, she said. "If we're lucky, we might have a result by May, which is the 500th anniversary of Christopher Columbus' death," she said. Genoa's mayor, Giuseppe Pericu, joked to a newspaper that Columbus would wind up being "Genovese" -- one way or another. "If it turns out that Columbus wasn't Genovese, we'll make him an honorary citizen," he said. Fuente: http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20060310/ts_nm/science_columbus_dc Animo March 10th, 2006, 06:57 PM Mis fotos de mi viaje a Andalucia esta en Bacolod ahora. Voy a Bacolod en el mes que viene. Espero conseguir mis fotos de Espana allí. ¡Muchas gracias! :cheers: en manila hay bares/clubs donde se pueda escuchar o ir a bailar Salsa u otros ritmos LatinoAmericanos? Bellisima Bar 3rd floor, The Fort Strip, The Fort in Bonifacio Global City, Taguig Telephone number: +63-2 815-8688 Salsa Nights every Thursday, free salsa lesson by 9 p.m.-10 p.m. hosted by Salsa Filipinas then salsa dancing after the lesson. It's not a huge venue but it's comfortably located away from Makati's mad traffic. When the servers clear the tables, the floor can safely accomodate as many as ten lively couples . The place has a very cool vibe. Next door is a foot massage place that closes at 10 p.m. Café Havana Malate 1903 M Adriatico St. (corner Remedios St.) Malate, Manila Telephone number (+63-2) 521 8097 Café Havana is Latino-Cubano, and it lives the spirit of the island from its decor to its food and music. The atmosphere here is decadent Havana, late 1950's. Live band begins to play at 11 p.m. till 2 a.m. They play salsa on Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays. Thursdays, however, are reserved for Reggae. There is no dance floor but they normally take out most of the dining tables after dinner time to give way to the eager dancing crowd. Major Credit Cards accepted. Café Havana Greenbelt Greenbelt 3, Level 1 Estrella St., Ayala Center, Makati City Telephone numbers (+63-2) 757-4370, (+63-2) 757-4371 Café Havana Greenbelt is a Cuban bar with a Cuban ambiance. Live Salsa band performance from Mondays to Saturdays, from 9:30 p.m. till past midnight. On Sundays, however, it is reserved for Reggae. Just like Café Havana Malate, the bar has no dance floor and people manage to dance in small spaces between the bar and tables. Tables and chairs are usually taken out of the bar when live bands perform to give way to dancing people. Major Credit Cards accepted. Café Havana Araneta Gateway Mall, Level 1 Araneta Center, Cubao Quezon City Telephone numbers: (+63-2) 913-2267, (+63-2) 913-8103, (+63-2) 913-8736 Just like Café Havana in Malate and Greenbelt, Café Havana at Araneta is basically Cuban. Newly opened in February 2005, the bar serves Cuban food and music. Unlike the Café in Malate and Greenbelt, it does not have live band performances but salsa music is played often. 826 Dance and Theater Lounge 826 Pasay Road (near Paseo de Roxas) Makati City Telephone number (+63-2) 844-6753 826 is a music and dance theater lounge that offers patrons with live band performance. Most of the bands play hip-hop, pop, reggae, and latin music. Local bands that play salsa and latin music also perform at 826. If patrons would want to listen and dance to salsa music, call the lounge ahead of time. Conways 2nd Level, Makati Shangri-La Hotel Ayala Ave. cor. Makati Ave., Makati City Tel. 840-0884, 813-8888 Open everyday from 5 p.m. to 2 a.m. A Latin bar, not necessarily Salsa. Latin music is performed by a live band every Monday. No cover charge. The bar can accomodate 200 people. In the Mood 2nd Level, The LJC Center 1900 M. Adriatico St., Malate Manila Telephone number (+63-2) 524-3798 Typical ballroom, and not exclusively salsa. Entrance is 250 pesos. There are dance instructors on duty for a dance partner. Availing the services of Dance Instructors cost 600 pesos for a minimum of 2 hour. Opens daily 7 p.m. to 2 a.m. Savannah Moon 2nd Level, Corby I Bldg. E. Rodriguez Ave., Libis Quezon City Tel. 638-0566 to 69, 631-0497 Typical ballroom, not exclusive for salsa. Cover charge (consumable) 330.00 pesos. There are dance instructors on duty for a dance partner. Availing the services of Dance Instructors cost 600 pesos for a minimum of 2 hours. Open everyday from 2 p.m. to 2 a.m. Cubalibre 2nd Level, Starmall Edsa cor. Shaw Boulevard (+63-2) 718-3790 Cubalibre is a spacious bar and restaurant that offers latin food, drinks music and dance. The bar also offers billiard games. Salsa dancing only on occasional events. There is a separate music and dance lounge. The ambiance is basically Afro-Cuban. Music selections range from Cuban son, guarachas and salsa. The music and dance lounge is available for other functions and reservations. Escuelas Salsa For Social Transformation Dance Class Asian Social Institute 1518 Leon Guinto Street Malate, Manila Tel. (63-2) 5238266 classes are on Saturdays. 6 - 8 p.m. Ares Andres/Ronda de Salsa Instructor Grupo Filipino Salsa de Manila Asian Social Institute 1518 Leon Guinto St., Malate, Manila Land line Tel: (ASI) +63 (2) 523-8266 Mobile Tel: +63 (919) 599-6070 Venue of Classes: Ciboney Café Bar and Restaurant Remedios Circle, Malate, Manila Beginners Class includes Bachata lessons on Tuesdays: 7-9 p.m. Intermediate Class includes Rueda and Ronda lessons on Saturdays: 6-9 p.m. Fee: Free. Strictly RSVP. Book your reservation a week ahead of time. Animo March 10th, 2006, 06:57 PM Mis fotos de mi viaje a Andalucia esta en Bacolod ahora. Voy a Bacolod en el mes que viene. Espero conseguir mis fotos de Espana allí. ¡Muchas gracias! :cheers: en manila hay bares/clubs donde se pueda escuchar o ir a bailar Salsa u otros ritmos LatinoAmericanos? Bellisima Bar 3rd floor, The Fort Strip, The Fort in Bonifacio Global City, Taguig Telephone number: +63-2 815-8688 Salsa Nights every Thursday, free salsa lesson by 9 p.m.-10 p.m. hosted by Salsa Filipinas then salsa dancing after the lesson. It's not a huge venue but it's comfortably located away from Makati's mad traffic. When the servers clear the tables, the floor can safely accomodate as many as ten lively couples . The place has a very cool vibe. Next door is a foot massage place that closes at 10 p.m. Café Havana Malate 1903 M Adriatico St. (corner Remedios St.) Malate, Manila Telephone number (+63-2) 521 8097 Café Havana is Latino-Cubano, and it lives the spirit of the island from its decor to its food and music. The atmosphere here is decadent Havana, late 1950's. Live band begins to play at 11 p.m. till 2 a.m. They play salsa on Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays. Thursdays, however, are reserved for Reggae. There is no dance floor but they normally take out most of the dining tables after dinner time to give way to the eager dancing crowd. Major Credit Cards accepted. Café Havana Greenbelt Greenbelt 3, Level 1 Estrella St., Ayala Center, Makati City Telephone numbers (+63-2) 757-4370, (+63-2) 757-4371 Café Havana Greenbelt is a Cuban bar with a Cuban ambiance. Live Salsa band performance from Mondays to Saturdays, from 9:30 p.m. till past midnight. On Sundays, however, it is reserved for Reggae. Just like Café Havana Malate, the bar has no dance floor and people manage to dance in small spaces between the bar and tables. Tables and chairs are usually taken out of the bar when live bands perform to give way to dancing people. Major Credit Cards accepted. Café Havana Araneta Gateway Mall, Level 1 Araneta Center, Cubao Quezon City Telephone numbers: (+63-2) 913-2267, (+63-2) 913-8103, (+63-2) 913-8736 Just like Café Havana in Malate and Greenbelt, Café Havana at Araneta is basically Cuban. Newly opened in February 2005, the bar serves Cuban food and music. Unlike the Café in Malate and Greenbelt, it does not have live band performances but salsa music is played often. 826 Dance and Theater Lounge 826 Pasay Road (near Paseo de Roxas) Makati City Telephone number (+63-2) 844-6753 826 is a music and dance theater lounge that offers patrons with live band performance. Most of the bands play hip-hop, pop, reggae, and latin music. Local bands that play salsa and latin music also perform at 826. If patrons would want to listen and dance to salsa music, call the lounge ahead of time. Conways 2nd Level, Makati Shangri-La Hotel Ayala Ave. cor. Makati Ave., Makati City Tel. 840-0884, 813-8888 Open everyday from 5 p.m. to 2 a.m. A Latin bar, not necessarily Salsa. Latin music is performed by a live band every Monday. No cover charge. The bar can accomodate 200 people. In the Mood 2nd Level, The LJC Center 1900 M. Adriatico St., Malate Manila Telephone number (+63-2) 524-3798 Typical ballroom, and not exclusively salsa. Entrance is 250 pesos. There are dance instructors on duty for a dance partner. Availing the services of Dance Instructors cost 600 pesos for a minimum of 2 hour. Opens daily 7 p.m. to 2 a.m. Savannah Moon 2nd Level, Corby I Bldg. E. Rodriguez Ave., Libis Quezon City Tel. 638-0566 to 69, 631-0497 Typical ballroom, not exclusive for salsa. Cover charge (consumable) 330.00 pesos. There are dance instructors on duty for a dance partner. Availing the services of Dance Instructors cost 600 pesos for a minimum of 2 hours. Open everyday from 2 p.m. to 2 a.m. Cubalibre 2nd Level, Starmall Edsa cor. Shaw Boulevard (+63-2) 718-3790 Cubalibre is a spacious bar and restaurant that offers latin food, drinks music and dance. The bar also offers billiard games. Salsa dancing only on occasional events. There is a separate music and dance lounge. The ambiance is basically Afro-Cuban. Music selections range from Cuban son, guarachas and salsa. The music and dance lounge is available for other functions and reservations. Escuelas Salsa For Social Transformation Dance Class Asian Social Institute 1518 Leon Guinto Street Malate, Manila Tel. (63-2) 5238266 classes are on Saturdays. 6 - 8 p.m. Ares Andres/Ronda de Salsa Instructor Grupo Filipino Salsa de Manila Asian Social Institute 1518 Leon Guinto St., Malate, Manila Land line Tel: (ASI) +63 (2) 523-8266 Mobile Tel: +63 (919) 599-6070 Venue of Classes: Ciboney Café Bar and Restaurant Remedios Circle, Malate, Manila Beginners Class includes Bachata lessons on Tuesdays: 7-9 p.m. Intermediate Class includes Rueda and Ronda lessons on Saturdays: 6-9 p.m. Fee: Free. Strictly RSVP. Book your reservation a week ahead of time. Animo March 10th, 2006, 07:43 PM William Pesek: 2006-03-07 00:17 (New York) (Commentary. William Pesek Jr. is a Bloomberg News columnist. The opinions expressed are his own.) March 7 (Bloomberg) -- Welcome to the "Argentina of Asia.'' That's how many investors view the Philippines, a place with vast potential that never seems to get its act together. The most recent crisis in Manila -- an alleged coup attempt against President Gloria Arroyo -- was a reminder that while 5 percent growth may look good, it's not enough for the Philippines to thrive. The nation also needs political stability to convince investors it won't default on debt, Argentina style. Reports of plotting generals and televised images of riot police fending off thousands of protesters would seem to be the last thing the Philippines needs. Asia's 13th-biggest economy already gets scant foreign direct investment and 10 percent of the population has fled for lack of jobs at home. In fact, those angling to oust Arroyo may be proving precisely that the Philippines, unpredictable as it is, enjoys growing political stability. "What the world seemed to miss is that the stock market didn't plunge, the peso didn't collapse and bond yields didn't shoot up,'' said Luz Lorenzo, economist at ATR Kim Eng Securities. "And people here in the Philippines didn't panic.'' Event-Rich Central bank governor Amando Tetangco has a similar take on things. When I entered his Manila office Friday, Tetangco was standing before a television, remote control in hand, watching a live report that Arroyo had just lifted the state of emergency she declared on Feb. 24. "The way I see it, the Philippines is an event-rich country-- there is always something going on,'' he said in an interview. "But in all cases, there is a knee-jerk reaction and then things start to correct.'' Perhaps the clearest sign a crisis is unlikely is the hundreds of 20-somethings on the streets of Manila's financial district at 3 a.m. Far from loitering or being up to no good, they're working the nightshift at call-centers, which hold great promise for creating jobs here (the government hopes they'll number in the millions). While India's wealth of well-educated English speakers gets most of the headlines, the Philippines is quietly grabbing its share of fast-growth outsourcing industries. Dell Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co. and International Business Machines Corp. are just a few of the companies tapping into this young, growing population of 86 million. People Power Wanes That the call-center crowd has little interest in grabbing banners and marching against Arroyo shows why "People Power'' is losing its appeal. ``It's not that the president has our support, but who wants to support these people desiring to take over?'' asked call-center employee Francesco Reyes, 27, during a 3:15 a.m. smoke break. "They're not offering much of an alternative or better ideas, so why follow them?'' Well put. So you manage to unseat Arroyo -- then what? While voters quibble with Arroyo, her economic polices are the most sober the Philippines has seen since the mid 1990s. Arroyo has done little to spread the benefits of economic growth, and her declaration of a state of emergency seemed hasty. Still, it's heartening to see a leader taking some gutsy steps. Arroyo's biggest success is returning a sense of fiscal sanity. The Philippines continues to swim in debt, much of it foreign, yet the budget deficit is moving in the right direction. It's expected to fall to 2.1 percent product or less of gross domestic this year from 2.7 percent in 2005. Reducing Debt Reducing public debt will lower bond yields and leave more money for education, health care and poverty reduction. More funds to improve roads, ports, power plants and productivity in sectors like agriculture and manufacturing would increase growth and attract more foreign investment. "We still need to continue working and the job isn't complete yet,'' Tetangco said. That's not to say these periodic bouts of political instability don't take a toll. Still, with each incarnation of People Power the numbers taking to the streets are declining, as is the reaction in financial markets. "This is normal, but I wish it weren't,'' said John Forbes, president of Eastern Voyager Corp., and an American who's lived in the Philippines on and off since the early 1970s. "This is the land of permanent potential, and these kinds of political upheavals explain why.'' For all the messy images transmitted around the world in recent days, the Philippines has returned to normal. Detractors claiming she cheated in the May 2004 election haven't unseated Arroyo, who's making former U.S. President Bill Clinton's Teflon coating look pretty ordinary. No Argentina So Tetangco can approach Thursday's interest-rate meeting without a full-blown crisis hanging over his decision. In our meeting, he dropped few hints he's about raise rates amid few signs inflation is getting out of control. Even so, convincing markets that debt won't spiral out of control is a challenge in the best of times. Investors have a funny way of remembering when nations declare a moratorium on foreign bond payments, as the Philippines did just over 20 years ago and Argentina did in 2001. The sad fact is that the Philippines has yet to shake the legacy of mismanagement created by former President Ferdinand Marcos, who was brought down by People Power in 1986. Yet Arroyo's fiscal moves and the stride in which markets took recent events show the economy is maturing. That fact, while little noticed overseas, suggests the Philippines is making important progress toward dropping its reputation as Asia's version of Argentina. Animo March 10th, 2006, 07:43 PM William Pesek: 2006-03-07 00:17 (New York) (Commentary. William Pesek Jr. is a Bloomberg News columnist. The opinions expressed are his own.) March 7 (Bloomberg) -- Welcome to the "Argentina of Asia.'' That's how many investors view the Philippines, a place with vast potential that never seems to get its act together. The most recent crisis in Manila -- an alleged coup attempt against President Gloria Arroyo -- was a reminder that while 5 percent growth may look good, it's not enough for the Philippines to thrive. The nation also needs political stability to convince investors it won't default on debt, Argentina style. Reports of plotting generals and televised images of riot police fending off thousands of protesters would seem to be the last thing the Philippines needs. Asia's 13th-biggest economy already gets scant foreign direct investment and 10 percent of the population has fled for lack of jobs at home. In fact, those angling to oust Arroyo may be proving precisely that the Philippines, unpredictable as it is, enjoys growing political stability. "What the world seemed to miss is that the stock market didn't plunge, the peso didn't collapse and bond yields didn't shoot up,'' said Luz Lorenzo, economist at ATR Kim Eng Securities. "And people here in the Philippines didn't panic.'' Event-Rich Central bank governor Amando Tetangco has a similar take on things. When I entered his Manila office Friday, Tetangco was standing before a television, remote control in hand, watching a live report that Arroyo had just lifted the state of emergency she declared on Feb. 24. "The way I see it, the Philippines is an event-rich country-- there is always something going on,'' he said in an interview. "But in all cases, there is a knee-jerk reaction and then things start to correct.'' Perhaps the clearest sign a crisis is unlikely is the hundreds of 20-somethings on the streets of Manila's financial district at 3 a.m. Far from loitering or being up to no good, they're working the nightshift at call-centers, which hold great promise for creating jobs here (the government hopes they'll number in the millions). While India's wealth of well-educated English speakers gets most of the headlines, the Philippines is quietly grabbing its share of fast-growth outsourcing industries. Dell Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co. and International Business Machines Corp. are just a few of the companies tapping into this young, growing population of 86 million. People Power Wanes That the call-center crowd has little interest in grabbing banners and marching against Arroyo shows why "People Power'' is losing its appeal. ``It's not that the president has our support, but who wants to support these people desiring to take over?'' asked call-center employee Francesco Reyes, 27, during a 3:15 a.m. smoke break. "They're not offering much of an alternative or better ideas, so why follow them?'' Well put. So you manage to unseat Arroyo -- then what? While voters quibble with Arroyo, her economic polices are the most sober the Philippines has seen since the mid 1990s. Arroyo has done little to spread the benefits of economic growth, and her declaration of a state of emergency seemed hasty. Still, it's heartening to see a leader taking some gutsy steps. Arroyo's biggest success is returning a sense of fiscal sanity. The Philippines continues to swim in debt, much of it foreign, yet the budget deficit is moving in the right direction. It's expected to fall to 2.1 percent product or less of gross domestic this year from 2.7 percent in 2005. Reducing Debt Reducing public debt will lower bond yields and leave more money for education, health care and poverty reduction. More funds to improve roads, ports, power plants and productivity in sectors like agriculture and manufacturing would increase growth and attract more foreign investment. "We still need to continue working and the job isn't complete yet,'' Tetangco said. That's not to say these periodic bouts of political instability don't take a toll. Still, with each incarnation of People Power the numbers taking to the streets are declining, as is the reaction in financial markets. "This is normal, but I wish it weren't,'' said John Forbes, president of Eastern Voyager Corp., and an American who's lived in the Philippines on and off since the early 1970s. "This is the land of permanent potential, and these kinds of political upheavals explain why.'' For all the messy images transmitted around the world in recent days, the Philippines has returned to normal. Detractors claiming she cheated in the May 2004 election haven't unseated Arroyo, who's making former U.S. President Bill Clinton's Teflon coating look pretty ordinary. No Argentina So Tetangco can approach Thursday's interest-rate meeting without a full-blown crisis hanging over his decision. In our meeting, he dropped few hints he's about raise rates amid few signs inflation is getting out of control. Even so, convincing markets that debt won't spiral out of control is a challenge in the best of times. Investors have a funny way of remembering when nations declare a moratorium on foreign bond payments, as the Philippines did just over 20 years ago and Argentina did in 2001. The sad fact is that the Philippines has yet to shake the legacy of mismanagement created by former President Ferdinand Marcos, who was brought down by People Power in 1986. Yet Arroyo's fiscal moves and the stride in which markets took recent events show the economy is maturing. That fact, while little noticed overseas, suggests the Philippines is making important progress toward dropping its reputation as Asia's version of Argentina. Animo March 10th, 2006, 11:55 PM By LAI SUAREZ–REYES There’s a great deal more to Spain than centuries-old churches, castles and fortresses. This I realized the moment I visited for the first time the land of Zara and Mango in November 2002. I was part of the media group invited then by Jun Santos of the Spanish Commercial Centre for a 9-day ICEX (Instituto Espanol de Commercio Exterior) mission to Spain. It was a food trip so our host brought us to various parts of the country to savour the local cuisine. We had a very tight schedule so we never really had the chance to explore even its capital city, Madrid. To give you an idea how "hectic" our schedule was, we had traveled over 790 kilometers by high-speed train, over 1,220 kilometers by bus (as per our host’s rough estimate), packed and unpacked at least six times, slept in four different hotels, in between touring a million sweets factory (Delaviuda), three wine cellars in La Rioja, a 1,500 hectare cheese farm (in La Mancha), a 600-hectare family estate olive grove and oil mill, and an exclusive Iberian pig farm in Extramadura where the famous Iberico ham is produced. For lack of time, we had to pass up a tour of three superb art museums in Madrid (the Prado, The Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, and the Museo ThyssenBonemisza), old churches, Don Quixote’s windmills and other Spanish monuments. Nine days aren’t enough to enjoy the numerous places of interest that only Spain can offer. Well, it is in this context that Spain attracted a total of 55.6 million visitors in 2005 alone. "Spain is the second in the world in terms of tourist arrivals next to Paris, France," enthused Enrique Ruiz de Lera, director (South East Asia, Australia, New Zealand and India) of the National Tourism Office of Spain. De Lera was here in Manila recently to launch Spain’s newest campaign — "Smile, you are in Spain" — which seeks to promote Spain as a global tourist destination. At a lunch for members of the press at Cirkulo restaurant in Makati, he discussed TourSpain’s latest undertaking. "Tourism is the main economic sector of Spain. In fact, the country generated revenues of billion last year with income expenditure of 855 euro per trip/person and 86 euro per day/person. The average stay in Spain in 2005 was 10 days," he noted. According to De Lera, Madrid has contributed largely to the figures because it has one of the largest airports in Europe with a capacity to handle 70 million passengers a year. "The new Madrid-Barajas Airport is now taking off since the passengers, airlines and companies demand a more efficient and modern airport with more destinations, more frequent flights and higher quality service," he added. The new terminal has a capacity to handle 35 million passengers during peak hours. By 2010, Spain will have over 13,000 kilometers of motorways and major trunk roads. "The Railway Infrastructure Program includes the extension of the High Speed Rail network so that by 2007, no regions in Spain will be more than four hours from Madrid, the principal point of international access. The transport revolution will also arrive at the 47 civil airports where nine billion euros are to be invested in the infrastructure plan," boasts De Lera. When it comes to meetings, incentives, congresses and exhibitions, Spain rated the number two spot in 2004. The country has invested enormously in this sector in the last few years to enhance its competitive edge, both in hotels, conference centers and unique venues. "This allows us to present a solid infrastructure with 44 conference centers well distributed over the peninsula and a whole hotel base which offers a range of excellent hotels, highly evaluated by visiting delegates," enthused De Lera. Six more conference centers are scheduled to open in 2006, and four others are being planned. With the slogan: "Smile You’re in Spain," the tourism campaign highlights individual tourist products as "Cultural Tourism." The country is now promoting its pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela, language studies tourism, and Spain as a best destination for golf. "Santiago de Compostela was declared in 1993 as a World Heritage Site. The pilgrimage tour has been (for the past 10 centuries) one of the three main pilgrimage routes in the world (Mecca and Jerusalem)," De Lera said. Spanish is the 2nd world universal language with more than 400 million Spanish speakers. Some 100,000 people come to Spain every year to begin their studies or to improve their level of Spanish. "Spain has more than 300 language schools and teaching centres for foreigners," enthused De Lera. For golfers, Spain has 245 golf courses including the wellknown Valderrama Club. Also, it is becoming a European leader for the quality of the courses and the achievements of international Spanish golf players such as Sergio Garcia "El Nino," Severiano Ballesteros, and Jose Maria Olazabal. "Throughout our country you will find a wide range of quality courses, ideal settings for playing this popular sport. But there are a thousand and one other reasons to play golf in Spain and that’s for you to find out. Through the ‘Smile’ campaign, we invite you to experience the hospitality and life-style that make Spain a unique tourist destination," De Lera said with a grin. Fuente: http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2006/02/26/SCTY2006022657277.html Animo March 10th, 2006, 11:55 PM By LAI SUAREZ–REYES There’s a great deal more to Spain than centuries-old churches, castles and fortresses. This I realized the moment I visited for the first time the land of Zara and Mango in November 2002. I was part of the media group invited then by Jun Santos of the Spanish Commercial Centre for a 9-day ICEX (Instituto Espanol de Commercio Exterior) mission to Spain. It was a food trip so our host brought us to various parts of the country to savour the local cuisine. We had a very tight schedule so we never really had the chance to explore even its capital city, Madrid. To give you an idea how "hectic" our schedule was, we had traveled over 790 kilometers by high-speed train, over 1,220 kilometers by bus (as per our host’s rough estimate), packed and unpacked at least six times, slept in four different hotels, in between touring a million sweets factory (Delaviuda), three wine cellars in La Rioja, a 1,500 hectare cheese farm (in La Mancha), a 600-hectare family estate olive grove and oil mill, and an exclusive Iberian pig farm in Extramadura where the famous Iberico ham is produced. For lack of time, we had to pass up a tour of three superb art museums in Madrid (the Prado, The Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, and the Museo ThyssenBonemisza), old churches, Don Quixote’s windmills and other Spanish monuments. Nine days aren’t enough to enjoy the numerous places of interest that only Spain can offer. Well, it is in this context that Spain attracted a total of 55.6 million visitors in 2005 alone. "Spain is the second in the world in terms of tourist arrivals next to Paris, France," enthused Enrique Ruiz de Lera, director (South East Asia, Australia, New Zealand and India) of the National Tourism Office of Spain. De Lera was here in Manila recently to launch Spain’s newest campaign — "Smile, you are in Spain" — which seeks to promote Spain as a global tourist destination. At a lunch for members of the press at Cirkulo restaurant in Makati, he discussed TourSpain’s latest undertaking. "Tourism is the main economic sector of Spain. In fact, the country generated revenues of billion last year with income expenditure of 855 euro per trip/person and 86 euro per day/person. The average stay in Spain in 2005 was 10 days," he noted. According to De Lera, Madrid has contributed largely to the figures because it has one of the largest airports in Europe with a capacity to handle 70 million passengers a year. "The new Madrid-Barajas Airport is now taking off since the passengers, airlines and companies demand a more efficient and modern airport with more destinations, more frequent flights and higher quality service," he added. The new terminal has a capacity to handle 35 million passengers during peak hours. By 2010, Spain will have over 13,000 kilometers of motorways and major trunk roads. "The Railway Infrastructure Program includes the extension of the High Speed Rail network so that by 2007, no regions in Spain will be more than four hours from Madrid, the principal point of international access. The transport revolution will also arrive at the 47 civil airports where nine billion euros are to be invested in the infrastructure plan," boasts De Lera. When it comes to meetings, incentives, congresses and exhibitions, Spain rated the number two spot in 2004. The country has invested enormously in this sector in the last few years to enhance its competitive edge, both in hotels, conference centers and unique venues. "This allows us to present a solid infrastructure with 44 conference centers well distributed over the peninsula and a whole hotel base which offers a range of excellent hotels, highly evaluated by visiting delegates," enthused De Lera. Six more conference centers are scheduled to open in 2006, and four others are being planned. With the slogan: "Smile You’re in Spain," the tourism campaign highlights individual tourist products as "Cultural Tourism." The country is now promoting its pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela, language studies tourism, and Spain as a best destination for golf. "Santiago de Compostela was declared in 1993 as a World Heritage Site. The pilgrimage tour has been (for the past 10 centuries) one of the three main pilgrimage routes in the world (Mecca and Jerusalem)," De Lera said. Spanish is the 2nd world universal language with more than 400 million Spanish speakers. Some 100,000 people come to Spain every year to begin their studies or to improve their level of Spanish. "Spain has more than 300 language schools and teaching centres for foreigners," enthused De Lera. For golfers, Spain has 245 golf courses including the wellknown Valderrama Club. Also, it is becoming a European leader for the quality of the courses and the achievements of international Spanish golf players such as Sergio Garcia "El Nino," Severiano Ballesteros, and Jose Maria Olazabal. "Throughout our country you will find a wide range of quality courses, ideal settings for playing this popular sport. But there are a thousand and one other reasons to play golf in Spain and that’s for you to find out. Through the ‘Smile’ campaign, we invite you to experience the hospitality and life-style that make Spain a unique tourist destination," De Lera said with a grin. Fuente: http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2006/02/26/SCTY2006022657277.html manileño March 11th, 2006, 06:14 AM http://www.joen2000.dds.nl/madrid/paz.gif http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/graphics/2004/03/13/wrall13.jpeg http://www.emergency.com/2004/spain_bmb4_031104.jpg http://www.joen2000.dds.nl/madrid/atocha003.jpg manileño March 11th, 2006, 06:14 AM http://www.joen2000.dds.nl/madrid/paz.gif http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/graphics/2004/03/13/wrall13.jpeg http://www.emergency.com/2004/spain_bmb4_031104.jpg http://www.joen2000.dds.nl/madrid/atocha003.jpg kiretoce March 11th, 2006, 06:20 AM A moment of silence please. :sleepy: kiretoce March 11th, 2006, 06:20 AM A moment of silence please. :sleepy: Animo March 11th, 2006, 07:13 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/capt.jpg MADRID, Spain - Spain observed a low-key remembrance of the Madrid terror bombings on Saturday's second anniversary of the attacks, as a delegation from Morocco — home to many of the suspects — fell silent at a station targeted in the massacre. The 70-member delegation, called the Moroccan Caravan for Peace and Solidarity, set out from Morocco in buses on March 5, stopping in several Spanish cities before arriving at Atocha train station on a cold, blustery morning. Members held a red Moroccan flag next to the red-and-yellow one of Spain as they stood in silence inside the station, one of four sites where 10 backpack bombs exploded exactly two years ago, killing 191 people and wounding more than 1,500. The attacks were claimed by al-Qaida, but a two-year investigation has revealed that Osama bin Laden's group gave no logistical or financial support to the bombers, two senior intelligence officials told The Associated Press. Many of the 24 suspects jailed in connection with the massacre are from Morocco, but some had lived in Spain for years. "We want to express our solidarity and support for the Spanish people and show that the Moroccan people are a people of peace and against terrorism," said Mohamed Boujida, a delegation member. He noted that Morocco itself was hit by Islamic terrorists in May 2003 with suicide attacks that killed 45 people, including the bombers. The delegation deposited a wreath of red and white roses and daisies inside the station and wrote messages of condolence on a large-screen computer terminal set up at a memorial site inside the building. The ceremony was the first of several scheduled for a day in which the normally festive atmosphere of a weekend in Spain was replaced by heartbreaking memories of the morning of March 11, 2004. The bombs, loaded with dynamite and shrapnel, turned crowded, rush-hour commuter trains into a maelstrom of bodies and body parts, twisted metal and wailing sirens. Spain's version of Sept. 11 is etched so indelibly in Spaniards' minds that virtually everyone remembers where they were when they learned of the bombings, the frantic rescue efforts, the anguished search for missing loved ones. The computer screen at Atocha station showed images of people crying that day, amid other pictures from a hellish morning. "March 11 is a date I will never forget," said Javier Hervas, 35, who stopped by the terminal Saturday morning on his way to catch a train. "More than anything I remember the silence" that engulfed the city after the massacre. Around the station, a few people lit candles and set them on the ground with flowers. But the outpouring was small compared to last year's display of grief, with only a handful of Spaniards in attendance. Paqui Fernandez, a 40-year-old security guard on her way to work, stopped by the station specifically to honor the victims and was shocked by how few others had made the trip. "In Spain, everything is forgotten right away. I simply could not believe there were so few candles, that there was no one here in comparison to the big outpouring last year. I put myself in the place of the victims and simply want to remember them, to honor their memory," she said. Later Saturday, Christians, Muslims and Jews were to join together for an ecumenical prayer service outside Atocha station. Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero was to attend a noontime wreath-laying ceremony, to be followed by five minutes of silence at the Forest of Remembrance — a grove of 192 olive and cypress trees set up at a Madrid park in memory of the victims. Besides the 191 killed on the trains, a special forces officer died three weeks later when seven suspects holed up in an apartment outside Madrid blew themselves up to avert arrest. As it did last year, the Association of Victims of March 11 was expected to mourn in silence. It was sending no official representative to the ceremony. No one has been tried or even formally charged over the attack, but the judge leading the investigation said this week he expected to hand down the first indictments by April 10. Unlike the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks in America, which united Americans across political lines, at least temporarily, the Madrid bombings proved to be divisive. In elections three days afterward, voters elected the opposition Socialists and unseated a pro-U.S. government that had sent 1,300 peacekeepers to Iraq. Many Spaniards blamed that administration for the attack, saying it had made this country a target for terrorists. The Socialists quickly brought the troops home. http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060311/ap_on_re_eu/spain_bombing_anniversary_1;_ylt=Aq6Ohr9jRti_nnxvudAOLLNatAoB;_ylu=X3oDMTBiMW04NW9mBHNlYwMlJVRPUCUl Animo March 11th, 2006, 07:13 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/capt.jpg MADRID, Spain - Spain observed a low-key remembrance of the Madrid terror bombings on Saturday's second anniversary of the attacks, as a delegation from Morocco — home to many of the suspects — fell silent at a station targeted in the massacre. The 70-member delegation, called the Moroccan Caravan for Peace and Solidarity, set out from Morocco in buses on March 5, stopping in several Spanish cities before arriving at Atocha train station on a cold, blustery morning. Members held a red Moroccan flag next to the red-and-yellow one of Spain as they stood in silence inside the station, one of four sites where 10 backpack bombs exploded exactly two years ago, killing 191 people and wounding more than 1,500. The attacks were claimed by al-Qaida, but a two-year investigation has revealed that Osama bin Laden's group gave no logistical or financial support to the bombers, two senior intelligence officials told The Associated Press. Many of the 24 suspects jailed in connection with the massacre are from Morocco, but some had lived in Spain for years. "We want to express our solidarity and support for the Spanish people and show that the Moroccan people are a people of peace and against terrorism," said Mohamed Boujida, a delegation member. He noted that Morocco itself was hit by Islamic terrorists in May 2003 with suicide attacks that killed 45 people, including the bombers. The delegation deposited a wreath of red and white roses and daisies inside the station and wrote messages of condolence on a large-screen computer terminal set up at a memorial site inside the building. The ceremony was the first of several scheduled for a day in which the normally festive atmosphere of a weekend in Spain was replaced by heartbreaking memories of the morning of March 11, 2004. The bombs, loaded with dynamite and shrapnel, turned crowded, rush-hour commuter trains into a maelstrom of bodies and body parts, twisted metal and wailing sirens. Spain's version of Sept. 11 is etched so indelibly in Spaniards' minds that virtually everyone remembers where they were when they learned of the bombings, the frantic rescue efforts, the anguished search for missing loved ones. The computer screen at Atocha station showed images of people crying that day, amid other pictures from a hellish morning. "March 11 is a date I will never forget," said Javier Hervas, 35, who stopped by the terminal Saturday morning on his way to catch a train. "More than anything I remember the silence" that engulfed the city after the massacre. Around the station, a few people lit candles and set them on the ground with flowers. But the outpouring was small compared to last year's display of grief, with only a handful of Spaniards in attendance. Paqui Fernandez, a 40-year-old security guard on her way to work, stopped by the station specifically to honor the victims and was shocked by how few others had made the trip. "In Spain, everything is forgotten right away. I simply could not believe there were so few candles, that there was no one here in comparison to the big outpouring last year. I put myself in the place of the victims and simply want to remember them, to honor their memory," she said. Later Saturday, Christians, Muslims and Jews were to join together for an ecumenical prayer service outside Atocha station. Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero was to attend a noontime wreath-laying ceremony, to be followed by five minutes of silence at the Forest of Remembrance — a grove of 192 olive and cypress trees set up at a Madrid park in memory of the victims. Besides the 191 killed on the trains, a special forces officer died three weeks later when seven suspects holed up in an apartment outside Madrid blew themselves up to avert arrest. As it did last year, the Association of Victims of March 11 was expected to mourn in silence. It was sending no official representative to the ceremony. No one has been tried or even formally charged over the attack, but the judge leading the investigation said this week he expected to hand down the first indictments by April 10. Unlike the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks in America, which united Americans across political lines, at least temporarily, the Madrid bombings proved to be divisive. In elections three days afterward, voters elected the opposition Socialists and unseated a pro-U.S. government that had sent 1,300 peacekeepers to Iraq. Many Spaniards blamed that administration for the attack, saying it had made this country a target for terrorists. The Socialists quickly brought the troops home. http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060311/ap_on_re_eu/spain_bombing_anniversary_1;_ylt=Aq6Ohr9jRti_nnxvudAOLLNatAoB;_ylu=X3oDMTBiMW04NW9mBHNlYwMlJVRPUCUl Animo March 11th, 2006, 09:00 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Noticias/capt.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/r1173950140.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/capt.jpg VALPARAISO, Chile - Michelle Bachelet, a Socialist pediatrician who suffered prison, torture and exile under Chile's military dictatorship, was sworn in as the nation's first female president on Saturday. Bachelet took her oath before Senate President Eduardo Frei at the crowded Hall of Honor of Chile's Congress in this port city near Santiago. Outgoing President Ricardo Lagos removed the white, red and blue presidential sash he was wearing and handed it to Frei, who placed it on Bachelet. The 54-year-old president appeared relaxed and waved her right hand in response to salutes from people in the stands. Some 30 foreign leaders and several prominent women, including Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, attended. Bachelet's inauguration marks a deep cultural change in this male-dominated, conservative society, where divorce was legalized less than two years ago, abortion remains illegal, and women often earn up to 40 percent less than men doing the same work. Already, she's challenged the traditional power structure by appointing what she calls a "parity government" — with equal numbers of men and women at more than 250 key jobs. She made the appointments without the traditional, lengthy negotiations with the political parties. In addition, Bachelet has also vowed to promote legislation that would force political parties to include a certain percentage of female candidates. Bachelet was elected to a four-year term in a Jan. 15 runoff vote to replace Lagos, a fellow Socialist. Bachelet served as Lagos' defense and health minister. At an International Women's Day celebration, Lagos called Bachelet's election "proof that we have expanded the limits of what is possible in Chile nowadays." A separated mother of three, Bachelet is the first elected Latin American leader who didn't rise to power with the help of a powerful husband. She says her victory reflects profound changes in Chilean society. Bachelet is the daughter of an air force general who was tortured and died in prison for opposing the 1973 military coup led by Gen. Augusto Pinochet. She, too, was briefly imprisoned and tortured before being forced into exile. She is expected to maintain Lagos' free market economic policies that have made Chile's economy one of the healthiest in Latin America. The country had a $5 billion surplus in 2005. Fuente: http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060311/ap_on_re_la_am_ca/chile_bachelet_inauguration Animo March 11th, 2006, 09:00 PM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Noticias/capt.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/r1173950140.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/capt.jpg VALPARAISO, Chile - Michelle Bachelet, a Socialist pediatrician who suffered prison, torture and exile under Chile's military dictatorship, was sworn in as the nation's first female president on Saturday. Bachelet took her oath before Senate President Eduardo Frei at the crowded Hall of Honor of Chile's Congress in this port city near Santiago. Outgoing President Ricardo Lagos removed the white, red and blue presidential sash he was wearing and handed it to Frei, who placed it on Bachelet. The 54-year-old president appeared relaxed and waved her right hand in response to salutes from people in the stands. Some 30 foreign leaders and several prominent women, including Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, attended. Bachelet's inauguration marks a deep cultural change in this male-dominated, conservative society, where divorce was legalized less than two years ago, abortion remains illegal, and women often earn up to 40 percent less than men doing the same work. Already, she's challenged the traditional power structure by appointing what she calls a "parity government" — with equal numbers of men and women at more than 250 key jobs. She made the appointments without the traditional, lengthy negotiations with the political parties. In addition, Bachelet has also vowed to promote legislation that would force political parties to include a certain percentage of female candidates. Bachelet was elected to a four-year term in a Jan. 15 runoff vote to replace Lagos, a fellow Socialist. Bachelet served as Lagos' defense and health minister. At an International Women's Day celebration, Lagos called Bachelet's election "proof that we have expanded the limits of what is possible in Chile nowadays." A separated mother of three, Bachelet is the first elected Latin American leader who didn't rise to power with the help of a powerful husband. She says her victory reflects profound changes in Chilean society. Bachelet is the daughter of an air force general who was tortured and died in prison for opposing the 1973 military coup led by Gen. Augusto Pinochet. She, too, was briefly imprisoned and tortured before being forced into exile. She is expected to maintain Lagos' free market economic policies that have made Chile's economy one of the healthiest in Latin America. The country had a $5 billion surplus in 2005. Fuente: http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060311/ap_on_re_la_am_ca/chile_bachelet_inauguration Animo March 11th, 2006, 09:07 PM :) ¡Felicidades al presidenta! :cheers: Animo March 11th, 2006, 09:07 PM :) ¡Felicidades al presidenta! :cheers: Animo March 12th, 2006, 07:00 PM Spanish: semejantes English: similar ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: Los hoteles son semejantes en Italia, Alemania, Francia, España o Sudamérica. English: Hotels are similar in Italy, Germany, France, Spain or South America. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060312.htm Animo March 12th, 2006, 07:00 PM Spanish: semejantes English: similar ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: Los hoteles son semejantes en Italia, Alemania, Francia, España o Sudamérica. English: Hotels are similar in Italy, Germany, France, Spain or South America. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060312.htm Animo March 12th, 2006, 07:04 PM (Discourse and point of view) In 1677, Fr. Victorio Riccio of the Order of Preachers wrote this discourse expressing his point of view on why the Chinese, also called Sangleyes, should not be allowed to live in the Philippines. He speaks as one who has dealt with the Chinese for thirty years and lived in China for twelve years, and says that knowing them as he does, in conscience he must express what he feels about the Chinese. His arguments: first, the Sangleyes are idolatrous and atheistic and do not honor or serve God; second, the Sangleyes, who are materialistic and do not fear God, are a grave danger to the Catholic faith; third, and closely linked to the second reason, is that the Sangleyes are a bad influence on the new converts to the Faith, who can see that the Chinese enjoy life more and have more wealth in spite of their not being Christian; and fourth, the Sangleyes are not loyal to Spain, having instigated more than seven rebellions against the Spaniards in the Philippine Islands. http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/discurso.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/discurso2.jpg Animo March 12th, 2006, 07:04 PM (Discourse and point of view) In 1677, Fr. Victorio Riccio of the Order of Preachers wrote this discourse expressing his point of view on why the Chinese, also called Sangleyes, should not be allowed to live in the Philippines. He speaks as one who has dealt with the Chinese for thirty years and lived in China for twelve years, and says that knowing them as he does, in conscience he must express what he feels about the Chinese. His arguments: first, the Sangleyes are idolatrous and atheistic and do not honor or serve God; second, the Sangleyes, who are materialistic and do not fear God, are a grave danger to the Catholic faith; third, and closely linked to the second reason, is that the Sangleyes are a bad influence on the new converts to the Faith, who can see that the Chinese enjoy life more and have more wealth in spite of their not being Christian; and fourth, the Sangleyes are not loyal to Spain, having instigated more than seven rebellions against the Spaniards in the Philippine Islands. http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/discurso.jpg http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/discurso2.jpg Animo March 12th, 2006, 11:28 PM España/Filipinas.-Madrid y Manila dan una vigencia de tres años para la V Comisión Mixta hispano-filipina de Cooperación El secretario general de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional (AECI), Juan Pablo de Laiglesia, y el vicedirector ejecutivo del Nacional Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), Rolando Tungpalan, han firmado hoy el acta de la V Comisión Mixta Hispano Filipina de Cooperación, que tendrá una vigencia de tres años, según informó el Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores en un comunicado. La cooperación de España con Filipinas tiene una larga tradición. El primer Convenio Cultural fue suscrito en 1949 y en 1974 se firmó el Convenio Básico de Cooperación. Actualmente las relaciones de cooperación están reguladas por el Tratado de Amistad y Cooperación firmado en el año 2000. La Oficina Técnica de Cooperación se estableció en 1992. Tradicionalmente, Filipinas ha sido el principal receptor de fondos en la región, con una cooperación muy consolidada en distintos niveles, en la que colaboran diferentes instituciones españolas, especialmente ONGD. El Plan Director de la Cooperación Española 2005-2008 consolida esta posición y define a Filipinas como país prioritario, lo que permitirá intensificar la Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo hacia este país a fin de cumplir con los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio. Los recursos asignados a la cooperación no reembolsable en los últimos cinco años alcanzan una media de 8 millones de euros, lo que sitúa a España como primer donante de fondos no reembolsables entre los países miembros de la Unión Europea y el séptimo del mundo. El principal objetivo de la cooperación española en Filipinas es contribuir al desarrollo humano sostenible, fortaleciendo la democracia y atendiendo a la diversidad de la sociedad filipina con especial atención a los sectores más pobres y vulnerables. Así, todas las acciones irán dirigidas a la cobertura de las necesidades sociales básicas, la promoción del tejido económico y empresarial, el medio ambiente, la igualdad de género, la cultura, la gobernanza democrática, la participación ciudadana y el desarrollo institucional. Para lograr una mayor eficacia, tal como dispone el Plan Director, las intervenciones de la cooperación española en Filipinas se apoyarán en la concertación y el consenso entre actores, la coordinación con otros donantes y, sobre todo, en la coincidencia con los objetivos expresados en el Plan de Desarrollo del Gobierno Filipino 2004-2010. La quinta Comisión Mixta Hispano-Filipina no sólo reforzará las buenas relaciones existentes sino que supondrá un fortalecimiento de los vínculos entre los gobiernos y los pueblos de ambos países. Fuente: http://www.lukor.com/not-esp/internacional/0511/30193251.htm Animo March 12th, 2006, 11:28 PM España/Filipinas.-Madrid y Manila dan una vigencia de tres años para la V Comisión Mixta hispano-filipina de Cooperación El secretario general de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional (AECI), Juan Pablo de Laiglesia, y el vicedirector ejecutivo del Nacional Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), Rolando Tungpalan, han firmado hoy el acta de la V Comisión Mixta Hispano Filipina de Cooperación, que tendrá una vigencia de tres años, según informó el Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores en un comunicado. La cooperación de España con Filipinas tiene una larga tradición. El primer Convenio Cultural fue suscrito en 1949 y en 1974 se firmó el Convenio Básico de Cooperación. Actualmente las relaciones de cooperación están reguladas por el Tratado de Amistad y Cooperación firmado en el año 2000. La Oficina Técnica de Cooperación se estableció en 1992. Tradicionalmente, Filipinas ha sido el principal receptor de fondos en la región, con una cooperación muy consolidada en distintos niveles, en la que colaboran diferentes instituciones españolas, especialmente ONGD. El Plan Director de la Cooperación Española 2005-2008 consolida esta posición y define a Filipinas como país prioritario, lo que permitirá intensificar la Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo hacia este país a fin de cumplir con los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio. Los recursos asignados a la cooperación no reembolsable en los últimos cinco años alcanzan una media de 8 millones de euros, lo que sitúa a España como primer donante de fondos no reembolsables entre los países miembros de la Unión Europea y el séptimo del mundo. El principal objetivo de la cooperación española en Filipinas es contribuir al desarrollo humano sostenible, fortaleciendo la democracia y atendiendo a la diversidad de la sociedad filipina con especial atención a los sectores más pobres y vulnerables. Así, todas las acciones irán dirigidas a la cobertura de las necesidades sociales básicas, la promoción del tejido económico y empresarial, el medio ambiente, la igualdad de género, la cultura, la gobernanza democrática, la participación ciudadana y el desarrollo institucional. Para lograr una mayor eficacia, tal como dispone el Plan Director, las intervenciones de la cooperación española en Filipinas se apoyarán en la concertación y el consenso entre actores, la coordinación con otros donantes y, sobre todo, en la coincidencia con los objetivos expresados en el Plan de Desarrollo del Gobierno Filipino 2004-2010. La quinta Comisión Mixta Hispano-Filipina no sólo reforzará las buenas relaciones existentes sino que supondrá un fortalecimiento de los vínculos entre los gobiernos y los pueblos de ambos países. Fuente: http://www.lukor.com/not-esp/internacional/0511/30193251.htm sugarboy March 12th, 2006, 11:34 PM http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/sevilla03.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/sevilla02.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/sevilla01.jpg ¡Hola! Estoy aqui en la cola!^^ sugarboy March 12th, 2006, 11:34 PM http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/sevilla03.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/sevilla02.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/sevilla01.jpg ¡Hola! Estoy aqui en la cola!^^ Animo March 12th, 2006, 11:52 PM ^^ ¿Dónde está eso en Sevilla? ¿Un museo? ¿Usted está en Bacolod? Gracias por las fotos. :cheers: Animo March 12th, 2006, 11:52 PM ^^ ¿Dónde está eso en Sevilla? ¿Un museo? ¿Usted está en Bacolod? Gracias por las fotos. :cheers: drfeelgood17 March 13th, 2006, 12:05 AM ^No, hubo una exposicion en Sevilla en '92. Pienso que todavia se ven siempre las edificias porque no las han quitado todas. drfeelgood17 March 13th, 2006, 12:05 AM ^No, hubo una exposicion en Sevilla en '92. Pienso que todavia se ven siempre las edificias porque no las han quitado todas. Animo March 13th, 2006, 12:12 AM ^^ Ok, gracias. ¡Hola y adiós! :hi: Animo March 13th, 2006, 12:12 AM ^^ Ok, gracias. ¡Hola y adiós! :hi: drfeelgood17 March 13th, 2006, 12:14 AM Ya adios?...vale, talogo, y lo siento de haber asustarte... :) drfeelgood17 March 13th, 2006, 12:14 AM Ya adios?...vale, talogo, y lo siento de haber asustarte... :) sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 01:47 AM http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Philippines_1973/espana02.jpg mis amigos abajo en un calle en Ronda, Andalusia sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 01:47 AM http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Philippines_1973/espana02.jpg mis amigos abajo en un calle en Ronda, Andalusia manileño March 13th, 2006, 02:08 AM ^^ que hiciste en Andalucia, sugarboy? manileño March 13th, 2006, 02:08 AM ^^ que hiciste en Andalucia, sugarboy? sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 02:29 AM i was with my friends doing some "practicum" of sorts when school ended in the summer of `92. while everyone else headed off to barcelona for the olympics, we headed south instead. :) sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 02:29 AM i was with my friends doing some "practicum" of sorts when school ended in the summer of `92. while everyone else headed off to barcelona for the olympics, we headed south instead. :) manileño March 13th, 2006, 02:34 AM ^^ nice. but i still haven't seen you. postea tu cara señor azucarero y tb voy a postear mis fotos de españa. :) manileño March 13th, 2006, 02:34 AM ^^ nice. but i still haven't seen you. postea tu cara señor azucarero y tb voy a postear mis fotos de españa. :) sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 02:43 AM mira vd. en el rincon. tengo un foto en el mercado :) sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 02:43 AM mira vd. en el rincon. tengo un foto en el mercado :) manileño March 13th, 2006, 02:52 AM ^^ hehehe no te puedo ver pero si veo turistas sentados agitando sus manos. eres tu uno de aquellos? :) manileño March 13th, 2006, 02:52 AM ^^ hehehe no te puedo ver pero si veo turistas sentados agitando sus manos. eres tu uno de aquellos? :) sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 02:56 AM i was the one taking the foto from the third floor of the apartment across. which is why i had to put myself in the inset. don't worry. will surely post my foto. i have to sift through all these pics first. sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 02:56 AM i was the one taking the foto from the third floor of the apartment across. which is why i had to put myself in the inset. don't worry. will surely post my foto. i have to sift through all these pics first. manileño March 13th, 2006, 02:56 AM MADRID http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/bffb.jpg Plaza Mayor http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/361a.jpg Palacio Real (ese monumento es del Rey de Filipinas--Rey Felipe II) http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/d698.jpg Catedral de la Almudena (donde Principe Felipe y Letizia Ortiz se casaron) BARCELONA http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/2368.jpg una vista de la ciudad desde el Parc Montjuic http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/7aef.jpg Parc Montjuic VALENCIA http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/15ad.jpg Ciudad de las Artes y Ciencias http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/a1fa.jpg Las Fallas disculpen por las malas fotos :) no tengo muchas fotos de mi estancia en España porque perdi mi camara digital alla antes de salir. :( manileño March 13th, 2006, 02:56 AM MADRID http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/bffb.jpg Plaza Mayor http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/361a.jpg Palacio Real (ese monumento es del Rey de Filipinas--Rey Felipe II) http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/d698.jpg Catedral de la Almudena (donde Principe Felipe y Letizia Ortiz se casaron) BARCELONA http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/2368.jpg una vista de la ciudad desde el Parc Montjuic http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/7aef.jpg Parc Montjuic VALENCIA http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/15ad.jpg Ciudad de las Artes y Ciencias http://i44.photobucket.com/albums/f30/manileno/a1fa.jpg Las Fallas disculpen por las malas fotos :) no tengo muchas fotos de mi estancia en España porque perdi mi camara digital alla antes de salir. :( sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 03:04 AM thanks for sharing manileno! :okay: sugarboy March 13th, 2006, 03:04 AM thanks for sharing manileno! :okay: manileño March 13th, 2006, 03:09 AM ^^ de nada. gracias a ti tb por las fotos de Andalucia. espero mas fotos de ti. :okay: manileño March 13th, 2006, 03:09 AM ^^ de nada. gracias a ti tb por las fotos de Andalucia. espero mas fotos de ti. :okay: drfeelgood17 March 13th, 2006, 03:23 AM ¡Hola Juan! Tus fotos me dan ganas de volver a Madrid y ver también Barcelona y Valencia que parecen tan bonitas. ¿Cuál es tu ciudad preferida de España? Yo siempre tengo agradables recuerdos de mi estancia en Madrid, aunque me robaron la cartera en una callejuela alrededor de la Almudena. :lol: drfeelgood17 March 13th, 2006, 03:23 AM ¡Hola Juan! Tus fotos me dan ganas de volver a Madrid y ver también Barcelona y Valencia que parecen tan bonitas. ¿Cuál es tu ciudad preferida de España? Yo siempre tengo agradables recuerdos de mi estancia en Madrid, aunque me robaron la cartera en una callejuela alrededor de la Almudena. :lol: manileño March 13th, 2006, 03:42 AM ^^ Oi esteban!! que pasa? Bueno, claro que Madrid es mi favorita. Hay muchos sitios alli que me enorgullecen como filipino. el monumento de Rizal, la avenida de las islas filipinas, el ateneo y hotel ingles, atocha de La Solidaridad, etc. Me siento muy orgulloso y hispano en las Castillas y Madrid. :) algun dia volvere para quedarme alli. :yes: manileño March 13th, 2006, 03:42 AM ^^ Oi esteban!! que pasa? Bueno, claro que Madrid es mi favorita. Hay muchos sitios alli que me enorgullecen como filipino. el monumento de Rizal, la avenida de las islas filipinas, el ateneo y hotel ingles, atocha de La Solidaridad, etc. Me siento muy orgulloso y hispano en las Castillas y Madrid. :) algun dia volvere para quedarme alli. :yes: drfeelgood17 March 13th, 2006, 03:53 AM Lo de siempre, Juan! que tal? Yo pienso ir de vacaciones alli este verano, si todo va bien. No me recuerdo de la atocha de la Solidaridad, pues, ni del hotel ingles....creo que no los vi, seguramente son sitios muy interesantes jeje drfeelgood17 March 13th, 2006, 03:53 AM Lo de siempre, Juan! que tal? Yo pienso ir de vacaciones alli este verano, si todo va bien. No me recuerdo de la atocha de la Solidaridad, pues, ni del hotel ingles....creo que no los vi, seguramente son sitios muy interesantes jeje manileño March 13th, 2006, 04:08 AM pues como el rizalista que soy, visite muchos sitios en Madrid que tienen relacion con los sucedimientos de la epoca Revolucionaria de Rizal y los ilustrados en España. Hice un tour que me sugerio nuestra embajada en Madrid y descubri mucho. El Hotel Ingles era donde Jose Rizal felicito a Juan Luna y Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo por haber ganado los premios de la Exposicion. y Atocha era el cuartel general del movimiento y diario filipino "La Solidaridad". :) manileño March 13th, 2006, 04:08 AM pues como el rizalista que soy, visite muchos sitios en Madrid que tienen relacion con los sucedimientos de la epoca Revolucionaria de Rizal y los ilustrados en España. Hice un tour que me sugerio nuestra embajada en Madrid y descubri mucho. El Hotel Ingles era donde Jose Rizal felicito a Juan Luna y Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo por haber ganado los premios de la Exposicion. y Atocha era el cuartel general del movimiento y diario filipino "La Solidaridad". :) Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:05 AM Jeje, muy bonitas sin manileño. :jk: :D ¡Más fotos de España! :happy: Me gustaría visitar Madrid. :cheers: Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:05 AM Jeje, muy bonitas sin manileño. :jk: :D ¡Más fotos de España! :happy: Me gustaría visitar Madrid. :cheers: Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:19 AM http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/1.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/2.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/3.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/4.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/5.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/15.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/16.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/17.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/18.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/19.jpg Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:19 AM http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/1.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/2.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/3.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/4.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/5.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/15.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/16.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/17.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/18.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/19.jpg Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:20 AM http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/6.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/7.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/8.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/9.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/10.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/20.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/21.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/22.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/23.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/24.jpg Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:20 AM http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/6.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/7.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/8.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/9.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/10.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/20.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/21.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/22.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/23.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/24.jpg Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:21 AM http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/11.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/12.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/13.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/14.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/29.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/30.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/31.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/32.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/25.jpg Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:21 AM http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/11.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/12.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/13.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/14.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/29.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/30.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/31.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/32.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/25.jpg Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:27 AM P»A»N»O»R»Á»M»I»C»A http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/26.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/27.jpg P»A»N»O»R»Á»M»I»C»A http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/28.jpg Animo March 13th, 2006, 05:27 AM P»A»N»O»R»Á»M»I»C»A http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/26.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/27.jpg P»A»N»O»R»Á»M»I»C»A http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/28.jpg Animo March 13th, 2006, 08:28 AM Más fotos... :cheers: Anocheciendo en Madrid Nos quedamos justo cuando empezaba a caer la noche sobre Madrid: http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/31.jpg Pues veamos a ver que nos depara el ocaso y la noche... http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/33.jpg El dorado del último rayo de sol se pega a los colores de las fachadas madrileñas como en otras pocas ciudades :drool: (me viene al pensamiento Roma, nada mas y nada menos) http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/34.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/35.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/36.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/32.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/37.jpg Como me encantó esta imagen del Vitalicio recién encendidas sus luces... http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/38.jpg ¡El pulso me jugó una mala pasada! Qué dificil es encuadrar a esos niveles de zoom :bash: ¡Maldita iluminación navideña! http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/39.jpg Que pena que me fallara la iluminación. A esto lo llamo yo "iluminación asimétrica" :D http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/40.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/41.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/42.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/43.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/44.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/45.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/46.jpg P»A»N»O»R»Á»M»I»C»A http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/47.jpg ) Animo March 13th, 2006, 08:28 AM Más fotos... :cheers: Anocheciendo en Madrid Nos quedamos justo cuando empezaba a caer la noche sobre Madrid: http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/31.jpg Pues veamos a ver que nos depara el ocaso y la noche... http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/33.jpg El dorado del último rayo de sol se pega a los colores de las fachadas madrileñas como en otras pocas ciudades :drool: (me viene al pensamiento Roma, nada mas y nada menos) http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/34.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/35.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/36.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/32.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/37.jpg Como me encantó esta imagen del Vitalicio recién encendidas sus luces... http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/38.jpg ¡El pulso me jugó una mala pasada! Qué dificil es encuadrar a esos niveles de zoom :bash: ¡Maldita iluminación navideña! http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/39.jpg Que pena que me fallara la iluminación. A esto lo llamo yo "iluminación asimétrica" :D http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/40.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/41.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/42.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/43.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/44.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/45.jpg http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/46.jpg P»A»N»O»R»Á»M»I»C»A http://personales.alumno.upv.es/~juararo/especiales/madrid/47.jpg ) manileño March 13th, 2006, 07:45 PM Jeje, muy bonitas sin manileño. :jk: :D ¡Más fotos de España! :happy: Me gustaría visitar Madrid. :cheers: je je. sorry Animo. i already deleted those pics of me in Spain. next time na lang when you're online. :) Btw, thanks for posting those postcard fotos of Madrid. i miss it. :cheers: manileño March 13th, 2006, 07:45 PM Jeje, muy bonitas sin manileño. :jk: :D ¡Más fotos de España! :happy: Me gustaría visitar Madrid. :cheers: je je. sorry Animo. i already deleted those pics of me in Spain. next time na lang when you're online. :) Btw, thanks for posting those postcard fotos of Madrid. i miss it. :cheers: Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:12 AM ^^ No problemo. I think those are the same fotos you posted before. :D Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:12 AM ^^ No problemo. I think those are the same fotos you posted before. :D Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:19 AM Spanish: recomendaciones English: recommendations ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: Entonces pida algunas recomendaciones. English: Then ask for some recommendations. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060313.htm Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:19 AM Spanish: recomendaciones English: recommendations ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: Entonces pida algunas recomendaciones. English: Then ask for some recommendations. ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060313.htm Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:21 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/PP00084b.jpg A teacher and one of the first Filipino historians, Leandro Fernandez was born on March 13, 1899 in Pagsanjan, Laguna. He published A Brief History of the Philippines (1919), a textbook for the seventh grade before World War II. Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:21 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/PP00084b.jpg A teacher and one of the first Filipino historians, Leandro Fernandez was born on March 13, 1899 in Pagsanjan, Laguna. He published A Brief History of the Philippines (1919), a textbook for the seventh grade before World War II. Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:23 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/SS00581b.jpg Photo shows the MERALCO power plant, in operation since April 1905. MERALCO, originally known as the Manila Electric Railroad and Light Company, was established on March 14, 1903. It was the first company to be given the franchise to operate electric cars called tanvia and supply electricity to Manila. Its operations were interrupted during the World War II and rehabilitated in 1945. In 1962, its ownership changed from American to Filipino. At present, it remains the only company which supplies electricity to Metro Manila. Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:23 AM http://i38.photobucket.com/albums/e132/restardo/Instituto%20Cervantes/SS00581b.jpg Photo shows the MERALCO power plant, in operation since April 1905. MERALCO, originally known as the Manila Electric Railroad and Light Company, was established on March 14, 1903. It was the first company to be given the franchise to operate electric cars called tanvia and supply electricity to Manila. Its operations were interrupted during the World War II and rehabilitated in 1945. In 1962, its ownership changed from American to Filipino. At present, it remains the only company which supplies electricity to Metro Manila. Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:34 AM By ISABEL CARO WILSON Much has been said and written on the historical distortions in the "Light and Sound" exhibit at Intramuros. I had to see for myself. After viewing the show and listening to the text, replete with half-truths and falsehoods, I was disturbed by the slanted views which could only foment hate and denigrate our heritage. Why must we destroy our past? To correct this anomaly I would like to present a light-hearted reading of history from one who loves her country deeply. When I was ambassador to Spain I was often asked, "Embajadora, que se queda de España en Filipinas?" Literally the question is: "What remains of Spain in the Philippines?" It is a question worth thinking about, and it is good to remind ourselves of the legacy Spain has left in our country. Filipinos are blessed with a symbiosis of two worlds -- Oriental and Occidental -- which has resulted in a country with a unique personality worthy of serious study. A brief analysis of what is a Filipino, as a country and as an individual, will reveal a historical perspective which is both interesting and admirable. Our predominantly Asian roots, three and half centuries of Spanish rule and 50 years of American tutelage have influenced and shaped our Filipino identity. Someone has said that the Filipino is a product of three and a half centuries in a convent and 50 years in Hollywood. This has resulted in a mix of cultures that has produced characteristics which make the Filipino different from other Asians. The Filipino is not wholly Oriental nor totally Occidental. I like to think of the Filipino psyche as a triangle: the base is essentially Asian while the two sides represent Spain and America. Somewhere in between there are Chinese influences. I would explain that our Spanish heritage is evident in our customs, religion, music, dance, cuisine and way of life. To our Spanish friends who lament that the Spanish language has been lost in the Philippines, I explained that Spanish has never been the language spoken by the majority of Filipinos. The idiom was spoken by a minority: the government, the church and Filipino elite. Because of distance, there were relatively few Spaniards who emigrated to the Philippines. However, the friars learned our languages and dialects in order to evangelize our people. These erstwhile missionaries succeeded in preserving our language and to them we owe numerous books and dictionaries on Hispano-Tagalog, bisaya, pampango, bicolano and more. It is estimated that 20 percent of our vocabulary derives from the language of Cervantes. For instance there are common words and expressions we use Daily: kotse, tasa, sepilyo, baso, problema, libro, grabe, kumusta, sige, etc. On the other hand, although we are not aware of it, we have also enriched the Spanish language. Listed in the dictionary edited by the Real Academia are words such as pantalan, baguio, batalan, nipis, jusi, bata, nipa and more. Best known by Spaniards is paypay. Americans taught us English but modern usage has incorporated "taglish" in our spoken and written communications in English. We have also Filipinized a lot of Spanish words. Spaniards find this quite amusing. Our mental process is Filipino, which is then transported in another tongue. This mutation of the language is also done in Iberoamerican countries: Argentina, Mexico, Peru, Chile and so on. "Filipino-speak" goes: "Tu ya cuidao," a literal translation of "Bahala ka na." "No se contigo" -- "Ewan ko sa iyo." "Ellos de Pedro vienen mañana" -- "Darating sila ni Pedro bukas." "Llama na'mas a Juan" -- "Pakitawag lang si Juan." We use "seguro" to say maybe when the word actually means certainly. In the same way, the telephone operator answers "for a while" in English to mean "sandali lang" when the correct phrase should be "just a moment" or "hold on." Aside from linguistics, the Spanish influence is deeply inculcated and through the centuries has become so much a part of us. There are many facets to our culture which derive from our Hispanic tradition. Most of our music and dances have Spanish roots. Our kundiman, romantic and sentimental, is like the Spanish habanera. However, our rendition is sweeter with an Asian orientation. Our rondalla is exactly the same as the Spanish rondalla with the difference being that our instruments are old-fashioned and need modernizing. In some ways time has stood still. There are so many similarities between Spanish and Filipino folk dances. Ours is marked by a softer grace and style, while Spaniards dance with high energy and vigor. A glance at our telephone directory shows an interminable list of Spanish surnames. There is an explanation for this. In 1846, Governor and Captain General Narciso Claveria decided that Filipinos needed surnames. Whenever the priests baptized Filipinos, the new converts were given Christian names; thus, there were Pedros, Juans, Marias, Consuelos and so on -- first names only. The good governor had a list of 66,000 Spanish surnames prepared which were distributed to all the municipios and heads of families selected their surnames. Suddenly there were Garcias, Ramirezes, Molinas and Muñozes, none of whom had a drop of Castilian blood. This heritage of our Spanish past remains today. Our Catholic religion (we are the only Catholic nation in Asia) is probably the most lasting legacy of Spain. Faith is ingrained in our people and this was clearly evident in our bloodless revolution in February 1986. A call from Cardinal Jaime Sin resulted in nearly one million Filipinos massed at EDSA to defend democracy. Spain brought us Christianity, we have embraced it and our religiosity pervades our daily lives. In our quest for liberty, there were many liberal Spaniards who supported our aspirations. The Filipino Propaganda Reform Movement was born in Barcelona and Madrid during the last century. The Katipunan -- clandestine, pro-independent movement -- patterned its manifesto after that of the Spanish masonry. The Philippine Republic of 1898, the first in Asia, adopted the Spanish Constitution of 1876. Spanish was the official language of the new government. A Congress was convened following the practice of the Spanish Cortes. In addition to culture our educational system was started by the Spaniards. Institutions founded by religious orders continue to this day developing and training our youth. Many of our leaders, intellectuals, scientists, etc. are products of the Spanish educational system: University of Santo Tomas, Ateneo de Manila, Colegio de San Juan de Letran, San Beda College, San Sebastian College and the women's colleges, La Concordia, Santa Isabel, Santa Rita, La Consolacion, etc. Our monuments, forts, churches, town plazas, streets and infrastructure were built and designed by Spaniards. We have Fort Santiago, a 16th-century fortress circling the Intramuros; there is Fort San Pedro in Cebu and in Zamboanga, Nuestra Señor del Pilar. These forts are typically Spanish and the only ones of its kind in the Orient. Fortunately we still retain vestiges of our past: street names such as Rosario and Escolta, San Francisco del Monte and Santa Cruz, although our government is doing its best to erase the past and rename these streets; churches of San Agustin, San Sebastian and many more in Manila and all over the Philippines; monuments to Simon de Anda y Salazar, Legazpi and Urdaneta. The bamboo organ of Las Piñas, unique in the world; miraculous images of the Virgen del Rosario, Jesus Nazareno of Quiapo, Santo Sepulcro de Paco, La Virgen de Paz y Buen Viaje (the virgin of Antipolo) and much more. The "Light and Sound" show at Intramuros, which reportedly cost P170 million, is a great disservice to Filipinos past and present. History must be presented objectively and truthfully. Historians and responsible citizens should work together to rectify this very biased presentation. We have a saying: "Ang hindi lumingon sa pinangalingan ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan." Filipino-American Student Association: http://www.wm.edu/so/fasa/spain.htm Animo March 14th, 2006, 01:34 AM By ISABEL CARO WILSON Much has been said and written on the historical distortions in the "Light and Sound" exhibit at Intramuros. I had to see for myself. After viewing the show and listening to the text, replete with half-truths and falsehoods, I was disturbed by the slanted views which could only foment hate and denigrate our heritage. Why must we destroy our past? To correct this anomaly I would like to present a light-hearted reading of history from one who loves her country deeply. When I was ambassador to Spain I was often asked, "Embajadora, que se queda de España en Filipinas?" Literally the question is: "What remains of Spain in the Philippines?" It is a question worth thinking about, and it is good to remind ourselves of the legacy Spain has left in our country. Filipinos are blessed with a symbiosis of two worlds -- Oriental and Occidental -- which has resulted in a country with a unique personality worthy of serious study. A brief analysis of what is a Filipino, as a country and as an individual, will reveal a historical perspective which is both interesting and admirable. Our predominantly Asian roots, three and half centuries of Spanish rule and 50 years of American tutelage have influenced and shaped our Filipino identity. Someone has said that the Filipino is a product of three and a half centuries in a convent and 50 years in Hollywood. This has resulted in a mix of cultures that has produced characteristics which make the Filipino different from other Asians. The Filipino is not wholly Oriental nor totally Occidental. I like to think of the Filipino psyche as a triangle: the base is essentially Asian while the two sides represent Spain and America. Somewhere in between there are Chinese influences. I would explain that our Spanish heritage is evident in our customs, religion, music, dance, cuisine and way of life. To our Spanish friends who lament that the Spanish language has been lost in the Philippines, I explained that Spanish has never been the language spoken by the majority of Filipinos. The idiom was spoken by a minority: the government, the church and Filipino elite. Because of distance, there were relatively few Spaniards who emigrated to the Philippines. However, the friars learned our languages and dialects in order to evangelize our people. These erstwhile missionaries succeeded in preserving our language and to them we owe numerous books and dictionaries on Hispano-Tagalog, bisaya, pampango, bicolano and more. It is estimated that 20 percent of our vocabulary derives from the language of Cervantes. For instance there are common words and expressions we use Daily: kotse, tasa, sepilyo, baso, problema, libro, grabe, kumusta, sige, etc. On the other hand, although we are not aware of it, we have also enriched the Spanish language. Listed in the dictionary edited by the Real Academia are words such as pantalan, baguio, batalan, nipis, jusi, bata, nipa and more. Best known by Spaniards is paypay. Americans taught us English but modern usage has incorporated "taglish" in our spoken and written communications in English. We have also Filipinized a lot of Spanish words. Spaniards find this quite amusing. Our mental process is Filipino, which is then transported in another tongue. This mutation of the language is also done in Iberoamerican countries: Argentina, Mexico, Peru, Chile and so on. "Filipino-speak" goes: "Tu ya cuidao," a literal translation of "Bahala ka na." "No se contigo" -- "Ewan ko sa iyo." "Ellos de Pedro vienen mañana" -- "Darating sila ni Pedro bukas." "Llama na'mas a Juan" -- "Pakitawag lang si Juan." We use "seguro" to say maybe when the word actually means certainly. In the same way, the telephone operator answers "for a while" in English to mean "sandali lang" when the correct phrase should be "just a moment" or "hold on." Aside from linguistics, the Spanish influence is deeply inculcated and through the centuries has become so much a part of us. There are many facets to our culture which derive from our Hispanic tradition. Most of our music and dances have Spanish roots. Our kundiman, romantic and sentimental, is like the Spanish habanera. However, our rendition is sweeter with an Asian orientation. Our rondalla is exactly the same as the Spanish rondalla with the difference being that our instruments are old-fashioned and need modernizing. In some ways time has stood still. There are so many similarities between Spanish and Filipino folk dances. Ours is marked by a softer grace and style, while Spaniards dance with high energy and vigor. A glance at our telephone directory shows an interminable list of Spanish surnames. There is an explanation for this. In 1846, Governor and Captain General Narciso Claveria decided that Filipinos needed surnames. Whenever the priests baptized Filipinos, the new converts were given Christian names; thus, there were Pedros, Juans, Marias, Consuelos and so on -- first names only. The good governor had a list of 66,000 Spanish surnames prepared which were distributed to all the municipios and heads of families selected their surnames. Suddenly there were Garcias, Ramirezes, Molinas and Muñozes, none of whom had a drop of Castilian blood. This heritage of our Spanish past remains today. Our Catholic religion (we are the only Catholic nation in Asia) is probably the most lasting legacy of Spain. Faith is ingrained in our people and this was clearly evident in our bloodless revolution in February 1986. A call from Cardinal Jaime Sin resulted in nearly one million Filipinos massed at EDSA to defend democracy. Spain brought us Christianity, we have embraced it and our religiosity pervades our daily lives. In our quest for liberty, there were many liberal Spaniards who supported our aspirations. The Filipino Propaganda Reform Movement was born in Barcelona and Madrid during the last century. The Katipunan -- clandestine, pro-independent movement -- patterned its manifesto after that of the Spanish masonry. The Philippine Republic of 1898, the first in Asia, adopted the Spanish Constitution of 1876. Spanish was the official language of the new government. A Congress was convened following the practice of the Spanish Cortes. In addition to culture our educational system was started by the Spaniards. Institutions founded by religious orders continue to this day developing and training our youth. Many of our leaders, intellectuals, scientists, etc. are products of the Spanish educational system: University of Santo Tomas, Ateneo de Manila, Colegio de San Juan de Letran, San Beda College, San Sebastian College and the women's colleges, La Concordia, Santa Isabel, Santa Rita, La Consolacion, etc. Our monuments, forts, churches, town plazas, streets and infrastructure were built and designed by Spaniards. We have Fort Santiago, a 16th-century fortress circling the Intramuros; there is Fort San Pedro in Cebu and in Zamboanga, Nuestra Señor del Pilar. These forts are typically Spanish and the only ones of its kind in the Orient. Fortunately we still retain vestiges of our past: street names such as Rosario and Escolta, San Francisco del Monte and Santa Cruz, although our government is doing its best to erase the past and rename these streets; churches of San Agustin, San Sebastian and many more in Manila and all over the Philippines; monuments to Simon de Anda y Salazar, Legazpi and Urdaneta. The bamboo organ of Las Piñas, unique in the world; miraculous images of the Virgen del Rosario, Jesus Nazareno of Quiapo, Santo Sepulcro de Paco, La Virgen de Paz y Buen Viaje (the virgin of Antipolo) and much more. The "Light and Sound" show at Intramuros, which reportedly cost P170 million, is a great disservice to Filipinos past and present. History must be presented objectively and truthfully. Historians and responsible citizens should work together to rectify this very biased presentation. We have a saying: "Ang hindi lumingon sa pinangalingan ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan." Filipino-American Student Association: http://www.wm.edu/so/fasa/spain.htm sugarboy March 14th, 2006, 01:46 AM http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/b500d8ac.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/65b8aaf0.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/b69ca4e7.jpg sugarboy March 14th, 2006, 01:46 AM http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/b500d8ac.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/65b8aaf0.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/b69ca4e7.jpg Animo March 14th, 2006, 02:25 AM ^^ Muy linda. :) Sr. sugarboy is that you? Animo March 14th, 2006, 02:25 AM ^^ Muy linda. :) Sr. sugarboy is that you? sugarboy March 14th, 2006, 02:42 AM si animo. cuando era joven :) sugarboy March 14th, 2006, 02:42 AM si animo. cuando era joven :) sugarboy March 14th, 2006, 02:45 AM ^^ ¿Dónde está eso en Sevilla? ¿Un museo? ¿Usted está en Bacolod? Gracias por las fotos. :cheers: estoy en manila todavia. i found some of my spain pics though. but there's more in bacolod :) sugarboy March 14th, 2006, 02:45 AM ^^ ¿Dónde está eso en Sevilla? ¿Un museo? ¿Usted está en Bacolod? Gracias por las fotos. :cheers: estoy en manila todavia. i found some of my spain pics though. but there's more in bacolod :) Lili March 14th, 2006, 04:16 AM Los fotos de Sugarboy son maravillosos. En sepia tambien. Muy artistico :) Lili March 14th, 2006, 04:16 AM Los fotos de Sugarboy son maravillosos. En sepia tambien. Muy artistico :) Animo March 14th, 2006, 03:29 PM estoy en manila todavia. i found some of my spain pics though. but there's more in bacolod :) Ah, bueno. ¿Usted fue a España para trabajo o visita? Animo March 14th, 2006, 03:29 PM estoy en manila todavia. i found some of my spain pics though. but there's more in bacolod :) Ah, bueno. ¿Usted fue a España para trabajo o visita? driftwood March 14th, 2006, 04:17 PM Nada Valgo Sin Tu Amor (por Juanes) ... Me siento débil cuando estoy sin ti Y me hago fuerte cuando estás aquí Sin ti yo ya no se qué es vivir Mi vida es un túnel sin tu luz Quiero pasar más tiempo junto a ti Recuperar las noches que perdí Vencer el miedo inmenso de morir Y ser eterno junto a ti ... ----- Estoy escuchando el disco "Mi Sangre" de Juanes y mucho gusto me da. De hecho, voy a asistir a su concierto con unos amigos este sabado que viene. driftwood March 14th, 2006, 04:17 PM Nada Valgo Sin Tu Amor (por Juanes) ... Me siento débil cuando estoy sin ti Y me hago fuerte cuando estás aquí Sin ti yo ya no se qué es vivir Mi vida es un túnel sin tu luz Quiero pasar más tiempo junto a ti Recuperar las noches que perdí Vencer el miedo inmenso de morir Y ser eterno junto a ti ... ----- Estoy escuchando el disco "Mi Sangre" de Juanes y mucho gusto me da. De hecho, voy a asistir a su concierto con unos amigos este sabado que viene. Lili March 14th, 2006, 09:35 PM Me siento muy halagado por tu canción Señor Tranquilo. Como el cantante Juanes, tienes lengua dulce, pero parece bifida. Estas un coqueto. Sin embargo, gracias por tu dedicación. Esta muy conmovedor ;). Bueno, disfruta de tu concierto con tus amigos en sabado que viene. :) Lili March 14th, 2006, 09:35 PM Me siento muy halagado por tu canción Señor Tranquilo. Como el cantante Juanes, tienes lengua dulce, pero parece bifida. Estas un coqueto. Sin embargo, gracias por tu dedicación. Esta muy conmovedor ;). Bueno, disfruta de tu concierto con tus amigos en sabado que viene. :) driftwood March 14th, 2006, 11:52 PM ^^ Qué chistosita eres, señorita Lili. :lol: Conoces a Juanes, señorita? Qué piensas de él y de sus canciones? driftwood March 14th, 2006, 11:52 PM ^^ Qué chistosita eres, señorita Lili. :lol: Conoces a Juanes, señorita? Qué piensas de él y de sus canciones? Animo March 15th, 2006, 12:32 AM Republic Act No. 9187, initiated and authored by Senator Edgardo Angara and signed into law by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo in 2003, proclaimed June 30 each year as Philippine-Spanish Friendship Day. It was the day in 1899 that President Emilio Aguinaldo signed a decree declaring as friends, not prisoners of war, the Spanish soldiers who surrendered to the Filipino soldiers after the long siege, of almost a year, of the Baler church where the Spaniards held out. The same decree granted the Spanish soldiers safe conduct to return to Spain. President Aguinaldo extended to the Spanish soldiers a brotherly appreciation of their loyalty and gallantry in defense of a universal code of honor and demonstrated to the world the magnanimity of the Filipino heart even after a long period of enmity and conflict. The soldiers reciprocated with expressions of gratitude for the hospitality and generosity of the Filipinos. As observed in Republic Act 9187, the act of benevolence of Filipinos in Baler paved the way for better relations between the Philippines and Spain. Now that by hindsight we are better able to make an objective assessment of the Spanish legacy in the Philippines, we can without much difficulty explain the events in Baler. That legacy has made brothers of Filipinos and Spaniards. And, in the memorable conclusion of the historian Encarnacion Alzona, “the separation of Spain and the Philippines in 1898 was only political. The spiritual ties established between them … cannot be erased by a mere political event.” It is true that the Philippines has the distinction of being the only former Spanish colony that is not predominantly Spanish-speaking. This was due to the policy of colonizers in the Philippines to learn the local languages rather than impose Spanish as the language of the colony. But still a third of the Philippine national language is composed of Spanish loan words. Other Philippine languages and dialects also incorporate numerous Spanish words. And furthermore still, most of our names are Spanish as well as those of places in the country. More substantively, the Spanish influence is very much in evidence on our tables as we relish dishes such as arroz a la Valenciana, relleno, menudo, mechado, chorizo, torta, tortilla, paella, puchero, embutido, estofado, tocino, turon, and leche flan, which we all know and call Philippine food. The influence of Spain can also be abundantly found in the arts. It can be discerned in the works of artists like Damian Domingo and Juan Luna. While the rhythms may be more languid, the familiar folk dances of the Philippines like the Pandanggo, Kurratsa, and the Habanera, have Hispanic roots. Elements of the Spanish legacy may be found in the development of Philippine literature and theatre, with the corrido and awit, the comedia and the zarzuela influenced by Spanish literary and theatrical forms. The Spaniards also contributed significantly to Philippine architecture, being the first to put up edifices made of brick, stone and volcanic tufa or adobe. Churches constructed in the style that became known as “earthquake baroque” are found in various places in the Philippines and several of them have been recognized as UNESCO heritage sites. Spanish missionaries were responsible for bringing to the Philippines the benefits of Western medicine and science, building the first clinics and hospitals, among them, the San Juan de Dios which exists to this day. They started schools and colleges, like the University of Santo Tomas, the first and oldest university in Asia, and the Ateneo de Manila. The Spanish influence extended into the present-day political and legal structure of the Philippines. The Spaniards were responsible for organizing the Philippines into provinces, towns, provincial capitals and, of course, the location of the national capital in Manila. The Spanish legacy also includes the beginnings of the Philippine economy. It was the Spaniards who started the construction industry with the quarrying of stone, adobe and marble. They introduced animal husbandry and made industries of the cultivation of agricultural products like tobacco, sugar, cotton, abaca, cinnamon, and pepper. They established factories that produced silk, porcelain, hemp, linen and cotton. They also brought banking to the Philippines. But what the Filipinos agree to be the most important contribution of Spain in the Philippines was the introduction of Christianity. Christian values complemented and reinforced the positive Filipino traits: love of family, self-sacrifice, helpfulness, generosity, excellence at work, optimism and prayerfulness. Christianity also influenced the yearly cycle of our holidays and feasts, some of which have developed into great, colorful festivals unique to our culture which attract tourists, such as the Ati-atihan, Moriones and Pahiyas. All these are but a sampling of the pervasive influences of Spain in the history and life of the Filipino nation. These influences constitute a strong bond for the partnership between the Philippines and Spain presaged by the events in Baler in 1899. It is that of a partnership between two sovereign nations founded on mutual respect and common traditions and values. It is today a partnership between two countries committed to the ideals of freedom, democracy, and human rights. The reinvigoration of Philippines-Spain relations has followed the emergence in the world scene of the European Union as an increasingly cohesive grouping of advanced countries and of ASEAN as the fastest-growing region. These two regions have recognized the value of cooperating with each other and have in fact organized themselves into the Asia Europe Meeting. This celebration is an indication of the desire of the Philippines to strengthen its ties with Spain and Europe. For its part, Spain, parallel to the European Union, has declared it her policy to pay greater attention to its ties with Southeast Asia. Naturally for Spain, this should start with its former colony, the Philippines. Spain has thus been very supportive of the economic development efforts of the country; its Official Development Assistance program in the Philippines is its biggest in Asia. Today, relations between the Philippines and Spain have been closer then ever, with cooperation strengthened in many areas and at all levels, bilateral as well as multilateral. At the multilateral level, the Philippines and Spain have often supported each other, such as on candidatures in international organizations, including the United Nations. Recently, with Philippine support, Spain was chosen to host the World Expo in 2008. The Philippines and Spain have renewed their 1947 Treaty of Friendship, expanding it to a Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation in the year 2000. Our countries have forged agreements on the areas of culture, transportation, tourism, investments, social security, financial cooperation, political cooperation and technical cooperation. We look forward to further cooperation on culture, energy and tourism. We also have great expectations for our relations with the launching of the Philippine-Spain Cultural Year in Barcelona next year by Casa Asia, and the launching of the Foro Hispano-Filipino in the two countries. (June 2006) Indeed, we can only be quite positive about the future of Philippines-Spain relations, about the friendship between the Philippines and Spain enduring and becoming even stronger in the future. As the slogan of the celebration has aptly captured, La Amistad Duradera Entre Filipinas y España. Fuente: http://www.dfa.gov.ph/archive/speech/romulo/rpspanish.htm Animo March 15th, 2006, 12:32 AM Republic Act No. 9187, initiated and authored by Senator Edgardo Angara and signed into law by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo in 2003, proclaimed June 30 each year as Philippine-Spanish Friendship Day. It was the day in 1899 that President Emilio Aguinaldo signed a decree declaring as friends, not prisoners of war, the Spanish soldiers who surrendered to the Filipino soldiers after the long siege, of almost a year, of the Baler church where the Spaniards held out. The same decree granted the Spanish soldiers safe conduct to return to Spain. President Aguinaldo extended to the Spanish soldiers a brotherly appreciation of their loyalty and gallantry in defense of a universal code of honor and demonstrated to the world the magnanimity of the Filipino heart even after a long period of enmity and conflict. The soldiers reciprocated with expressions of gratitude for the hospitality and generosity of the Filipinos. As observed in Republic Act 9187, the act of benevolence of Filipinos in Baler paved the way for better relations between the Philippines and Spain. Now that by hindsight we are better able to make an objective assessment of the Spanish legacy in the Philippines, we can without much difficulty explain the events in Baler. That legacy has made brothers of Filipinos and Spaniards. And, in the memorable conclusion of the historian Encarnacion Alzona, “the separation of Spain and the Philippines in 1898 was only political. The spiritual ties established between them … cannot be erased by a mere political event.” It is true that the Philippines has the distinction of being the only former Spanish colony that is not predominantly Spanish-speaking. This was due to the policy of colonizers in the Philippines to learn the local languages rather than impose Spanish as the language of the colony. But still a third of the Philippine national language is composed of Spanish loan words. Other Philippine languages and dialects also incorporate numerous Spanish words. And furthermore still, most of our names are Spanish as well as those of places in the country. More substantively, the Spanish influence is very much in evidence on our tables as we relish dishes such as arroz a la Valenciana, relleno, menudo, mechado, chorizo, torta, tortilla, paella, puchero, embutido, estofado, tocino, turon, and leche flan, which we all know and call Philippine food. The influence of Spain can also be abundantly found in the arts. It can be discerned in the works of artists like Damian Domingo and Juan Luna. While the rhythms may be more languid, the familiar folk dances of the Philippines like the Pandanggo, Kurratsa, and the Habanera, have Hispanic roots. Elements of the Spanish legacy may be found in the development of Philippine literature and theatre, with the corrido and awit, the comedia and the zarzuela influenced by Spanish literary and theatrical forms. The Spaniards also contributed significantly to Philippine architecture, being the first to put up edifices made of brick, stone and volcanic tufa or adobe. Churches constructed in the style that became known as “earthquake baroque” are found in various places in the Philippines and several of them have been recognized as UNESCO heritage sites. Spanish missionaries were responsible for bringing to the Philippines the benefits of Western medicine and science, building the first clinics and hospitals, among them, the San Juan de Dios which exists to this day. They started schools and colleges, like the University of Santo Tomas, the first and oldest university in Asia, and the Ateneo de Manila. The Spanish influence extended into the present-day political and legal structure of the Philippines. The Spaniards were responsible for organizing the Philippines into provinces, towns, provincial capitals and, of course, the location of the national capital in Manila. The Spanish legacy also includes the beginnings of the Philippine economy. It was the Spaniards who started the construction industry with the quarrying of stone, adobe and marble. They introduced animal husbandry and made industries of the cultivation of agricultural products like tobacco, sugar, cotton, abaca, cinnamon, and pepper. They established factories that produced silk, porcelain, hemp, linen and cotton. They also brought banking to the Philippines. But what the Filipinos agree to be the most important contribution of Spain in the Philippines was the introduction of Christianity. Christian values complemented and reinforced the positive Filipino traits: love of family, self-sacrifice, helpfulness, generosity, excellence at work, optimism and prayerfulness. Christianity also influenced the yearly cycle of our holidays and feasts, some of which have developed into great, colorful festivals unique to our culture which attract tourists, such as the Ati-atihan, Moriones and Pahiyas. All these are but a sampling of the pervasive influences of Spain in the history and life of the Filipino nation. These influences constitute a strong bond for the partnership between the Philippines and Spain presaged by the events in Baler in 1899. It is that of a partnership between two sovereign nations founded on mutual respect and common traditions and values. It is today a partnership between two countries committed to the ideals of freedom, democracy, and human rights. The reinvigoration of Philippines-Spain relations has followed the emergence in the world scene of the European Union as an increasingly cohesive grouping of advanced countries and of ASEAN as the fastest-growing region. These two regions have recognized the value of cooperating with each other and have in fact organized themselves into the Asia Europe Meeting. This celebration is an indication of the desire of the Philippines to strengthen its ties with Spain and Europe. For its part, Spain, parallel to the European Union, has declared it her policy to pay greater attention to its ties with Southeast Asia. Naturally for Spain, this should start with its former colony, the Philippines. Spain has thus been very supportive of the economic development efforts of the country; its Official Development Assistance program in the Philippines is its biggest in Asia. Today, relations between the Philippines and Spain have been closer then ever, with cooperation strengthened in many areas and at all levels, bilateral as well as multilateral. At the multilateral level, the Philippines and Spain have often supported each other, such as on candidatures in international organizations, including the United Nations. Recently, with Philippine support, Spain was chosen to host the World Expo in 2008. The Philippines and Spain have renewed their 1947 Treaty of Friendship, expanding it to a Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation in the year 2000. Our countries have forged agreements on the areas of culture, transportation, tourism, investments, social security, financial cooperation, political cooperation and technical cooperation. We look forward to further cooperation on culture, energy and tourism. We also have great expectations for our relations with the launching of the Philippine-Spain Cultural Year in Barcelona next year by Casa Asia, and the launching of the Foro Hispano-Filipino in the two countries. (June 2006) Indeed, we can only be quite positive about the future of Philippines-Spain relations, about the friendship between the Philippines and Spain enduring and becoming even stronger in the future. As the slogan of the celebration has aptly captured, La Amistad Duradera Entre Filipinas y España. Fuente: http://www.dfa.gov.ph/archive/speech/romulo/rpspanish.htm Animo March 15th, 2006, 12:38 AM http://www.dfa.gov.ph/news/pr/pr2005/may/rpspain.jpg Foreign Affairs Secretary Alberto G. Romulo and Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation Miguel Angel Moratinos agreed to further deepen the cultural ties between their countries and reiterated their commitment to cooperate in the fight against terrorism. 7 May 2005, Kyoto, Japan – Meeting at the sidelines of the 7th Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) Foreign Ministers’ Meeting, Foreign Affairs Secretary Alberto G. Romulo and Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation Miguel Angel Moratinos agreed to further deepen the cultural ties between their countries and reiterated their commitment to cooperate in the fight against terrorism. Minister Moratinos also expressed the hope that President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo could visit Spain before the end of the year. “We agreed to increase our cultural exchanges, to build stronger bridges between our peoples,” the Secretary said after his meeting with Minister Moratinos. “To do this and to broaden our relations even further, we will establish the Foro Hispana-Filipino (Philippines-Spain Forum) which will involve other sectors of Philippine and Spanish society, including the academe, business and media sectors,” the Secretary said. “Building cultural links are all part of promoting dialogue between faiths and among civilizations, which in turn promotes greater tolerance and understanding,” he added. While dialogue is important in preventing terrorism, it is also important to cooperate, particularly in terms of intelligence exchange and capacity building, to fight and defeat terrorism, according to Secretary Romulo. “It is in this context that we both agreed to also increase our intelligence sharing in our common fight against terrorism. We will fight terrorism by promoting tolerance. We will also fight terrorism by cooperating in better understanding terrorist tactics and by seeking out and defeating them,” Secretary Romulo said. During their meeting, the two ministers also discussed regional security issues and the reform of the United Nations. Secretary Romulo is currently attending the 7th Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) Foreign Ministers’ Meeting, which gathers together 39 other foreign ministers and heads of delegations from Asia and Europe. END Fuente: http://www.dfa.gov.ph/news/pr/pr2005/may/pr268.htm Animo March 15th, 2006, 12:38 AM http://www.dfa.gov.ph/news/pr/pr2005/may/rpspain.jpg Foreign Affairs Secretary Alberto G. Romulo and Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation Miguel Angel Moratinos agreed to further deepen the cultural ties between their countries and reiterated their commitment to cooperate in the fight against terrorism. 7 May 2005, Kyoto, Japan – Meeting at the sidelines of the 7th Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) Foreign Ministers’ Meeting, Foreign Affairs Secretary Alberto G. Romulo and Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation Miguel Angel Moratinos agreed to further deepen the cultural ties between their countries and reiterated their commitment to cooperate in the fight against terrorism. Minister Moratinos also expressed the hope that President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo could visit Spain before the end of the year. “We agreed to increase our cultural exchanges, to build stronger bridges between our peoples,” the Secretary said after his meeting with Minister Moratinos. “To do this and to broaden our relations even further, we will establish the Foro Hispana-Filipino (Philippines-Spain Forum) which will involve other sectors of Philippine and Spanish society, including the academe, business and media sectors,” the Secretary said. “Building cultural links are all part of promoting dialogue between faiths and among civilizations, which in turn promotes greater tolerance and understanding,” he added. While dialogue is important in preventing terrorism, it is also important to cooperate, particularly in terms of intelligence exchange and capacity building, to fight and defeat terrorism, according to Secretary Romulo. “It is in this context that we both agreed to also increase our intelligence sharing in our common fight against terrorism. We will fight terrorism by promoting tolerance. We will also fight terrorism by cooperating in better understanding terrorist tactics and by seeking out and defeating them,” Secretary Romulo said. During their meeting, the two ministers also discussed regional security issues and the reform of the United Nations. Secretary Romulo is currently attending the 7th Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) Foreign Ministers’ Meeting, which gathers together 39 other foreign ministers and heads of delegations from Asia and Europe. END Fuente: http://www.dfa.gov.ph/news/pr/pr2005/may/pr268.htm manileño March 15th, 2006, 12:45 AM @sugarboy muy bien verte cuando eras jovencito. :D fuiste a España en el 92 para los juegos olimpicos de Barcelona verdad? mi cancion favorita de Juanes se titula "A Dios le pido." :D manileño March 15th, 2006, 12:45 AM @sugarboy muy bien verte cuando eras jovencito. :D fuiste a España en el 92 para los juegos olimpicos de Barcelona verdad? mi cancion favorita de Juanes se titula "A Dios le pido." :D Lili March 15th, 2006, 01:06 AM ^^ Qué chistosita eres, señorita Lili. :lol: Conoces a Juanes, señorita? Qué piensas de él y de sus canciones? Sí, conozco a Juanes pero no estoy familiar con todos de sus canciones. Él es muy simpatico y un musico de talento. Lili March 15th, 2006, 01:06 AM ^^ Qué chistosita eres, señorita Lili. :lol: Conoces a Juanes, señorita? Qué piensas de él y de sus canciones? Sí, conozco a Juanes pero no estoy familiar con todos de sus canciones. Él es muy simpatico y un musico de talento. sugarboy March 15th, 2006, 01:18 AM Ah, bueno. ¿Usted fue a España para trabajo o visita? fuimos (con mis amigos de Londres) para una programa como "practicum" después de graduación. @animo, there were two big activities in spain in `92. the olympics and expo in seville. we didn't go up to barcelona anymore. expo was really fun because each spanish province had its own huge exhibition hall. as such, visiting each hall was like visiting each province. talk about touring the entire spain in a day! very educational! sugarboy March 15th, 2006, 01:18 AM Ah, bueno. ¿Usted fue a España para trabajo o visita? fuimos (con mis amigos de Londres) para una programa como "practicum" después de graduación. @animo, there were two big activities in spain in `92. the olympics and expo in seville. we didn't go up to barcelona anymore. expo was really fun because each spanish province had its own huge exhibition hall. as such, visiting each hall was like visiting each province. talk about touring the entire spain in a day! very educational! Animo March 15th, 2006, 04:35 AM ^^ That exposition must have been really good. Its nice to see and know the different regions in one place. Thanks for reminding me of the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona. I think I was still playing my Snakes and Ladders during that time. :D Animo March 15th, 2006, 04:35 AM ^^ That exposition must have been really good. Its nice to see and know the different regions in one place. Thanks for reminding me of the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona. I think I was still playing my Snakes and Ladders during that time. :D sugarboy March 15th, 2006, 11:38 AM http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/4b2d71ca.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/8336d59e.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/c2549a63.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/3932a86b.jpg sugarboy March 15th, 2006, 11:38 AM http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/4b2d71ca.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/8336d59e.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/c2549a63.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/3932a86b.jpg driftwood March 15th, 2006, 10:00 PM Nice fotos, batang asukal. :okay: driftwood March 15th, 2006, 10:00 PM Nice fotos, batang asukal. :okay: driftwood March 15th, 2006, 10:08 PM @sugarboy muy bien verte cuando eras jovencito. :D fuiste a España en el 92 para los juegos olimpicos de Barcelona verdad? mi cancion favorita de Juanes se titula "A Dios le pido." :D Estas seguro, juan? No piensas que la canción "DÁMELO" te vaya mejor? :lol: DÁMELO ... Hola que tal nena como estas? Me llamo Juan, tú? De donde eres? donde vives? Trabajas o estudias? Viniste sola o viniste con tu novio ? Ah que no? no tienes novio? Ah que bien eso me suena a mi mucho mejor Porque no vamos entonces a bailar Perdón mejor debo decir primero que quieres tomar? ... driftwood March 15th, 2006, 10:08 PM @sugarboy muy bien verte cuando eras jovencito. :D fuiste a España en el 92 para los juegos olimpicos de Barcelona verdad? mi cancion favorita de Juanes se titula "A Dios le pido." :D Estas seguro, juan? No piensas que la canción "DÁMELO" te vaya mejor? :lol: DÁMELO ... Hola que tal nena como estas? Me llamo Juan, tú? De donde eres? donde vives? Trabajas o estudias? Viniste sola o viniste con tu novio ? Ah que no? no tienes novio? Ah que bien eso me suena a mi mucho mejor Porque no vamos entonces a bailar Perdón mejor debo decir primero que quieres tomar? ... Animo March 16th, 2006, 12:42 AM Para sugarboy... :) CENTRO DE LA CIUDAD. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg1.jpg CENTRO CIUDAD, MÁLAGA ESTE Y MÁLAGA NORTE. Podéis observar el crecimiento de la ciudad hacia el valle del guadalhorce, y también la construcción de la parcela desde la desembocadura del Guadalhorce hasta el palacio de deportes Martín Carpena. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg2.jpg EN EL CENTRO, LAS FACULTADES DEL COMPLEJO UNIVERSITARIO DE EL EJIDO. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg3.jpg SEMINARIO. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg4.jpg MÁLAGA NOCTURNA, DESDE LA AV. ANDALUCÍA Y LA ALAMEDA PRINCIPAL. Podemos ver el Edificio de Hacienda frente a la catedral, La equitativa, El Hotel AC Málaga Palacio (lo destruiría para siempre y lo odio), y al fondo el Castillo Gibralfaro. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg5.jpg http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg12.jpg FUENTE DE LAS GITANILLAS EN LA PLAZA DEL POETA MANUÉL ALCÁNTARA (junto al Corte Inglés). http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg6.jpg AV. ANDALUCÍA. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg7.jpg CALLE PASEO DE SANCHA, MONTE DE SANCHA Y MÁLAGA OESTE. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg8.jpg MORLACO, MONTE CLAVERO. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg11.jpg CALLE PASEO DE RÉDING. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg9.jpg http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg10.jpg Animo March 16th, 2006, 12:42 AM Para sugarboy... :) CENTRO DE LA CIUDAD. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg1.jpg CENTRO CIUDAD, MÁLAGA ESTE Y MÁLAGA NORTE. Podéis observar el crecimiento de la ciudad hacia el valle del guadalhorce, y también la construcción de la parcela desde la desembocadura del Guadalhorce hasta el palacio de deportes Martín Carpena. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg2.jpg EN EL CENTRO, LAS FACULTADES DEL COMPLEJO UNIVERSITARIO DE EL EJIDO. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg3.jpg SEMINARIO. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg4.jpg MÁLAGA NOCTURNA, DESDE LA AV. ANDALUCÍA Y LA ALAMEDA PRINCIPAL. Podemos ver el Edificio de Hacienda frente a la catedral, La equitativa, El Hotel AC Málaga Palacio (lo destruiría para siempre y lo odio), y al fondo el Castillo Gibralfaro. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg5.jpg http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg12.jpg FUENTE DE LAS GITANILLAS EN LA PLAZA DEL POETA MANUÉL ALCÁNTARA (junto al Corte Inglés). http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg6.jpg AV. ANDALUCÍA. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg7.jpg CALLE PASEO DE SANCHA, MONTE DE SANCHA Y MÁLAGA OESTE. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg8.jpg MORLACO, MONTE CLAVERO. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg11.jpg CALLE PASEO DE RÉDING. http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg9.jpg http://personales.ya.com/warlogland/imagenes/arq/mlg10.jpg Animo March 16th, 2006, 12:50 AM Otra vez Sevilla... :) http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/01.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/02.jpg Desde la misma plaza, miramos hacia la Catedral y la Giralda. Para no variar, la zona con obras y para rematar con una especie de mercadillo navideño. http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/03.jpg Una vista de la plaza Virgen de Reyes y el Palacio Arzobispal, también de obras. http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/04.jpg Ahora otra foto desde los pies de la Giralda, hacia la calle Alemanes http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/05.jpg Un par de fotografías tomadas desde la calle Alemanes. http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/06.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/08.jpg Una vez aquí, no pude resistirme y tirarle una foto a la catedral desde la Puerta del Perdón. http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/07.jpg Salimos ya a la Avenida http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/09.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/10.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/11.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/12.jpg Llegamos a la Plaza de San Francisco. http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/5013/148jt.jpg Una vista de la Plaza Nueva desde la Plaza de San Francisco http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/15.jpg Estas vistas están tomadas desde el arquillo del Ayuntamiento. En primer termino, el edificio de Filella http://img457.imageshack.us/img457/5106/165ac.jpg Ahora miramos hacia la Plaza de San Francisco http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/3658/179ux.jpg Otra más mirando hacia la Avenida http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/5482/198zt.jpg Algunas de la plaza de San Francisco. Se puede ver la pista de hielo que han montado los de Antena3 http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/1329/187ac.jpg http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/5572/204cf.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/21.jpg Desde la plaza de San Francisco, mirando a la calle Sierpes http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/22.jpg Y para finalizar, unas cuantas vistas de la Plaza Nueva http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/23.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/24.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/25.jpg Ayuntamiento http://img457.imageshack.us/img457/7016/260zc.jpg Animo March 16th, 2006, 12:50 AM Otra vez Sevilla... :) http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/01.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/02.jpg Desde la misma plaza, miramos hacia la Catedral y la Giralda. Para no variar, la zona con obras y para rematar con una especie de mercadillo navideño. http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/03.jpg Una vista de la plaza Virgen de Reyes y el Palacio Arzobispal, también de obras. http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/04.jpg Ahora otra foto desde los pies de la Giralda, hacia la calle Alemanes http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/05.jpg Un par de fotografías tomadas desde la calle Alemanes. http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/06.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/08.jpg Una vez aquí, no pude resistirme y tirarle una foto a la catedral desde la Puerta del Perdón. http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/07.jpg Salimos ya a la Avenida http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/09.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/10.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/11.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/12.jpg Llegamos a la Plaza de San Francisco. http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/5013/148jt.jpg Una vista de la Plaza Nueva desde la Plaza de San Francisco http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/15.jpg Estas vistas están tomadas desde el arquillo del Ayuntamiento. En primer termino, el edificio de Filella http://img457.imageshack.us/img457/5106/165ac.jpg Ahora miramos hacia la Plaza de San Francisco http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/3658/179ux.jpg Otra más mirando hacia la Avenida http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/5482/198zt.jpg Algunas de la plaza de San Francisco. Se puede ver la pista de hielo que han montado los de Antena3 http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/1329/187ac.jpg http://img453.imageshack.us/img453/5572/204cf.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/21.jpg Desde la plaza de San Francisco, mirando a la calle Sierpes http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/22.jpg Y para finalizar, unas cuantas vistas de la Plaza Nueva http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/23.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/24.jpg http://i20.photobucket.com/albums/b212/jr_ponce85/Sevilla%20nocturnas/25.jpg Ayuntamiento http://img457.imageshack.us/img457/7016/260zc.jpg Animo March 16th, 2006, 12:55 AM SEVILLA: visita al centro, la feria... :) http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/51.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/52.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/53.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/54.jpg La Plaza del Duque http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/55.jpg La Plaza de la Camapana http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/56.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/57.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/58.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/59.jpg La Calle Sierpes http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/60.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/61.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/62.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/63.jpg Ayuntamiento y Plaza Nueva http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/64.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/65.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/66.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/67.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/68.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/69.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/70.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/71.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/72.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/73.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/74.jpg La Catedral con su Giralda http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/75.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/76.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/77.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/78.jpg Barrio de Santa Cruz http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/79.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/80.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/81.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/82.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/83.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/84.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/85.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/86.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/87.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/88.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/89.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/90.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/91.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/92.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/93.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/94.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/95.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/96.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/97.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/98.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/99.jpg Enga, vamono pa la feria!! http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/100.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/101.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/102.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/103.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/104.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/105.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/106.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/107.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/108.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/109.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/110.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/111.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/112.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/113.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/114.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/115.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/116.jpg Animo March 16th, 2006, 12:55 AM SEVILLA: visita al centro, la feria... :) http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/51.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/52.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/53.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/54.jpg La Plaza del Duque http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/55.jpg La Plaza de la Camapana http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/56.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/57.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/58.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/59.jpg La Calle Sierpes http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/60.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/61.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/62.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/63.jpg Ayuntamiento y Plaza Nueva http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/64.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/65.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/66.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/67.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/68.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/69.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/70.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/71.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/72.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/73.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/74.jpg La Catedral con su Giralda http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/75.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/76.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/77.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/78.jpg Barrio de Santa Cruz http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/79.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/80.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/81.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/82.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/83.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/84.jpg 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http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/96.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/97.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/98.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/99.jpg Enga, vamono pa la feria!! http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/100.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/101.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/102.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/103.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/104.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/105.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/106.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/107.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/108.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/109.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/110.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/111.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/112.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/113.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/114.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/115.jpg http://i4.photobucket.com/albums/y145/Badajocense001/SEVILLA%20Y%20LA%20FERIA/116.jpg Animo March 17th, 2006, 03:58 AM Las campanas de Balangiga, una obra musical del Grupo Cultural Pintig, se estrenó hace poco en Chicago. Cuenta la historia de la resistencia heroica de Balangiga, un pequeño pueblo de Filipinas, que en 1901 logró emboscar a las tropas estadounidenses que lo habían ocupado. Rodolfo Carlos Vera, el autor de la obra, la montó por primera vez hace dos años con un grupo de teatro de provincia y la presentaron por todo Samar, la isla donde está Balangiga. Ahora el Grupo Cultural Pintig la presentará en Estados Unidos. Angela Mascareñas, miembro fundador de Pintig y directora de escena de la obra, escribió en las notas del programa: "Las campanas de Balangiga es más que una obra musical. Examina el colonialismo y la historia de las relaciones entre Filipinas y Estados Unidos, y da a conocer la historia de la agresión yanqui a finales del siglo 19, una historia que no aparece en los libros de historia ni en los documentales. Y lo que es más importante, es un esfuerzo consciente de hacer escuchar las voces marginadas de los filipinos colonizados y de los que siguen sufriendo la opresión neocolonial bajo el yugo del imperialismo yanqui.... Dedicamos esta obra a todos los filipinos que han muerto por justicia y libertad, y a los que siguen luchando por ellas allá y en el mundo entero; ofrecemos las canciones, la historia y las lecciones de Balangiga a los que las han olvidado y a los que todavía no las conocen". La resistencia de Balangiga es un momento más de la historia de los pueblos que demuestra lo que dijo Mao Tsetung: "Donde hay opresión, hay resistencia". --- En 1896, después de 300 años de colonialismo español, estalló la revolución filipina, una continuación de la historia de lucha de ese pueblo valiente contra la opresión extranjera. Asimismo, cuando se inició la guerra entre Estados Unidos y España en 1898, la guerra de guerrillas contra el dominio colonial se intensificó. El poder español se derrumbó en la mayoría de las islas de Filipinas y los imperialistas yanquis maniobraron para ser los nuevos amos coloniales. Realizaron negociaciones secretas con España y el 13 de agosto de 1898 organizaron una batalla con el objetivo de justificar la entrega de Filipinas; España se rindió después de unos cuantos disparos y el 18 de diciembre de 1898 Estados Unidos le "compró" Filipinas por 20 millones de dólares. En cuestión de dos meses Estados Unidos atacó sorpresivamente a las fuerzas revolucionarias filipinas cerca de la capital de Manila, con un saldo de 3000 filipinos muertos. Las masas filipinas se opusieron al imperialismo yanqui y estalló la guerra. Estados Unidos mandó 126.000 soldados y ganó la guerra en 1902. Persiguieron y encarcelaron a los filipinos que no juraron fidelidad a la bandera estadounidense; torturaron a los rebeldes y prohibieron las organizaciones obreras y campesinas. Por cada soldado estadounidense muerto, murieron 50 filipinos. Se calcula que más de 250.000 filipinos murieron como resultado de la guerra. Un general estadounidense calculó que en Luzón, la mayor isla del país, murieron 600.000 personas (la sexta parte de la población). En Balangiga, la población estaba decidida a combatir la ocupación yanqui. Acordaron invitar (con el fin de atrapar) a los soldados yanquis al pueblo con el pretexto de pedir "protección". El 11 de agosto de 1901, llegó la Compañía C del IX Batallón de infantería: 74 soldados experimentados que habían "defendido los intereses" de Estados Unidos en China y Cuba; acto seguido, comenzaron a portarse como bestias; le decían "gugu" (una palabra racista) a la gente, metían a los hombres en cuadrillas de trabajo, y violaban a las mujeres. Los del pueblo dieron la impresión de cooperar con los invasores mientras hacían planes secretos. Un historiador relata que el alcalde recomendó aumentar la fuerza laboral con hombres de las colinas (donde estaba la guerrilla): "A los estadounidenses les parecieron trabajadores muy diligentes; resulta que en realidad eran los mejores macheteros de la guerrilla". Después de aguantar unas semanas de ocupación yanqui, el pueblo de Balangiga decidió que había llegado la hora de implementar su plan. Esa noche se reunieron en la selva, muy lejos de los soldados estadounidenses. Las mujeres vistieron a los hombres en ropa femenina y todos regresaron juntos al pueblo. En la mañana, el 28 de septiembre de 1901, los hombres disfrazados realizaron una procesión fúnebre de niños muertos por el cólera. Los ataúdes no solo contenían los muertos; ¡también contenían machetes! Los soldados yanquis estaban totalmente desprevenidos, desayunando en tiendas de campaña; unos ni siquiera portaban armas. El comandante, el capitán Thomas Connell, estaba en su oficina escribiendo una conmemoración para el presidente de Estados Unidos William McKinley, asesinado tres semanas antes. Dicen que el jefe de policía de Balangiga, Pedro Sánchez, se le acercó a un centinela yanqui y de repente le agarró el rifle y le dio un culatazo en la cabeza. En seguida sonaron las campanas de la iglesia: la señal para comenzar el ataque. Primero atacaron a los soldados que desayunaban en las tiendas. Se defendieron con sillas y utensilios de cocina, pero los rebeldes decapitaron a varios, esgrimiendo los machetes con gran resolución. Otros cortaron las cuerdas de las tiendas y los soldados quedaron atrapados adentro. El saldo fue de 47 muertos y 22 heridos (de un total de 74 soldados en la compañía). Los sobrevivientes huyeron a una guarnición estadounidense. Estados Unidos se vengó con rapidez y saña. Sus tropas quemaron el pueblo, se desmandaron y terminaron por quemar toda la isla de Samar. El jefe del operativo genocida fue el general Jacob W. Smith, quien diez años antes participó en la masacre de centenares de amerindios en Wounded Knee. En Filipinas dio esta orden: "Quisiera que maten y quemen; entre más lo hagan, más gusto me dará". Mandó dejar a Samar como un "desierto inhabitable" y dio la orden de fusilar a todos los mayores de 10 años. Un comandante informó que en el lapso de 11 días su batallón incendió 255 viviendas, mató a 13 bueyes y asesinó a 39 personas. Otros batallones realizaron ataques de la misma magnitud. La población de la isla disminuyó de 300.000 habitantes a unos 257.000. Los yanquis se robaron las campanas de la iglesia que señalaron el inicio del ataque a la Compañía C. Dos de ellas se encuentran actualmente en Cheyenne, Wyoming, en un puesto militar donde el ejército realizó una matanza de amerindios. La tercera campana está en Corea del Sur, donde está la Compañía C hoy día. Actualmente, una campaña exige el regreso de las campanas; deben de estar en Filipinas para recordar al pueblo los crímenes del imperialismo yanqui y el heroísmo de los que lucharon contra él. Fuente: http://rwor.org/a/v19/940-49/940/bells_s.htm Animo March 17th, 2006, 03:58 AM Las campanas de Balangiga, una obra musical del Grupo Cultural Pintig, se estrenó hace poco en Chicago. Cuenta la historia de la resistencia heroica de Balangiga, un pequeño pueblo de Filipinas, que en 1901 logró emboscar a las tropas estadounidenses que lo habían ocupado. Rodolfo Carlos Vera, el autor de la obra, la montó por primera vez hace dos años con un grupo de teatro de provincia y la presentaron por todo Samar, la isla donde está Balangiga. Ahora el Grupo Cultural Pintig la presentará en Estados Unidos. Angela Mascareñas, miembro fundador de Pintig y directora de escena de la obra, escribió en las notas del programa: "Las campanas de Balangiga es más que una obra musical. Examina el colonialismo y la historia de las relaciones entre Filipinas y Estados Unidos, y da a conocer la historia de la agresión yanqui a finales del siglo 19, una historia que no aparece en los libros de historia ni en los documentales. Y lo que es más importante, es un esfuerzo consciente de hacer escuchar las voces marginadas de los filipinos colonizados y de los que siguen sufriendo la opresión neocolonial bajo el yugo del imperialismo yanqui.... Dedicamos esta obra a todos los filipinos que han muerto por justicia y libertad, y a los que siguen luchando por ellas allá y en el mundo entero; ofrecemos las canciones, la historia y las lecciones de Balangiga a los que las han olvidado y a los que todavía no las conocen". La resistencia de Balangiga es un momento más de la historia de los pueblos que demuestra lo que dijo Mao Tsetung: "Donde hay opresión, hay resistencia". --- En 1896, después de 300 años de colonialismo español, estalló la revolución filipina, una continuación de la historia de lucha de ese pueblo valiente contra la opresión extranjera. Asimismo, cuando se inició la guerra entre Estados Unidos y España en 1898, la guerra de guerrillas contra el dominio colonial se intensificó. El poder español se derrumbó en la mayoría de las islas de Filipinas y los imperialistas yanquis maniobraron para ser los nuevos amos coloniales. Realizaron negociaciones secretas con España y el 13 de agosto de 1898 organizaron una batalla con el objetivo de justificar la entrega de Filipinas; España se rindió después de unos cuantos disparos y el 18 de diciembre de 1898 Estados Unidos le "compró" Filipinas por 20 millones de dólares. En cuestión de dos meses Estados Unidos atacó sorpresivamente a las fuerzas revolucionarias filipinas cerca de la capital de Manila, con un saldo de 3000 filipinos muertos. Las masas filipinas se opusieron al imperialismo yanqui y estalló la guerra. Estados Unidos mandó 126.000 soldados y ganó la guerra en 1902. Persiguieron y encarcelaron a los filipinos que no juraron fidelidad a la bandera estadounidense; torturaron a los rebeldes y prohibieron las organizaciones obreras y campesinas. Por cada soldado estadounidense muerto, murieron 50 filipinos. Se calcula que más de 250.000 filipinos murieron como resultado de la guerra. Un general estadounidense calculó que en Luzón, la mayor isla del país, murieron 600.000 personas (la sexta parte de la población). En Balangiga, la población estaba decidida a combatir la ocupación yanqui. Acordaron invitar (con el fin de atrapar) a los soldados yanquis al pueblo con el pretexto de pedir "protección". El 11 de agosto de 1901, llegó la Compañía C del IX Batallón de infantería: 74 soldados experimentados que habían "defendido los intereses" de Estados Unidos en China y Cuba; acto seguido, comenzaron a portarse como bestias; le decían "gugu" (una palabra racista) a la gente, metían a los hombres en cuadrillas de trabajo, y violaban a las mujeres. Los del pueblo dieron la impresión de cooperar con los invasores mientras hacían planes secretos. Un historiador relata que el alcalde recomendó aumentar la fuerza laboral con hombres de las colinas (donde estaba la guerrilla): "A los estadounidenses les parecieron trabajadores muy diligentes; resulta que en realidad eran los mejores macheteros de la guerrilla". Después de aguantar unas semanas de ocupación yanqui, el pueblo de Balangiga decidió que había llegado la hora de implementar su plan. Esa noche se reunieron en la selva, muy lejos de los soldados estadounidenses. Las mujeres vistieron a los hombres en ropa femenina y todos regresaron juntos al pueblo. En la mañana, el 28 de septiembre de 1901, los hombres disfrazados realizaron una procesión fúnebre de niños muertos por el cólera. Los ataúdes no solo contenían los muertos; ¡también contenían machetes! Los soldados yanquis estaban totalmente desprevenidos, desayunando en tiendas de campaña; unos ni siquiera portaban armas. El comandante, el capitán Thomas Connell, estaba en su oficina escribiendo una conmemoración para el presidente de Estados Unidos William McKinley, asesinado tres semanas antes. Dicen que el jefe de policía de Balangiga, Pedro Sánchez, se le acercó a un centinela yanqui y de repente le agarró el rifle y le dio un culatazo en la cabeza. En seguida sonaron las campanas de la iglesia: la señal para comenzar el ataque. Primero atacaron a los soldados que desayunaban en las tiendas. Se defendieron con sillas y utensilios de cocina, pero los rebeldes decapitaron a varios, esgrimiendo los machetes con gran resolución. Otros cortaron las cuerdas de las tiendas y los soldados quedaron atrapados adentro. El saldo fue de 47 muertos y 22 heridos (de un total de 74 soldados en la compañía). Los sobrevivientes huyeron a una guarnición estadounidense. Estados Unidos se vengó con rapidez y saña. Sus tropas quemaron el pueblo, se desmandaron y terminaron por quemar toda la isla de Samar. El jefe del operativo genocida fue el general Jacob W. Smith, quien diez años antes participó en la masacre de centenares de amerindios en Wounded Knee. En Filipinas dio esta orden: "Quisiera que maten y quemen; entre más lo hagan, más gusto me dará". Mandó dejar a Samar como un "desierto inhabitable" y dio la orden de fusilar a todos los mayores de 10 años. Un comandante informó que en el lapso de 11 días su batallón incendió 255 viviendas, mató a 13 bueyes y asesinó a 39 personas. Otros batallones realizaron ataques de la misma magnitud. La población de la isla disminuyó de 300.000 habitantes a unos 257.000. Los yanquis se robaron las campanas de la iglesia que señalaron el inicio del ataque a la Compañía C. Dos de ellas se encuentran actualmente en Cheyenne, Wyoming, en un puesto militar donde el ejército realizó una matanza de amerindios. La tercera campana está en Corea del Sur, donde está la Compañía C hoy día. Actualmente, una campaña exige el regreso de las campanas; deben de estar en Filipinas para recordar al pueblo los crímenes del imperialismo yanqui y el heroísmo de los que lucharon contra él. Fuente: http://rwor.org/a/v19/940-49/940/bells_s.htm Animo March 17th, 2006, 04:00 AM The Pintig Cultural Group in Chicago recently presented a new play, The Bells of Balangiga. This musical tells the story of a small town in the Philippines, Balangiga, where the people heroically resisted U.S. imperialism in 1901--successfully organizing and carrying out a plan to kill the U.S. soldiers who had invaded and occupied their town. Rodolfo Carlos Vera, who wrote this Chicago version of the play, first put this story on the stage two years ago with a regional theater group in the Philippines. That production toured throughout Samar, the very island where the story takes place. Now, The Pintig Cultural Group has plans to take The Bells of Balangiga on the road in the United States. Angela Mascareñas, a founding member of Pintig who is the producer of the play, says in her program notes: "The Bells of Balangiga is not just a musical production. It is a discourse on colonialism and the history of the Philippine-United States relations. It is an attempt to popularize those historical facts that have not made it in the mainstream history books nor in documentaries about the role of U.S. aggression in different parts of the world at the turn of the century. More importantly, it is a conscious effort to amplify those historically marginalized voices of the colonized Filipinos and of those who continue to suffer neo-colonial oppression under U.S. imperialist stranglehold in the Philippines... We dedicate this production to all Filipinos who have died for justice and freedom as well as to all those who continue to fight for the same in the Philippines and elsewhere in the world, for those who have forgotten and for those who have yet to learn, we hope to bring back to life the songs, the stories, and the lessons of Balangiga." The 1898 story of Balangiga is another chapter in the people's history which illustrates the truth that, as Mao Tsetung said, "Where there is oppression, there is resistance!" --- In 1896, after 300 years of Spanish colonialism, the Philippine Revolution broke out against Spain. The Filipino people continued their proud history of fighting against foreign oppressors and when the Spanish-American War began in 1898, armed guerrilla struggle against Spanish colonial rule intensified. Spanish power collapsed throughout most of the archipelago. But meanwhile, the U.S. imperialists were maneuvering to become new colonial masters in the Philippines. Secret diplomatic negotiations were conducted between the U.S. and Spain, and on August 13, 1898 a mock battle was staged in order to justify Spain turning the Philippines over to the United States. After a few token shots were fired Spain surrendered, and on December 18, 1898 the U.S. "bought" the Philippines from Spain for 20 million dollars. Less than two months later, U.S. troops made a surprise attack on Filipino revolutionary forces near the capital of Manila and at least 3,000 Filipinos were killed. The Filipino-American War began with the masses of Filipino people determined to resist U.S. imperialism. The U.S. won this war in 1902, after sending over 126,000 U.S. troops to the Philippines. Filipinos who refused to pledge allegiance to the U.S. flag were persecuted, sometimes imprisoned. Filipino rebels were tortured and organizations of workers and peasants were suppressed. For every U.S. soldier killed, 50 Filipinos were killed. It has been estimated that more than a quarter of a million Filipinos died as a direct and indirect result of the Filipino-American War. And one U.S. general even put the Filipino death casualty as high as 600,000 or one-sixth of the population in the main island of Luzon. In the small town of Balangiga, the people were determined to fight against the U.S. occupation of their country. They decided to invite (lure) the U.S. military to their town in the guise of asking for "protection." Company C of the 9th Infantry Battalion arrived in Balangiga on August 11, 1901. These 74 veteran soldiers, some of whom had carried out other U.S. exploits in China and Cuba, immediately began to oppress the people--using the racist term "goo-goo" to refer to the people, pressganging the men into labor, and raping the women. Meanwhile, the townspeople, who seemed to be cooperating with the U.S. soldiers, were making secret plans. One account said that, on the recommendation of the town's mayor, other Filipinos were added to the workforce from the nearby hills where the revolutionary guerrillas were active. According to this account, "The Americans found them unusually industrious but they happened to be the guerrilla's best bolomen. (A bolo is a heavy, single-bladed machete.) After only a few weeks of putting up with the U.S. occupation, the people of Balangiga decided they had had enough and it was time to carry out their plans. One night, the people met in the jungle, away from the eyes and ears of the U.S. soldiers. The women dressed the men up as women and then walked back with them to the town. The next morning, on September 28, 1901, the disguised men carried small coffins through the town--staging a mournful procession for dead babies killed by cholera. In fact, the coffins did have some dead babies in them, but they were also filled with bolos! The American soldiers, totally off guard, were eating their breakfast. Some of them didn't even have their guns with them. The commander of Company C, Captain Thomas Connell, was at his desk working on a memorial service for U.S. President William McKinley, who had been assassinated three weeks earlier. Then, according to one account, Balangiga's chief of police, Pedro Sanchez, walked behind a U.S. sentry and with casual swiftness, grabbed the sentry's rifle and brought the butt down in a smashing blow on his head. Then the church bells unexpectedly started to toll. This was the signal for the disguised men to launch their attack. Those in the mess tents were among the first U.S. soldiers hit. They tried to fight back with chairs and kitchen utensils but several of them swiftly lost their heads as the rebels swung their bolos with determination. Some townspeople outside cut the ropes to the tents, causing the tents to collapse on the struggling soldiers. Of the 74 U.S. soldiers in the unit, 47 were killed and 22 were wounded. The survivors managed to escape to an American garrison. Retaliation from the U.S. was swift, vicious and extreme. U.S. soldiers went back to Balangiga, burned the town and then went on a rampage, burning down the whole island of Samar. This genocidal retribution was led by Brig. Gen. Jacob W. Smith, who had earned the nickname "Hell Roaring Jake." A decade earlier, as a cavalryman, Smith had fought at Wounded Knee, where hundreds of Indians were massacred. Now he told his men, "I want no prisoners. I wish you to kill and burn. The more you kill and burn, the better it will please me." He directed that Samar be converted into a "howling wilderness" and U.S. soldiers were instructed to shoot anyone over 10 years old. One U.S. Major reported that in an 11-day span his men burned 255 dwellings, slaughtered 13 carabaos (Filipino oxen), and killed 39 people. Other officers reported similar activity. The island's population dropped from around 300,000 to around less than 257,000. U.S. soldiers stole the three church bells in Balangiga that had signaled the death of Company C. And to this day, two of these bells are in a monument in Cheyenne, Wyoming--at a military post first occupied by U.S. soldiers who fought and killed the Indians. The other bell is in South Korea, where the current Company C unit is stationed. Now, in the Philippines, there is a campaign to demand that the Bells of Balangiga be returned to the Philippines, where they rightfully belong--as a reminder to the people of the atrocities carried out by U.S. imperialism and the heroism of those who dared to resist. Fuente: http://rwor.org/a/v19/930-39/939/bells.htm Animo March 17th, 2006, 04:00 AM The Pintig Cultural Group in Chicago recently presented a new play, The Bells of Balangiga. This musical tells the story of a small town in the Philippines, Balangiga, where the people heroically resisted U.S. imperialism in 1901--successfully organizing and carrying out a plan to kill the U.S. soldiers who had invaded and occupied their town. Rodolfo Carlos Vera, who wrote this Chicago version of the play, first put this story on the stage two years ago with a regional theater group in the Philippines. That production toured throughout Samar, the very island where the story takes place. Now, The Pintig Cultural Group has plans to take The Bells of Balangiga on the road in the United States. Angela Mascareñas, a founding member of Pintig who is the producer of the play, says in her program notes: "The Bells of Balangiga is not just a musical production. It is a discourse on colonialism and the history of the Philippine-United States relations. It is an attempt to popularize those historical facts that have not made it in the mainstream history books nor in documentaries about the role of U.S. aggression in different parts of the world at the turn of the century. More importantly, it is a conscious effort to amplify those historically marginalized voices of the colonized Filipinos and of those who continue to suffer neo-colonial oppression under U.S. imperialist stranglehold in the Philippines... We dedicate this production to all Filipinos who have died for justice and freedom as well as to all those who continue to fight for the same in the Philippines and elsewhere in the world, for those who have forgotten and for those who have yet to learn, we hope to bring back to life the songs, the stories, and the lessons of Balangiga." The 1898 story of Balangiga is another chapter in the people's history which illustrates the truth that, as Mao Tsetung said, "Where there is oppression, there is resistance!" --- In 1896, after 300 years of Spanish colonialism, the Philippine Revolution broke out against Spain. The Filipino people continued their proud history of fighting against foreign oppressors and when the Spanish-American War began in 1898, armed guerrilla struggle against Spanish colonial rule intensified. Spanish power collapsed throughout most of the archipelago. But meanwhile, the U.S. imperialists were maneuvering to become new colonial masters in the Philippines. Secret diplomatic negotiations were conducted between the U.S. and Spain, and on August 13, 1898 a mock battle was staged in order to justify Spain turning the Philippines over to the United States. After a few token shots were fired Spain surrendered, and on December 18, 1898 the U.S. "bought" the Philippines from Spain for 20 million dollars. Less than two months later, U.S. troops made a surprise attack on Filipino revolutionary forces near the capital of Manila and at least 3,000 Filipinos were killed. The Filipino-American War began with the masses of Filipino people determined to resist U.S. imperialism. The U.S. won this war in 1902, after sending over 126,000 U.S. troops to the Philippines. Filipinos who refused to pledge allegiance to the U.S. flag were persecuted, sometimes imprisoned. Filipino rebels were tortured and organizations of workers and peasants were suppressed. For every U.S. soldier killed, 50 Filipinos were killed. It has been estimated that more than a quarter of a million Filipinos died as a direct and indirect result of the Filipino-American War. And one U.S. general even put the Filipino death casualty as high as 600,000 or one-sixth of the population in the main island of Luzon. In the small town of Balangiga, the people were determined to fight against the U.S. occupation of their country. They decided to invite (lure) the U.S. military to their town in the guise of asking for "protection." Company C of the 9th Infantry Battalion arrived in Balangiga on August 11, 1901. These 74 veteran soldiers, some of whom had carried out other U.S. exploits in China and Cuba, immediately began to oppress the people--using the racist term "goo-goo" to refer to the people, pressganging the men into labor, and raping the women. Meanwhile, the townspeople, who seemed to be cooperating with the U.S. soldiers, were making secret plans. One account said that, on the recommendation of the town's mayor, other Filipinos were added to the workforce from the nearby hills where the revolutionary guerrillas were active. According to this account, "The Americans found them unusually industrious but they happened to be the guerrilla's best bolomen. (A bolo is a heavy, single-bladed machete.) After only a few weeks of putting up with the U.S. occupation, the people of Balangiga decided they had had enough and it was time to carry out their plans. One night, the people met in the jungle, away from the eyes and ears of the U.S. soldiers. The women dressed the men up as women and then walked back with them to the town. The next morning, on September 28, 1901, the disguised men carried small coffins through the town--staging a mournful procession for dead babies killed by cholera. In fact, the coffins did have some dead babies in them, but they were also filled with bolos! The American soldiers, totally off guard, were eating their breakfast. Some of them didn't even have their guns with them. The commander of Company C, Captain Thomas Connell, was at his desk working on a memorial service for U.S. President William McKinley, who had been assassinated three weeks earlier. Then, according to one account, Balangiga's chief of police, Pedro Sanchez, walked behind a U.S. sentry and with casual swiftness, grabbed the sentry's rifle and brought the butt down in a smashing blow on his head. Then the church bells unexpectedly started to toll. This was the signal for the disguised men to launch their attack. Those in the mess tents were among the first U.S. soldiers hit. They tried to fight back with chairs and kitchen utensils but several of them swiftly lost their heads as the rebels swung their bolos with determination. Some townspeople outside cut the ropes to the tents, causing the tents to collapse on the struggling soldiers. Of the 74 U.S. soldiers in the unit, 47 were killed and 22 were wounded. The survivors managed to escape to an American garrison. Retaliation from the U.S. was swift, vicious and extreme. U.S. soldiers went back to Balangiga, burned the town and then went on a rampage, burning down the whole island of Samar. This genocidal retribution was led by Brig. Gen. Jacob W. Smith, who had earned the nickname "Hell Roaring Jake." A decade earlier, as a cavalryman, Smith had fought at Wounded Knee, where hundreds of Indians were massacred. Now he told his men, "I want no prisoners. I wish you to kill and burn. The more you kill and burn, the better it will please me." He directed that Samar be converted into a "howling wilderness" and U.S. soldiers were instructed to shoot anyone over 10 years old. One U.S. Major reported that in an 11-day span his men burned 255 dwellings, slaughtered 13 carabaos (Filipino oxen), and killed 39 people. Other officers reported similar activity. The island's population dropped from around 300,000 to around less than 257,000. U.S. soldiers stole the three church bells in Balangiga that had signaled the death of Company C. And to this day, two of these bells are in a monument in Cheyenne, Wyoming--at a military post first occupied by U.S. soldiers who fought and killed the Indians. The other bell is in South Korea, where the current Company C unit is stationed. Now, in the Philippines, there is a campaign to demand that the Bells of Balangiga be returned to the Philippines, where they rightfully belong--as a reminder to the people of the atrocities carried out by U.S. imperialism and the heroism of those who dared to resist. Fuente: http://rwor.org/a/v19/930-39/939/bells.htm Animo March 17th, 2006, 07:22 PM La presidenta de Filipinas, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, y la primera ministra de Nueva Zelanda, Helen Clark, inauguraron hoy una conferencia internacional sobre religiones con un llamamiento al diálogo y un rechazo a la violencia. Delegados de quince naciones de Asia y el Pacífico participan en este simposio de tres días que, bajo el lema Dialogo de cooperación religiosa regional para la paz, el desarrollo y la dignidad humana, organizan Filipinas y Nueva Zelanda en la isla de Mactan, a unos 610 kilómetros al sureste de Manila. 'Nunca debemos aceptar la violencia terrorista disfrazada en religión. Mi fe está construida en las enseñanzas de Jesús y de la Iglesia Católica. Me gusta creer que mi fe me da la fuerza y la sabiduría para encontrar puntos en común incluso con aquellos que no comparten mis creencias', manifestó la mandataria filipina, según la cadena de televisión GMA. La primera ministra neozelandesa también destacó en su intervención el diálogo como la clave para la convivencia y el progreso. 'Me niego a aceptar que el conflicto entre comunidades religiosas y civilizaciones es inevitable en el siglo veintiuno', manifestó Clark, de acuerdo con el comunicado de prensa difundido por su gobierno. 'Fortalecer las relaciones entre las diferentes creencias, especialmente en una época de violencia creciente, será un proceso a largo plazo. No hay una solución rápida para la situación en la que nos hallamos, pero es posible una paz duradera en nuestros países, en nuestra región y en el mundo si desarrollamos los valores y las creencias que tenemos en común, y si estamos dispuestos a aceptar y respetar las diferencias', dijo Clark. La dirigente neozelandesa, quien ofreció a su nación para acoger a la próxima conferencia, la tercera, expresó su esperanza en que los resultados y conclusiones de estos tres días de conversaciones y debates sirvan para que los asistentes los apliquen en sus respectivos países para mejorar los lazos entre las diferentes comunidades religiosas. Las naciones invitadas a Mactan son Australia, Brunei, Camboya, Filipinas, Fiyi, Indonesia, Laos, Malasia, Myanmar (Birmania), Nueva Zelanda, Papúa Nueva Guinea, Singapur, Tailandia, Timor Oriental y Vietnam. La primera conferencia de diálogo entre religiones de la región Asia-Pacífico se celebró en Indonesia en diciembre del 2004. Fuente: http://actualidad.terra.es/nacional/articulo/inauguran_conferencia_llamamiento_dialogo_religiones_781644.htm Animo March 17th, 2006, 07:22 PM La presidenta de Filipinas, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, y la primera ministra de Nueva Zelanda, Helen Clark, inauguraron hoy una conferencia internacional sobre religiones con un llamamiento al diálogo y un rechazo a la violencia. Delegados de quince naciones de Asia y el Pacífico participan en este simposio de tres días que, bajo el lema Dialogo de cooperación religiosa regional para la paz, el desarrollo y la dignidad humana, organizan Filipinas y Nueva Zelanda en la isla de Mactan, a unos 610 kilómetros al sureste de Manila. 'Nunca debemos aceptar la violencia terrorista disfrazada en religión. Mi fe está construida en las enseñanzas de Jesús y de la Iglesia Católica. Me gusta creer que mi fe me da la fuerza y la sabiduría para encontrar puntos en común incluso con aquellos que no comparten mis creencias', manifestó la mandataria filipina, según la cadena de televisión GMA. La primera ministra neozelandesa también destacó en su intervención el diálogo como la clave para la convivencia y el progreso. 'Me niego a aceptar que el conflicto entre comunidades religiosas y civilizaciones es inevitable en el siglo veintiuno', manifestó Clark, de acuerdo con el comunicado de prensa difundido por su gobierno. 'Fortalecer las relaciones entre las diferentes creencias, especialmente en una época de violencia creciente, será un proceso a largo plazo. No hay una solución rápida para la situación en la que nos hallamos, pero es posible una paz duradera en nuestros países, en nuestra región y en el mundo si desarrollamos los valores y las creencias que tenemos en común, y si estamos dispuestos a aceptar y respetar las diferencias', dijo Clark. La dirigente neozelandesa, quien ofreció a su nación para acoger a la próxima conferencia, la tercera, expresó su esperanza en que los resultados y conclusiones de estos tres días de conversaciones y debates sirvan para que los asistentes los apliquen en sus respectivos países para mejorar los lazos entre las diferentes comunidades religiosas. Las naciones invitadas a Mactan son Australia, Brunei, Camboya, Filipinas, Fiyi, Indonesia, Laos, Malasia, Myanmar (Birmania), Nueva Zelanda, Papúa Nueva Guinea, Singapur, Tailandia, Timor Oriental y Vietnam. La primera conferencia de diálogo entre religiones de la región Asia-Pacífico se celebró en Indonesia en diciembre del 2004. Fuente: http://actualidad.terra.es/nacional/articulo/inauguran_conferencia_llamamiento_dialogo_religiones_781644.htm Animo March 17th, 2006, 07:25 PM La presidenta de Filipinas, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, agradeció este miércoles la ayuda internacional y el esfuerzo de todas las personas que participaron en las tareas de rescate en la aldea de San Bernardo, que quedó sepultada por un alud de tierra en febrero pasado tras varios días de intensas lluvias. Un total de 1.119 personas perdieron la vida y otras 18.862 se vieron afectadas por la catástrofe en esa aldea de la isla de Leyte, a unos 650 kilómetros al sureste de Manila, según datos del Consejo Coordinador de Desastres Naturales de Filipinas. "Los equipos de rescate, la policía, los soldados, los médicos, los asistentes sociales, los voluntarios, las ONG y agencias locales e internacionales, los gobiernos extranjeros, la prensa... todos estuvisteis allí en una muestra ejemplar de solidaridad y amor", destacó Macapagal Arroyo, en una ceremonia celebrada en el Palacio de Malacñang (sede de la Presidencia), en Manila. "Este acto de hoy es nuestra forma modesta de expresar nuestra gratitud a todos, a los héroes modernos de las cuatros esquinas del planeta", añadió la mandataria. Estados Unidos, España, Australia, Turquía, Portugal, Malasia, Taiwán, entre una larga lista de naciones, acudieron en socorro de las víctimas en San Bernardo con profesionales, ayuda humanitaria y fondos. Macapagal Arroyo relató a los presentes, como ejemplo, que nada más comunicarle que los habitantes de San Bernardo necesitarían 1.800 viviendas para reemplazar las destruidas, recibieron el ofrecimiento generoso de construir 2.000 casas. "A los héroes de San Bernardo, una vez más, gracias por estar allí cuando más os necesitábamos", concluyó la presidenta filipina. Fuente: http://www.cadenaglobal.com/Default.asp?pgm=Detail&Not=104844&Sec=%206 Animo March 17th, 2006, 07:25 PM La presidenta de Filipinas, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, agradeció este miércoles la ayuda internacional y el esfuerzo de todas las personas que participaron en las tareas de rescate en la aldea de San Bernardo, que quedó sepultada por un alud de tierra en febrero pasado tras varios días de intensas lluvias. Un total de 1.119 personas perdieron la vida y otras 18.862 se vieron afectadas por la catástrofe en esa aldea de la isla de Leyte, a unos 650 kilómetros al sureste de Manila, según datos del Consejo Coordinador de Desastres Naturales de Filipinas. "Los equipos de rescate, la policía, los soldados, los médicos, los asistentes sociales, los voluntarios, las ONG y agencias locales e internacionales, los gobiernos extranjeros, la prensa... todos estuvisteis allí en una muestra ejemplar de solidaridad y amor", destacó Macapagal Arroyo, en una ceremonia celebrada en el Palacio de Malacñang (sede de la Presidencia), en Manila. "Este acto de hoy es nuestra forma modesta de expresar nuestra gratitud a todos, a los héroes modernos de las cuatros esquinas del planeta", añadió la mandataria. Estados Unidos, España, Australia, Turquía, Portugal, Malasia, Taiwán, entre una larga lista de naciones, acudieron en socorro de las víctimas en San Bernardo con profesionales, ayuda humanitaria y fondos. Macapagal Arroyo relató a los presentes, como ejemplo, que nada más comunicarle que los habitantes de San Bernardo necesitarían 1.800 viviendas para reemplazar las destruidas, recibieron el ofrecimiento generoso de construir 2.000 casas. "A los héroes de San Bernardo, una vez más, gracias por estar allí cuando más os necesitábamos", concluyó la presidenta filipina. Fuente: http://www.cadenaglobal.com/Default.asp?pgm=Detail&Not=104844&Sec=%206 Animo March 17th, 2006, 07:33 PM http://external.cache.el-mundo.net/elmundo/imagenes/2006/03/06/1141641280_0.jpg A la izquierda, la 'Gran Mancha roja'; a la derecha, la nueva. (Foto: NASA) MADRID.- A la Gran Mancha Roja (Great Red Spot, en inglés) de Júpiter, originada hace al menos 300 años por una tormenta el doble de grande que la Tierra, le ha aparecido en las últimas semanas un 'pariente': La 'Oval BA', exactamente del mismo color pero de la mitad de tamaño. Según informa la NASA en su página web, el descubrimiento lo ha hecho un astrónomo aficionado, el filipino Christopher Go, el pasado 27 de febrero utilizando un telescopio de 11 pulgadas y una cámara con dispositivo de grabación CCD. "Astrónomos, coged vuestros instrumentos y apuntad a Júpiter", dice la Agencia en su comunicado, en el que recuerda que la nueva mancha ya ha sido bautizada extraoficialmente como 'Red junior'. Go había seguido la evolución de la mancha, situada arriba y un poco hacia el este de la Gran Mancha Roja, desde que apareció en 2000, fruto de la colisión de tres "pequeñas" manchas. Hasta noviembre, 'Oval AB' ha permanecido blanca, del mismo color que la tormenta que la originó, pero en diciembre ya era marrón y hace pocas semanas se convirtió en roja. Por el momento, nadie ha podido precisar aún por qué la Gran Mancha Roja es de ese color, pero la idea que más adeptos tiene es que los materiales que levantó la tormenta de hace tres siglos volaron muy alto e interactúan con los rayos ultravioleta del Sol que se filtran a través de las nubes de Júpiter. Parece que con la 'Oval BA' está sucediendo algo muy parecido, lo que significaría, según los astrónomos de la NASA, que la tormenta se ha intensificado. Las manchas que han dado origen a 'Oval BA' podrían a su vez consecuencia de la gran tormenta que se detectó en Júpiter en 1998, calificada por los investigadores como la mayor registrada en el Sistema Solar. Con un núcleo a 157 grados bajo cero y un tamaño desorbitado, casi superior al de toda la Tierra, la tormenta, surgida de la fusión de una gran nube de gases de amoníaco a muy baja temperatura, azotó entonces con fuertes vientos el centro de Júpiter. Fuente: http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2006/03/06/ciencia/1141641280.html Animo March 17th, 2006, 07:33 PM http://external.cache.el-mundo.net/elmundo/imagenes/2006/03/06/1141641280_0.jpg A la izquierda, la 'Gran Mancha roja'; a la derecha, la nueva. (Foto: NASA) MADRID.- A la Gran Mancha Roja (Great Red Spot, en inglés) de Júpiter, originada hace al menos 300 años por una tormenta el doble de grande que la Tierra, le ha aparecido en las últimas semanas un 'pariente': La 'Oval BA', exactamente del mismo color pero de la mitad de tamaño. Según informa la NASA en su página web, el descubrimiento lo ha hecho un astrónomo aficionado, el filipino Christopher Go, el pasado 27 de febrero utilizando un telescopio de 11 pulgadas y una cámara con dispositivo de grabación CCD. "Astrónomos, coged vuestros instrumentos y apuntad a Júpiter", dice la Agencia en su comunicado, en el que recuerda que la nueva mancha ya ha sido bautizada extraoficialmente como 'Red junior'. Go había seguido la evolución de la mancha, situada arriba y un poco hacia el este de la Gran Mancha Roja, desde que apareció en 2000, fruto de la colisión de tres "pequeñas" manchas. Hasta noviembre, 'Oval AB' ha permanecido blanca, del mismo color que la tormenta que la originó, pero en diciembre ya era marrón y hace pocas semanas se convirtió en roja. Por el momento, nadie ha podido precisar aún por qué la Gran Mancha Roja es de ese color, pero la idea que más adeptos tiene es que los materiales que levantó la tormenta de hace tres siglos volaron muy alto e interactúan con los rayos ultravioleta del Sol que se filtran a través de las nubes de Júpiter. Parece que con la 'Oval BA' está sucediendo algo muy parecido, lo que significaría, según los astrónomos de la NASA, que la tormenta se ha intensificado. Las manchas que han dado origen a 'Oval BA' podrían a su vez consecuencia de la gran tormenta que se detectó en Júpiter en 1998, calificada por los investigadores como la mayor registrada en el Sistema Solar. Con un núcleo a 157 grados bajo cero y un tamaño desorbitado, casi superior al de toda la Tierra, la tormenta, surgida de la fusión de una gran nube de gases de amoníaco a muy baja temperatura, azotó entonces con fuertes vientos el centro de Júpiter. Fuente: http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2006/03/06/ciencia/1141641280.html sugarboy March 17th, 2006, 09:17 PM @animo, thanks for all the pics you posted. i have fond memories of malaga too. i cannot forget the first time i stepped out of the malaga airport to see this huge neon sign which served as a welcome marker of sorts. the neon sign heralded the pride of the philippines, "San Miguel"! Cerveceria San Miguel en Malaga.... http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/espanasmc3.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/espanasmc2.jpg sugarboy March 17th, 2006, 09:17 PM @animo, thanks for all the pics you posted. i have fond memories of malaga too. i cannot forget the first time i stepped out of the malaga airport to see this huge neon sign which served as a welcome marker of sorts. the neon sign heralded the pride of the philippines, "San Miguel"! Cerveceria San Miguel en Malaga.... http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/espanasmc3.jpg http://i9.photobucket.com/albums/a94/avenidalasalle/Skyscrapers/espanasmc2.jpg Animo March 18th, 2006, 08:52 PM @animo, thanks for all the pics you posted. i have fond memories of malaga too. i cannot forget the first time i stepped out of the malaga airport to see this huge neon sign which served as a welcome marker of sorts. the neon sign heralded the pride of the philippines, "San Miguel"! Cerveceria San Miguel en Malaga.... Sugarboy: Thanks again for the photos. :) Jeje, sorry for the late reply. The website is so slow and I think Im having some withdrawal because of it. :bash: I wonder if most countries (Asia) know that San Miguel originated in Manila. I remember in skybar WANCH made a thread about beers in various countries and he proudly said that San Miguel was a Hong Kong product until I corrected him. P.D. I hope you have a great weekend. :) Saludos, Ánimo Animo March 18th, 2006, 08:52 PM @animo, thanks for all the pics you posted. i have fond memories of malaga too. i cannot forget the first time i stepped out of the malaga airport to see this huge neon sign which served as a welcome marker of sorts. the neon sign heralded the pride of the philippines, "San Miguel"! Cerveceria San Miguel en Malaga.... Sugarboy: Thanks again for the photos. :) Jeje, sorry for the late reply. The website is so slow and I think Im having some withdrawal because of it. :bash: I wonder if most countries (Asia) know that San Miguel originated in Manila. I remember in skybar WANCH made a thread about beers in various countries and he proudly said that San Miguel was a Hong Kong product until I corrected him. P.D. I hope you have a great weekend. :) Saludos, Ánimo Animo March 18th, 2006, 09:00 PM REPRESENTACIÓN TEATRAL DE LA GUERRA DE FILIPINAS MACROMONTAJE TEATRAL DE LA PÉRDIDA DE FILIPINAS EN MIAJADAS, EL PUEBLO NATAL DEL TENIENTE D. SATURNINO MARTÍN CEREZO, HEROE DE BALER En Miajadas, localidad natal del que fuera considerado, entre otros, como “héroe de Baler”, el Teniente D. Saturnino Martín Cerezo, se llevará a cabo una macro-representación teatral sobre la catástrofe que supuso la guerra con los independentistas filipinos y los americanos, que desencadenaron la posterior pérdida de la isla para España. La obra “La última Ilusión”, escrita y dirigida por el director teatral D. Isidro Leiva y basada en las memorias de un participante extremeño de aquella guerra, el sargento Deogracias González Hurtado, de Ahigal, estará compuesta por la participación de más de 200 actores y actrices. Para su desarrollo, dadas las dimensiones que se precisan, se utilizará como escenario el campo de fútbol municipal de Miajadas. Su estreno, a mediados de Junio, tendrá lugar en las citadas instalaciones y están previstos dos pases de la obra. Es nuestro deseo darlo a conocer a todos los entusiastas de aquellos acontecimientos que marcaron el destino de España y sobre los cuales, sobre todo en lo referente a la parte más humana y digna, creemos que no se ha hecho debida justicia por parte de todos. José Luis Martín Iglesias Miajadas- Cáceres- Nota.- Para contrastar la notica pueden contactar con el Ayto de Miajadas, Tlfn: 927 34 70 00 Fuente: http://baleria.com/?p=53 Animo March 18th, 2006, 09:00 PM REPRESENTACIÓN TEATRAL DE LA GUERRA DE FILIPINAS MACROMONTAJE TEATRAL DE LA PÉRDIDA DE FILIPINAS EN MIAJADAS, EL PUEBLO NATAL DEL TENIENTE D. SATURNINO MARTÍN CEREZO, HEROE DE BALER En Miajadas, localidad natal del que fuera considerado, entre otros, como “héroe de Baler”, el Teniente D. Saturnino Martín Cerezo, se llevará a cabo una macro-representación teatral sobre la catástrofe que supuso la guerra con los independentistas filipinos y los americanos, que desencadenaron la posterior pérdida de la isla para España. La obra “La última Ilusión”, escrita y dirigida por el director teatral D. Isidro Leiva y basada en las memorias de un participante extremeño de aquella guerra, el sargento Deogracias González Hurtado, de Ahigal, estará compuesta por la participación de más de 200 actores y actrices. Para su desarrollo, dadas las dimensiones que se precisan, se utilizará como escenario el campo de fútbol municipal de Miajadas. Su estreno, a mediados de Junio, tendrá lugar en las citadas instalaciones y están previstos dos pases de la obra. Es nuestro deseo darlo a conocer a todos los entusiastas de aquellos acontecimientos que marcaron el destino de España y sobre los cuales, sobre todo en lo referente a la parte más humana y digna, creemos que no se ha hecho debida justicia por parte de todos. José Luis Martín Iglesias Miajadas- Cáceres- Nota.- Para contrastar la notica pueden contactar con el Ayto de Miajadas, Tlfn: 927 34 70 00 Fuente: http://baleria.com/?p=53 Animo March 18th, 2006, 09:14 PM Spanish: puedo English: can (I) ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: ¿Dónde puedo encontrar un buen café que sirva comidas ligeras? English: Where can I find a nice café that serves light meals? ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060309.htm Animo March 18th, 2006, 09:14 PM Spanish: puedo English: can (I) ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: ¿Dónde puedo encontrar un buen café que sirva comidas ligeras? English: Where can I find a nice café that serves light meals? ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060309.htm Animo March 19th, 2006, 06:56 AM Orange blossom set out from Seville, in the form of sweet essence... with a hint of bitterness, and in return, Manila sent cinnamon, in the form of oriental flavour. The galleon was loaded with cargo in the Orient, and set sail again for the Western world. Once more, it stopped off at Acapulco, in Mexico and in Veracruz, but this time there was another important and significant stop-off, in Havana, "the pearl of the Caribbean". It was there that all the ships gathered before setting sail together for Spain, each vessel carrying merchandise, people, ideas, etc., gathered from America and Asia and bound for Europe. Chinese silks and spices from the East Indies were shipped from the Philippines to Mexico, Cuba, Seville and Cádiz. The return voyage eventually reached Seville, which in 1717 ceded part of its American and Philippine trading market to another city closer to the sea and of a more seafaring nature: Cádiz. The longevity and persistence of this transoceanic route came to an end in 1813, when Mexico, one of the essential territories on its stop-off route, gained independence. The Suez Canal was opened later. The galleon has returned. With a cargo of new cultural ideas and common history, it draws the Western world and the Orient closer to one another, across the oceans and crossing space and time. An inter-cultural voyage allowing both worlds to get to know and acknowledge one another. With sails like lighted candles, unfurled and catching the wind, the galleon leaves port once more. http://www.aenet.org/manila-expo/p25ima8.jpg http://www.aenet.org/manila-expo/p25ima9.jpg http://www.aenet.org/manila-expo/p25ima10.jpg Discovering Philippines - Spanish Archives (http://www.aenet.org/manila-expo/discover.htm) Animo March 19th, 2006, 06:56 AM Orange blossom set out from Seville, in the form of sweet essence... with a hint of bitterness, and in return, Manila sent cinnamon, in the form of oriental flavour. The galleon was loaded with cargo in the Orient, and set sail again for the Western world. Once more, it stopped off at Acapulco, in Mexico and in Veracruz, but this time there was another important and significant stop-off, in Havana, "the pearl of the Caribbean". It was there that all the ships gathered before setting sail together for Spain, each vessel carrying merchandise, people, ideas, etc., gathered from America and Asia and bound for Europe. Chinese silks and spices from the East Indies were shipped from the Philippines to Mexico, Cuba, Seville and Cádiz. The return voyage eventually reached Seville, which in 1717 ceded part of its American and Philippine trading market to another city closer to the sea and of a more seafaring nature: Cádiz. The longevity and persistence of this transoceanic route came to an end in 1813, when Mexico, one of the essential territories on its stop-off route, gained independence. The Suez Canal was opened later. The galleon has returned. With a cargo of new cultural ideas and common history, it draws the Western world and the Orient closer to one another, across the oceans and crossing space and time. An inter-cultural voyage allowing both worlds to get to know and acknowledge one another. With sails like lighted candles, unfurled and catching the wind, the galleon leaves port once more. http://www.aenet.org/manila-expo/p25ima8.jpg http://www.aenet.org/manila-expo/p25ima9.jpg http://www.aenet.org/manila-expo/p25ima10.jpg Discovering Philippines - Spanish Archives (http://www.aenet.org/manila-expo/discover.htm) RobertoBKK March 19th, 2006, 08:28 PM Animo, esos mapas que has conseguido son fenomenales. Gracias! RobertoBKK March 19th, 2006, 08:28 PM Animo, esos mapas que has conseguido son fenomenales. Gracias! Animo March 19th, 2006, 10:55 PM ¡Hola otra vez Roberto! :hi: ¿Qué pasa? ¿Su en México o en Asia? ¡Bienvenidos otra vez! :) Animo March 19th, 2006, 10:55 PM ¡Hola otra vez Roberto! :hi: ¿Qué pasa? ¿Su en México o en Asia? ¡Bienvenidos otra vez! :) Animo March 19th, 2006, 11:55 PM Spanish: cheques English: checks ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: ¿Se aceptan cheques personales? English: Do you accept personal checks? ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060318.htm Animo March 19th, 2006, 11:55 PM Spanish: cheques English: checks ----------------------------------------------------------- Example Phrase Using Today's Word: Spanish: ¿Se aceptan cheques personales? English: Do you accept personal checks? ----------------------------------------------------------- To hear the Word of the Day and the example phrase, visit http://www.transparent.com/ea-cgi/dtchttp.exe?CT:C=440370&O=SEWOTD20060318.htm Animo March 20th, 2006, 05:22 AM Unas 2.000 personas de los 87 millones de filipinos utilizan el castellano como lengua materna y de uso diario, pero otro medio millón emplea el chabacano, un dialecto de la lengua de Cervantes. El ministro de Defensa español, José Bono, pidió este lunes a la presidenta de Filipinas, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, que el castellano vuelva a formar parte de los planes de estudio en Filipinas. Bono hizo la petición durante la reunión que mantuvo con la mandataria en el Palacio de Malacañang y que se desarrolló íntegramente en español, según fuentes de la delegación que acompaña al ministro en esta visita. La presidenta Arroyo le expresó su interés por este asunto y le dijo que va a analizar de qué manera se podría volver a incluir el español entre las asignaturas obligatorias de estudio en Filipinas y que es una lástima que se haya perdido este idioma en el país. También le reveló que en su familia todos los miembros hablan el idioma de la antigua metrópolis. El español fue perdiendo protagonismo en Filipinas desde que España perdió su colonia asiática en 1898, dejando paso al inglés, que es idioma oficial en el archipiélago junto con el filipino (basado en el tagalo). Durante el Gobierno de la presidenta Corazón Aquino, en 1986, el español fue eliminado definitivamente de las escasas unidades educativas en las que aún se mantenía como asignatura. Según los datos del Instituto Cervantes, apenas unas 2.000 personas de los 87 millones de habitantes de Filipinas utilizan el español como lengua materna y de uso diario, aunque otro medio millón, especialmente en Zamboanga (sur), emplea el chabacano, un idioma mixto. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha incrementado el interés por el español entre los jóvenes filipinos y el Cervantes ha visto duplicar el número de matrículas de estudiantes hasta las 3.000 anuales. Dos de los principales motivos para este resurgir del interés por el español es el deseo de muchos jóvenes filipinos de emigrar a Estados Unidos y el poder trabajar en los cada vez más numerosos "centros de llamadas" que se establecen en el archipiélago. (EFE) Lunes 21 de noviembre de 2005 http://www.cooperativa.cl/p4_noticias/antialone.html?page=http://www.cooperativa.cl/p4_noticias/site/artic/20051121/pags/20051121091157.html Animo March 20th, 2006, 05:22 AM Unas 2.000 personas de los 87 millones de filipinos utilizan el castellano como lengua materna y de uso diario, pero otro medio millón emplea el chabacano, un dialecto de la lengua de Cervantes. El ministro de Defensa español, José Bono, pidió este lunes a la presidenta de Filipinas, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, que el castellano vuelva a formar parte de los planes de estudio en Filipinas. Bono hizo la petición durante la reunión que mantuvo con la mandataria en el Palacio de Malacañang y que se desarrolló íntegramente en español, según fuentes de la delegación que acompaña al ministro en esta visita. La presidenta Arroyo le expresó su interés por este asunto y le dijo que va a analizar de qué manera se podría volver a incluir el español entre las asignaturas obligatorias de estudio en Filipinas y que es una lástima que se haya perdido este idioma en el país. También le reveló que en su familia todos los miembros hablan el idioma de la antigua metrópolis. El español fue perdiendo protagonismo en Filipinas desde que España perdió su colonia asiática en 1898, dejando paso al inglés, que es idioma oficial en el archipiélago junto con el filipino (basado en el tagalo). Durante el Gobierno de la presidenta Corazón Aquino, en 1986, el español fue eliminado definitivamente de las escasas unidades educativas en las que aún se mantenía como asignatura. Según los datos del Instituto Cervantes, apenas unas 2.000 personas de los 87 millones de habitantes de Filipinas utilizan el español como lengua materna y de uso diario, aunque otro medio millón, especialmente en Zamboanga (sur), emplea el chabacano, un idioma mixto. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha incrementado el interés por el español entre los jóvenes filipinos y el Cervantes ha visto duplicar el número de matrículas de estudiantes hasta las 3.000 anuales. Dos de los principales motivos para este resurgir del interés por el español es el deseo de muchos jóvenes filipinos de emigrar a Estados Unidos y el poder trabajar en los cada vez más numerosos "centros de llamadas" que se establecen en el archipiélago. (EFE) Lunes 21 de noviembre de 2005 http://www.cooperativa.cl/p4_noticias/antialone.html?page=http://www.cooperativa.cl/p4_noticias/site/artic/20051121/pags/20051121091157.html Animo March 20th, 2006, 05:31 AM El ministro de Defensa español, José Bono, pidió a la presidenta de Filipinas, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, que el castellano vuelva a formar parte de los planes de estudio del país. Bono hizo la petición durante la reunión que mantuvo con la mandataria en el Palacio de Malacañang y que se desarrolló íntegramente en español, según fuentes de la delegación que acompaña al ministro en esta visita. La presidenta Arroyo le expresó su interés por este asunto y le dijo que va a analizar de qué manera se podría volver a incluir el español entre las asignaturas obligatorias de estudio en Filipinas y que es una lástima que se haya perdido este idioma en el país, antigua colonia de Madrid. (EFE) Lunes 21 de noviembre de 2005 http://www.cooperativa.cl/p4_noticias/antialone.html?page=http://www.cooperativa.cl/p4_noticias/site/artic/20051121/pags/20051121091157.html Animo March 20th, 2006, 05:31 AM El ministro de Defensa español, José Bono, pidió a la presidenta de Filipinas, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, que el castellano vuelva a formar parte de los planes de estudio del país. Bono hizo la petición durante la reunión que mantuvo con la mandataria en el Palacio de Malacañang y que se desarrolló íntegramente en español, según fuentes de la delegación que acompaña al ministro en esta visita. La presidenta Arroyo le expresó su interés por este asunto y le dijo que va a analizar de qué manera se podría volver a incluir el español entre las asignaturas obligatorias de estudio en Filipinas y que es una lástima que se haya perdido este idioma en el país, antigua colonia de Madrid. (EFE) Lunes 21 de noviembre de 2005 http://www.cooperativa.cl/p4_noticias/antialone.html?page=http://www.cooperativa.cl/p4_noticias/site/artic/20051121/pags/20051121091157.html |