Mindanao Island - Compiled Threads [Archive] - Page 16

davaoeagle

January 26th, 2009, 07:55 PM

Web Sun.Star
Saudi King to invest more in Mindanao
01/23/2009 - 08:36Monday, January 26, 2009

THE king of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is investing more projects in Mindanao upon the invitation of House Speaker Prospero Nograles during the latter's visit to the kingdom recently, a statement from Nograles's office said.

In the statement, Nograles was said to have met with King Abdullah where he secured the commitment of Saudi Arabia's The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdullaziz Al-Saud during his visit to the Majlis Al-Shura in Riyadh.

Nograles, the first Mindanaoan Speaker, said the king expressed keen interest in strengthening Saudi's commercial and investment relations with the Philippines, particularly in developing the agricultural and other economic potentials of the southern Philippines.

The Speaker expressed optimism that the Philippines will not only be able to provide food requirements of the Kingdom through possible Saudi investments in Mindanao, but will also stand as a strong partner in promoting inter-cultural and inter-religious dialogue for peace and stability for the rest of the world.

Nograles lauded King Abdullah's initiatives to stave off the negative effects of spiraling food prices and secure stable food supplies, especially rice, for the Saudi population. Abdullah also wants to provide growth opportunities to the private business sector while taking a leading role in the global effort to address tightening food supply and unbridled inflation.

Nograles spoke of the possibility to create an economic zone of peace in Mindanao, through a joint and complimentary effort of both sides. This, he said, would help achieve lasting peace and progress in the region, while giving assurance that Saudi investments will be protected and highly regarded by all sectors, especially Filipino Muslims.

He also took note of the visit conducted by a Saudi technical team to the Philippines, in particular to Davao Oriental, last November to study the prospects of having Saudi investment in the Philippine rice and corn industry.

Nograles said this would be an initial step in forging a strategic partnership through expanded trade and investment for the mutual benefit of both countries.

Also, a Memorandum of Agreement on Agricultural and Fisheries Cooperation has been proposed to the Saudi Ministry of Agriculture to facilitate mutually beneficial investments for the agriculture and fisheries sector. (With PR)

neyoneyo80

January 26th, 2009, 11:15 PM

http://img001.picture2life.net/3282236/Datu_Grandes_wife_and_child_web-large_highest.jpg

seems like the person looks more a man.

hindi pa uso po ang breast implants noon eh :lol:

neyoneyo80

January 27th, 2009, 02:39 AM

^^ eto klaro na!!!! :lol:
http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3221/3034077996_9fc02036be_o.jpg

ph_matrix

January 27th, 2009, 04:06 AM

^^ perfect ! (below the neck) :)

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 06:08 AM

haskang lingawa gyud. record breaker ning kang tonight.:D

^^
mangita na pud ko sunod, bz pa karon :D

zoroethgenre_003

January 27th, 2009, 09:13 AM

keep up the good work tonight..very informative kaau imong gibuhat..

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 09:25 AM

^^ eto klaro na!!!! :lol:
http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3221/3034077996_9fc02036be_o.jpg

^^
ang galing mo maghanap :lol: :lol:
anong tribe yan?

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 09:28 AM

keep up the good work tonight..very informative kaau imong gibuhat..

^^
thanks :)

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 10:38 AM

zoroethgenre_003

January 27th, 2009, 10:41 AM

http://www.travel.mt.gov/history/Montana_the_Magazine_of_Western_History/12.2002/Byorth/Zamboanga.jpg

The Philippine city of Zamboanga, torn by American bombs in 1945 (below), was one of many important posts captured by the 41st Division in their northward advance following the taking of Biak, New Guinea, in late July 1944.

that building devastated is the City Hall of Zamboanga..It was built during the time of Pershing, destroyed during world war II and restored after the war..

qwert_guy

January 27th, 2009, 10:53 AM

grabe ang mga pics mo tonight... resourceful ka talaga

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 10:55 AM

^^
thanks for sharing that information zoro :)
sa imo pud qwert_guy :)

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 10:57 AM

http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/SEAiT/data/images/bruner/reference/ph30033r.jpg

Title: Crossing the Davao
Photographer: Bruner, E. Murray
Date: ca. 1906-1910
Place/Time: American colonial period / Philippines
Description: Dr. Miller and Mr. Mehany being carried across the Davao by Negritos

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 10:59 AM

http://bentley.umich.edu/research/guides/philippines/images/arti.jpg

Santiago Artiaga and staff, 1940

paulkrps

January 27th, 2009, 11:04 AM

^^
ang galing mo maghanap :lol: :lol:
anong tribe yan?

jowk lang ni neyo, igorot na sya.

paulkrps

January 27th, 2009, 12:55 PM

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 01:57 PM

^^
ok i'll put the link :)

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 02:48 PM

Atty Florentino Saguin (http://dapitan.com/historicalinsert.htm)

http://dapitan.com/Florentino.jpg

The first election for the Provincial Governor of Zamboanga took place in 1922. Atty. Florentino Saguin, a Dapitanon, won over two opponents who were leading citizens and political veterans of Zamboanga City. In the second regular election in 1925, another Dapitanon, Don Jose Aseniero, was elected governor of the province.

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:23 PM

BATTLE OF AGUSAN HILL, MAY 14, 1900

Capt. Walter B. Elliott, CO of Company I, 40th Infantry Regiment USV, with 80 men proceeded to the village of Agusan, about 16 kilometers west of Cagayan de Misamis town proper, to dislodge about 500 guerillas who were entrenched on a hill with 200 rifles and shotguns. The attack was successful; 2 Americans were killed and 3 wounded; the Filipinos suffered 38 killed, including their commander, Capt. Vicente Roa. The Americans also captured 35 Remington rifles.

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Filipino%20guerilla%20weapons%20captured%20at%20Agusan%20circa%201900-1901.jpg

RUFINO DELOSO'S GUERILLA FORCE, MAY 14, 1900 - 1902

Rufino Deloso led a force of 400 guerillas in Misamis Province (in areas that are now in Misamis Occidental) and engaged the Americans in no less than 20 encounters. On March 7, 1902, he surrendered to Senior Inspector John W. Green of the Philippine Constabulary in Oroquieta, Misamis Province. He gave up with 20 riflemen and 250 bolo men.

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Dead%20Filipinos%20in%20Misamis%20Province%201900-1901%202Lt.%20Robert%20B.%20Mitchell%20album%201898%20to%201902.jpg
Filipino guerillas killed in battle, Misamis Province, circa 1900-1901

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Dead%20Filipinos%20on%20cart%20in%20Oroquieta%20Mindanao%20in%202Lt.%20Robert%20B.jpg
Cartload of dead Filipino guerillas in Oroquieta, Misamis Province, circa 1900-1901

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Company%20E%20at%20evening%20parade%20in%20Oroquieta%20circa%201900-1901.jpg

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/NCOs%20Company%20L%2040th%20Inf%20USV%20Nov%201900%20%20in%20Oroquieta,%20Misamis.jpg

"CAPITAN" EUSTAQUIO DALIGDIG

Daligdig was a settler from Siquijor Island. He organized a rebel force against Spain, with the town of Daisog (now Lopez Jaena, Misamis Occidental) as his base of operations. "Capitan" Daligdig became a household name throughout Misamis Province; the common folk believed he possessed an "anting-anting" (amulet) that enabled him to fly and made his body impervious to bullets.

The guerilla leader in the Oroquieta-Laungan area led numerous assaults against the Oroquieta Garrison of the Americans. On Jan. 6, 1901, he was wounded at Manella, when 40 men of Companies I and E, 40th Infantry Regiment USV, attacked his encampment. Two of his men were killed and 24 captured, but Daligdig managed to escape through the thicket. Later, he availed himself of the general amnesty proclaimed by the US colonial administration on July 4, 1902. He changed his last name to "Sumili" to escape retribution from relatives of civilians he had executed for treason.

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Dead%20Filipino%20guerilla%20chief%20%20in%20Oroquieta%20Mindanao%20in%202Lt.%20Robert%20B.jpg
Filipino guerilla chief killed in action in Oroquieta, Misamis Province, circa 1900-1901

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Caring%20for%20wounded%20American%20soldier%20in%20Misamis%20circa%201900-1901%20%20in%202Lt.%20Robert%20B.jpg
Medic attends to wounded American soldier in Misamis Province, circa 1900-1901

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Misamis%20US%20troops%20fording%20river%20in%202Lt.%20Robert%20B.%20Mitchell%20album%201898%20to%201902.jpg
American troops fording a river in Misamis Province, circa 1900-1901

BATTLE OF MACAHAMBUS GORGE, JUNE 4, 1900

On Macahambus Gorge, located 14 kilometers south of Cagayan de Misamis (present-day Cagayan de Oro City), Mindanao Island, Filipino guerillas led by Col. Apolinar Velez routed an American force. It is the only known major victory of Filipinos over the Americans on Mindanao Island.

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Macahambus%20Gorge.jpg
Macahambus Gorge

Capt. Thomas Millar, CO of Company H, Fortieth Infantry Regiment USV, led 100 men against the guerillas who were either well-entrenched, or in inaccessible positions, in the gorge. Practically surrounded by an enemy they could not reach, the Americans lost in a short time 9 men killed, and 2 officers and 7 men wounded, nearly all belonging to the advance guard. One Filipino guerilla was killed. An attempt to advance against a part of the Filipino position was frustrated by encountering innumerable arrow traps, spear pits and pitfalls to which an officer and several men owe their wounds. To avoid getting annihilated, the Americans quickly withdrew, leaving their dead and most of the rifles of those killed.

In his official report to the US War Department, Maj. Gen. Arthur C. MacArthur, Jr., censured Captain Millar: "The palpable mismanagement in this affair consists in not having reconnoitered the enemy's position, but there appears to be no means of reaching a force intrenched, as was this one, in a carefully selected position, which must be approached in single file through a pathless jungle, nor any reason why it should be attacked at all, because, under the circumstances, it does not threaten our troops nor any natives under their protection, and it is sufficient to keep it under observation."

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Americans%20attacking%20Macahambus%20Gorge%20probably%20Dec%2018-21%201900.jpg
Americans assault Macahambus Gorge a second time. Photo taken during the period Dec. 19-20, 1900. Captains Thomas Millar and James Mayes jointly led 155 officers and men of the 40th Infantry into the gorge, shelled the guerillas' strongholds, but found them deserted.

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Macahambus%20stronghold%20with%20some%20American%20soldiers%20probably%20Dec%2018-21%201900.jpg
Americans inside a deserted guerilla stronghold in Macahambus Gorge. Photo taken during the period Dec. 19-20, 1900

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Americans%20encamped%20at%20Macahambus%20Hills%20maybe%20Dec%2017%201900%20in%202Lt.%20Robert%20B.%20Mitchell%20album%201898%20to%201902.jpg
American encampment at Macahambus. On Dec. 21, 1900, 1Lt. Richard Cravens and a detachment of Company M were ordered to occupy Macahambus

http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/Apolinar%20Velez.jpg
Apolinar Velez

On Jan. 4, 1901, Apolinar Velez (LEFT, postwar photo) was surprised and captured in Opol town, Misamis Province, by Maj. James F. Case, who led a force of 40 mounted men of Company L, 40th Infantry Regiment USV.

Velez was born on Jan 23, 1865, to a wealthy family in Cagayan de Misamis. In 1884, he worked as a clerk in the court of first instance of Misamis. From 1886 to 1891, he held the positions of oficial de mesa, interpreter, and defensor depresos pobres. On May 10, 1887, he married Leona Chaves y Roa, thus linking two of the most prominent clans in Misamis.

He enlisted in the Spanish army and became a second lieutenant of infantry. He was decorated with the Medalla de Mindanao.

In 1898, he joined Aguinaldo's government; he was appointed chief of the division of justice of the Revolutionary Government of Misamis. In 1900, he was assigned the rank of major in the army and appointed as commander of the "El Mindanao" battalion. He later rose to the rank of Colonel.

From 1901 to 1906, Velez held the post of provincial secretary after which he was elected governor of Misamis and served for two terms. In 1928-1931, he served as mayor of Cagayan de Misamis.

He died on Oct. 21, 1939.

GENERAL VICENTE ALVAREZ ATTACKS OROQUIETA, JULY 12, 1900

General Alvarez, who headed the short-lived "Republica de Zamboanga" (May 18, 1899 - Nov. 16, 1899), moved to Misamis Province and assaulted the garrison of Company I, 40th Infantry USV, in Oroquieta on July 12, 1900.

He and his men were repulsed. The Americans reported 2 killed and 1 wounded on their side, and 101 Filipinos killed and wounded.

On Oct. 17, 1900, General Alvarez, his staff and 25 men were surprised in their camp near Oroquieta and captured without a fight by Capt. Walter B. Elliott, commanding officer of Company I, 40th Infantry Regiment USV. The Americans took advantage of the cover provided by the stormy night.

An American newspaper reported: "The capture is important and will tend to pacify the district. Alvarez had been for a long time provoking hostilities in Mindanao. It was he who effected the disastrous attack on Oroquieta some time ago and he was preparing another when he was captured." [RIGHT, Monument to General Vicente Alvarez in Zamboanga City]

Alvarez was already serving as a high official in the Spanish colonial administration when he turned around and joined the revolution against Spain in March 1898. He led his forces in the successful capture of Zamboanga in May 1898. President and General Emilio Aguinaldo appointed him as head of the revolutionary government of Zamboanga and Basilan.

He was born in 1854 and died in 1910.

Link here (http://www.freewebs.com/philippineamericanwar/thewarin19001901.htm)

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:33 PM

http://www.zamboanga.com/history/images/Jolo_river_photo_1.jpg

Entree de la riviere de Solo, Ile Solo - Paris: 1846; by: Cicéri, Eugène (1813-1890)

The above French artist went on a global cruise with a flotilla of French warships, capturing their experiences in his paintings. This old painting entitled "Entry to the River of Sulu, Sulu Island" displays a French sail ship marooned in the Jolo River encampment of the Moros. The natives of the Sultanate of Sulu were historically referred to by the Spaniards as Moros or Mohammedans. The image of Mohammedan culture with the Sultan of Sulu being their supreme leader is visible in the Jolo River scenery depicted in the drawing showing the French sail ship anchored and surrounded by many nipa-roofed houses on stilts above water and on land. The village scene is that of a progressive and busy living showing their capacity to sustain a prosperous return on their activities. The French visit to the island of Jolo would mean that they arrived at some sort of agreement with the Sultan that ultimately led the French to their Raid on the Spanish Fort of Zamboanga.

link (http://www.zamboanga.com/history/photo_gallery10_of_zamboanga_1800s-Sulu_river.htm)

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:40 PM

http://zamboangadelnorte.com/inaugurateprvincialgovzamboanga.jpg

Inauguration of Municipality of Zamboanga July 1, 1901

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:41 PM

http://zamboangadelnorte.com/SulMaguinanaowithfindley.jpg

Sultan Maguindanao and Zamboanga Governor Finley at the inauguration

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:43 PM

http://zamboangadelnorte.com/townsceneZamboanga.jpg

Zamboanga City scene in the 1900

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:49 PM

1635 Nuestra Señora del Pilar (Zamboanga, PHILIPPINES)

http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~borao/Cultura/4Fortalezas/Cuadradas/Pilar1big.jpg

The Spaniards arrived for the first time to Zamboanga in 1598. But, only in March 1633, the Governor General Juan Cerezo de Salamanca sent Juan de Chaves to establish this fortress in the South of Mindanao to give protection to the Jesuit missions. The plan of the fortress was made by the Jesuit Melchor de Vera, and construction began on 23 June 1635. Next Governor General, Sebastian Hurtado de Corcuera, regretted the construction of this fort, but later gave his support. In 1662, when Philippines received the threat of Koxinga, all the strength was concentrated in Manila, and the fortress was abandoned. in 1672, the Spanish government issued a decree for the reestablishment of the fortress but the lack of resources delayed this action. Only in 1718 the fortress was rebuilt and reoccupied. The name of the fortress was San José, but now received the name of Nuestra Señora del Pilar de Zaragoza, and the four bastions were named after San Felipe, San Fernando, San Luis and San Francisco Javier. The second map is from 1738.

Lourdes Trechuelo, Arquitectura Española en Filipinas, Sevilla 1959.
René B. Javellana, Fortress of Empire, Manila, 1997.
Spanish fortifications in the Philippines

link (http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~borao/Cultura/4Fortalezas/Cuadradas/aFarEast.htm)

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:51 PM

http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/southphil/cover.jpg

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:53 PM

http://www.ussweeden.org/images/seamail.jpg

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:56 PM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/33.jpg

Moro Boat

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:56 PM

Larger photo :)

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/32.jpg

Santa Maria Road, Zamboanga

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 03:57 PM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/34.jpg

Church of the Holy Trinity, Zamboanga

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/35.jpg

The Chancel

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:00 PM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/37.jpg

Moro apple girls, Zamboanga

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:01 PM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/39.jpg

Zamboanga Hospital

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:02 PM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/36.jpg

Moro houses, Kawa Kawa

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:02 PM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/41.jpg

Road builders, Jolo

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:03 PM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/38.jpg

Staff of the Sulu Press, Zamboanga

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:03 PM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/43.jpg

Boys of the Moro Agricultural School, Jolo

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:06 PM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/42.jpg

Dormitory, Indanan Agricultural School

link (http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/)

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:15 PM

http://www.vintagepostcards.org/cathy/zamboanga-saloon-mindanao-philippines-philippine-islands-filipino.jpg

Nicely detailed postcard of a saloon advertising ice cold beer, in the plaza at Zamboanga (Chavacano de Zamboanga) in Mindanao, the Philippines. Postally used in 1912. A desirable Filipino or breweriana collectible in very good condition.

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:17 PM

http://www.vintagepostcards.org/auctions/philippines-moro-dato-female-ceremonial-dress-woman-philippine-islands-filipino.jpg

Scarce c. 1898 finely rendered real photo (not a postcard) of a Moro woman in the Philippine Islands! This image is unusual, in that the female is fully clothed in some sort of tribal or ceremonial dress, as opposed being bare-breasted, which was the norm for depictions of females. The Moro name is used to describe Muslim tribes from the Sulu Archipelago and Mindanao Island in the Southern Philippines. There are four major Moro tribes, all of Malay origin; the men have a reputation as fierce warriors.

Measures approximately 4 x 6 inches and probably photographed by G. Ball, whose Filipino work we have many examples of. (This image has the same handwriting and the same feel as his other works.) Ball was known to be in the Philippines as early as 1898 and perhaps as early as 1895. A great early image from the Filipino traditional culture, sharply focused, finely detailed and with great clarity. Very good condition, save for minor corner wear and slight creasing often found in older photographs!

link (http://www.vintagepostcards.org/philippines-moro-muslim-woman-ceremonial-dress-rppc-p-4582.html)

tonight

January 27th, 2009, 04:24 PM

http://www.members.cox.net/almor/base-16-2.jpg

P.T. Base SIXTEEN

Base 16 Was On The Island Of Isabella About Twenty Miles South
Of Zamboanga. FEMU Crane Barge #6 Was Stationed There For
Most Of The Time The Base Was In Use. Here Are Two Pictures
Of A Part Of The Base. FEMU Crane Barge #6 In The Background.

link (http://www.members.cox.net/almor/ptboatpage.html)

ph_matrix

January 27th, 2009, 04:42 PM

^^ Bilib ko sa ka resourceful nimo gang.. :cheers:

regjeex

January 27th, 2009, 10:13 PM

Arang ka kugihan niya mangita og source:)

^^ Bilib ko sa ka resourceful nimo gang.. :cheers:

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 02:39 AM

^^ Bilib ko sa ka resourceful nimo gang.. :cheers:

Arang ka kugihan niya mangita og source:)

^^
thanks :)

paulkrps

January 28th, 2009, 02:42 AM

http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/ph/missions1923/39.jpg

Zamboanga Hospital

i always like colonial houses, very breezy.

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 02:56 AM

http://piclib.nhm.ac.uk/piclib/webimages/0/45000/800/45814_big.jpg

Zamboangan native huts. Zamboanga, Philippines

Description:
A photograph taken during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger (1872-1876) funded by the British Government for scientific purposes. The expedition is believed to have been the first to carry an official photographer.

link (http://piclib.nhm.ac.uk/piclib/www/image.php?img=91904&frm=ser&search=hut)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 02:58 AM

sayang ang ibang photo ng zamboang indi nakikita marami pa naman yun :ohno:

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 03:07 AM

Dipolog Airport

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/92/Dipolog_field_1945.jpg

Aerial view of Dipolog Field in 1945

Dipolog field was authorized to be constructed by President Manuel L. Quezon in 1936 after he opened the first bridge linking Dipolog to nearby Dapitan City. The bridge stands to this day as the Quezon Bridge. The 500-meter macadam airstrip was opened in 1937 with then-Vice President Sergio Osmeña inaugurating the airport onboard a Douglas DC-2 of the Philippine Army Air Corps (PAAC).

Airport Development

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4f/Vought_F4U_Corsair_Dipolog_Field.jpg

F4U Corsair at Dipolog Field 1945

2dLt Willard C. Olson, left, and 1stLt Winfield S. Sharpe show how Sharpe doubled up in the cockpit of a VMF-115 Corsair, which supported guerrillas in their rout of Japanese forces threatening the Dipolog airstrip on Mindanao.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/83/Dc-3_usmag_dpl.jpg

C-47 Skytrain 1945

The Douglas R4D Skytrain known in its civilian guise as the DC-3--was the workhorse for a wide variety of missions while being flown by MAG-25, the South Pacific Combat Air Transport Command (SCAT). Captain John C. Chapin, USMCR (Ret), Marines in the Liberation of the Philippines Department of Defense Photo (USMC) 108687

more stories click here (http://allrss.com/wikipedia.php?title=Dipolog_Airport)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 03:13 AM

http://bentley.umich.edu/research/guides/philippines/images/arti.jpg

Santiago Artiaga and staff, 1940

i thought of artiaga served also as mayor of davao city. can somebody confirm?

again tonight, thanks for the excellent effort sourcing these images. can you also put a link on the sources for credit purposes. thanks.

^^
Artiaga, Santiago, 1878-1962

* Santiago Artiaga papers, 1914-1957
* 0.3 linear foot

In 1923 the exigencies of Philippine government promoted Santiago Artiaga to the post of acting mayor of Manila. "The result," he wrote, "is that the former little Michigan boy, the most humble of the class of '04E is again since Dec. 16th the Acting Mayor of the most important city of the Philippines." Artiaga was overly modest. As Manila's city engineer from 1920 through 1936, he frequently served during vacancies in the mayor's office. After leaving Manila, he went on to serve as mayor of Zamboanga, mayor of Davao, and governor of Bukidnon and Malaybay provinces. Throughout his career, Artiaga maintained his association with the School of Engineering of the University of Michigan. As one of the first Philippine students to attend the University, Artiaga received the attention of Dean Mortimer E. Cooley. The two became close friends and began a correspondence when Artiaga returned to the Philippines. In their letters these two engineers discussed the direction of their careers and specific engineering projects on which they were engaged. Artiaga's correspondence with Cooley provides interesting comments on his engineering career in the Philippines. There are many letters between Artiaga and Cooley in the Michigan Historical Collections. Nearly seventy-five of these are in the Artiaga collection, while others can be found in the Mortimer Cooley papers.

A large part of Artiaga's papers concern his activities as governor of Bukidnon Province. These materials, in both Spanish and English, include the minutes of the provincial board, official correspondence, miscellaneous technical reports, and some photographs. The remainder of his papers relate to the University of Michigan and his activities within the University of Michigan Alumni Club of the Philippines in the period of 1950-1957.

link (http://bentley.umich.edu/research/guides/philippines/philipp_search.php?id=6)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 03:54 AM

http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks03/0300901h-21.jpg

THE SULU SEA

http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks03/0300901h-22.jpg

DATU RAJAH MUDA MANDI WITH KAMLIYA, HIS WIFE

http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks03/0300901h-24.jpg

THAT DATU'S WIFE

Title: Isles of Fear
Author: Katherine Mayo
* A Project Gutenberg of Australia eBook *
eBook No.: 0300901h.html
Edition: 1
Language: English
Character set encoding: HTML (Latin-1(ISO-8859-1)--8 bit)
Date first posted: June 2003
Date most recently updated: June 2003

link (http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks03/0300901h.html)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 04:33 AM

http://i116.photobucket.com/albums/o12/skykapt/Leyte%20event/TheMonkeyshavenotails.jpg

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 04:40 AM

http://www.sabah.gov.my/pd.sprn/sulu-royale01.jpg

link (http://www.sabah.gov.my/pd.sprn/sejarah.html)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 07:25 AM

SULTANATE OF SULU, "THE UNCONQUERED KINGDOM"

“The Spaniards never subdued the inhabitants who they called ‘Moros’, they were a fiercely independent people.” New Encyclopedia Britannica Vol. II, Copyright 1989, p. 381.

http://www.royalsulu.com/images/pic3_hist.gif

His Majesty Sultan Jamalul Ahlam Kiram (29th Reigning Sultan of Sulu and North Borneo/ Sabah from 1863 to 1881 -- the Sultan who leased Sabah to a British company in 1878, was the father of HM Sultan Badaruddin Kiram II (Sultan 1881 to 1886), HM Jamalul Kiram II (Sultan 1893 to 1936) and HM Sultan Mawallil Kiram (Sultan in 1936) receiving a French official delegation to discuss the terms of the Sale or Rental Agreement of the Island of Basilan with the Crown Prince and some Royal Datus and Cabinet Ministers. (Source: Royal Family Archives)

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The Royal Palace of the Sultan of Sulu & Sabah in Darul Jambangan, Maimbung, Sulu before it was gutted by fire. This was the palace that withstood the continued assault of the Spanish troops from 1521 to 1898 and thereafter, the American occupation up to the year of 1946. (Source: Royal Family Archives)

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His Majesty Sultan Mohammad Hadji Jamalul Kiram II, 31st Sultan, The Sultan of Sulu & The Sultan of Sabah, who ruled from year 1893 to 1936 but died of poisoning. HM Sultan Jamalul Kiram II was the longest Reigning Sultan of the Royal Sultanate of Sulu & Sabah. On his death, being no issue, he was succeeded by his young brother, HM Sultan Mawallil Wasit Kiram, 32nd Sultan (grandfather of HM Sultan Muhammad Fuad Abdulla Kiram I, the 35th Sultan). (Source: Royal Family Archives)

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HM Sultan Jamalul Kiram II (center), with his Royal Guards in front of the Royal Palace in Maimbung, Sulu, taken in 1900's. (Source: Royal Family Archives)

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Muslim Tausug warriors in 1900's. (Source: Royal Family Archives)

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Major General Leonard Wood, US Army, commanding general of the American troops that massacred more than 2,000 Muslim victims on the mountain of Bud Dajo in Sulu. Wood is known as the "Butcher of Bud Dajo" due to his unrepentant brutality and savagery to exterminate the Muslims called Moros in Sulu on orders by the US government directly from US Pres. Theodore Roosevelt. The US Army adapted the same slogan of American Indians' extermination, "a dead Indian is a good Indian" that became "a dead Moro is a good Moro." (Photo Source: National Archive)

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Triumphant US Army occupation troops under the command of Major General Leonard Wood stood over Muslim victims of the Bud Dajo massacre in 1906 that included helpless women and children. The Boston Globe newspaper reported the 100 years anniversary in 2006 of this massacre of 1,000 dead Muslims but Sulu annals stated more than 2,000 Muslim Tausugs were slaughtered by US Army troops in Bud Dajo. US Army generals and troops referred to the Muslims as savages and one general commented "the more you kill them the better it will please me."(Photo Source: National Archive & The Boston Globe Newspaper)

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Victorious American troops, 6 weeks after the March 7, 1906 Bud Dajo massacre, showed their trophies of numerous skulls of the Muslim victims of their atrocities which were lined up on a tree trunk. (Photo Source: National Archive)

For More Information on BUD DAJO MASSACRE: Click here (http://www.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2006/03/12/what_happened_at_bud_dajo/)

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une 12, 1913 Bud Bagsak Massacre: A mass grave of Muslim Tausug victims of US troops. The 1906 and 1913 twin massacres that included helpless women and children by the US soldiers against Muslims in Sulu will live in infamy as the Muslims remember the brutality and savagery of the first sustained incursion of the Americans in the Muslim world. The 1913 Bud Bagsak massacre by the US Army was commanded by Brig. Gen. John J. Pershing who made his name in his earnest killing of Muslims. Wood and Pershing epitomized the barbaric savagery and brutality of the US policy of extermination to subjugate and kil the Muslims to succumb to their forced occupation of the Sultanate of Sulu, a sovereign Muslim kingdom nation state for centuries, ahead of the USA Constitution in 1776. The Muslim Tausugs stood defiant in the face of US superior cannons, guns, pistols and grenades against their swords and daggers. The USA in 1900s as a world power replaced Spain as colonial master adapted zero tolerance to any opposition that resulted in deaths of countless Muslims. Some historians call these massacres crimes against humanity. (Photo Source: National Archive)

link (http://www.royalsulu.com/history.html)

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January 28th, 2009, 07:33 AM

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January 28th, 2009, 07:36 AM

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tausug

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January 28th, 2009, 08:04 AM

MorolandHistory.com (http://morolandhistory.com/Photo%20Galleries/Photo%20Galleries.htm)

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Library of Congress - Pershing Collection

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January 28th, 2009, 08:05 AM

The Sultan of Sulu, his advisors, and an American Officer - 1900

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The Sultan of Sulu is in center front, albeit absent Hadji Butu and the Rajah Muda, who were usually a part of his entourage. The American officer is thought to be 2nd Lt. John W. Norwood of the 23rd Infantry, a North Carolinian, who describes a similar photo session as having taken place during a visit to Siasi by the Sultan in early 1900. Charlie Schuck, the invaluable German-born interpreter for the Americans is standing to his left, and it is believed the European gentleman with the hat at the back left of the photo is his older brother Edward ("Eddy".)

(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:07 AM

Jolo Town Pier and Lighthouse

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The the old Spanish lighthouse at the end of the Jolo town pier guided vessels at night in the harbor for at least three-quarters of a century and was the point of disembarkation of the 23rd Infantry in May of 1899. A U.S. Navy gunboat is at anchor in background.

(Photo: National Archives)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:07 AM

Jolo garrison as seen from pier lighthouse

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This is the walled city occupied by the Spanish when the 23rd Infantry landed. Beyond and not visible is the city outside the walls. The small mountain behind the city, six miles distant, is Bud Dajo.

(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:08 AM

Two Tausug Warriors c1899

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January 28th, 2009, 08:12 AM

The Sultan of Sulu c1900

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From left to right standing, Hadji Butu the Sultan's principal advisor, a man identified only as a "visiting Austrian Count", Charlie Schuck, and an unknown Tausug chief or official. In the original photo, Hadji Butu is misidentified as Hadji Abdullah, and the man on the right misidentified as Hadji Butu (he is not Hadji Abdullah.) Sitting is the Sultan, Jamul-ul-Kiram II, and to his right the younger half-brother of Charlie, Julian, both served as important interpreters and go-betweens for the Americans for well over a decade.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - 14th Cavalry files from Spanish-American War Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:12 AM

23rd Infantry Soldiers on top of Jolo city walls

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Apparently taking a lunch break, they are still dressed in the dark blue uniforms that were soon to be discarded in favor of tropical khaki.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:13 AM

Village of Jolo - outside walls of the fort c1899

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This is part of the Moro village outside the Jolo city walls, the city being virtually a large walled and fortified compound housing administrative offices, barracks, and officer's houses. The Moro houses are made from bamboo and nipa, situated on pilings over the water to provide sanitation and take advantage of the cool breezes off the water. Being only five degrees from the equator, there is very little tidal rise and fall in the Sulus. This scene was not much different when the author first visited Jolo in 1968.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:13 AM

"Knife exchange"

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Wherever soldier's go, so goes commerce. This is an impromptu "exchange" or trading bazaar set up by members of the 23rd Infantry at an outpost just outside the Jolo main gate, where local Tausugs were encouraged to bring in swords, knives, spears, shields, and other implements of warfare for purchase or trade. The currency used was the "Mex", one and five-dollar Mexican gold pieces, which had been the principal currency in the Philippines under the Spanish. The U.S. Army used it for local purchases and made it readily available as exchange to the soldiers. As can be seen, the market was very popular and everyone had a good time clowning around for pictures. Even though alcohol use was rare among the Moros, prohibited by Islam, it was not long before whiskey smuggled in from British North Borneo and Singapore soon found its way to the market. The soldiers quickly discovered that they could readily trade these artifacts to the many visiting Navy ships for the many goods and amenities they enjoyed that the Army did not, such as on-board fresh-water showers, ice (many ships had ice-making equipment and even ice cream), and San Miguel beer from Manila.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:13 AM

Charlie Schuck and a Tausug datu (on pony) with attendants

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(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - 14th Cavalry files from Spanish-American War Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:17 AM

Tausug warrior showing off his wares at the knife exchange

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In letters home, more than one officer, schooled in the classics, noted that being among the Tausugs, with their spears, swords and warrior culture, caused them to reread The Odyssey and The Iliad, as they were "living amidst" the modern day counterparts, to Agamemnon, Achilles, Hector, Paris, and Helen of Troy, and they felt they were now better able to comprehend people of that long ago era.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:18 AM

Gunboat USS Castine

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Launched 11 May 1892 by Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine; sponsored by Miss M. Hichborn; commissioned 22 October 1894. The Castine was a schooner-rigged gunboat of 1,177 tons, 204’ in length, carrying four six-pound cannons as her main armament. Her skipper in the Philippines was Commander Samuel Very, an older, experienced officer, well known in the U.S. Navy and maritime circles as the inventor of “Very Signal (Flare) Pistol”. Very and the Castine proved invaluable in defeating a Filipino insurgency in Zamboanga and her sailors took part in taking the city. In 1900 she cruised in Chinese waters, staying in Asia until 1901. Returning to the U.S., the ship was briefly decommissioned but returned to service in the South Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Caribbean. She served at Gibraltar during World War I and was decommissioned and sold out of the service in 1921.

(Photo: Naval History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:18 AM

Crew of USS Castine

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January 28th, 2009, 08:18 AM

A Tausug Datu (right) and warrior (ca 1900)

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(Photo: Author's Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:20 AM

Yakan (Basilan Samal) ladies of the upper class (ca 1900)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:20 AM

Datu with retinue (ca 1910)

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Top row l-r, bodyguard - parasol carrier - bodyguard - bodyguard

Center row l-r, Datu, Datu's father, advisor

Bottom row l-r, bodyguard - tobacco carrier - beetle-nut box carrier - buyo carrier - bodyguard

(Photo: National Archives)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:21 AM

Datu with family

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Note sunglasses - likely a European import at the time.

(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:22 AM

Maguindanao datu with retinue

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(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:22 AM

A demonstration of Moro spear combat (ca 1911)

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(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:26 AM

Moro spearman (ca 1911)

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(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:30 AM

Wedding Barge, at Maibun c1900

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To carry a wedding party of aristocrats. Note the American flag at the stern.

(Photo: Author's collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:31 AM

"Moro Town" in Zamboanga c1900

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With houses constructed of bamboo and nipa, the Moros lived in a separate enclave adjacent to the main town and Ft. Pilar.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:31 AM

Chinese Community merchants at Maibun, Jolo c1900

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Self-governing and protected by the Sultanate, the Chinese community was well established in Sulu by the 14th century. Their leader was "Captain" Teano, prosperous and highly respected by the Tausugs and Americans alike.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:32 AM

Tausug Wedding Party - Sulu c1900

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The mat on the front holds the wedding feast. Covers protect food from insects, and banana leaves in the foreground are wrapped around rice. The bride wears a type of white, pancake makeup for the occasion. Note the American lady attending, to the right of the groom.

(Photo: Author's Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:35 AM

The Rajah Muda on his way to meet with General Bates

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The delegation, according to protocol all now dismounted except the Rajah Muda, proceed inside the Jolo walls to the headquarters of General Bates. Third from the right, on foot, is Hadji Butu, the Sultan's principal political advisor and the primary negotiator with the Americans.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:36 AM

Datu Mandi and Wife

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January 28th, 2009, 08:36 AM

Meeting Between the Rajah Muda and General Bates

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This was the second meeting. Seated from left is Hadji Butu, the Sultan's principal advisor, the Rajah Muda, the Sultan's brother and heir apparent, General Bates, and an Arab advisor to the Sultanate. Standing second row from left are three guards, Charlie Schuck, Capt. Samuel S. Smiley, Bate's Adjutant, Dr. Frank S. Bourns, and 1st Lt. Horace M. Reeve. Bourns was the Chief Army Surgeon in Manila. By chance when a graduate student at the University of Michigan ten years earlier, he had visited Jolo on an ornithology expedition. He was one of the few Americans who had ever been there, even though briefly. Bourns had a gift for languages, had come to know a smattering of several island languages and had studied the customs and protocol of the area. He proved an invaluable advisor to Bates.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:37 AM

Taking stock of the Americans

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The American soldiers mystified the local populace in Jolo. They knew not from where they were from, what they intended to do, nor why they came here in the first place. According to Needhom Freeman, a 23rd Infantry Private from Georgia, neither did many of the American soldiers.

(Photo: National Archives)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:38 AM

Datu Mandi arrives to meet General Bates

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While the negotiations were underway, Datu Mandi arrived from Zamboanga, and requested an audience with Bates. Mandi was most upset with the takeover of the town by the "voluntarios" (armed supporters of the Philippine Revolutionary Government) following the evacuation of the Spanish. He had moved several thousands of his followers who lived in the town to his other settlements in the countryside, and informed Bates he was planning to assault the town with his 3-4,000 fighting men. Bates asked him to to put his plans on hold until the Americans completed the negotiations and had sufficient new forces to support him. Even though superior in numbers, Bates feared that the voluntarios had too much of an advantage over the Muslims with the modern armaments and abundant ammunition they had acquired through a raid on Spanish gunboats being conveyed north for purchase by the Americans and from arms sold to them by the departing Spanish Army. Mandi agreed to wait for the time being, and impressed the Americans with his intelligence and grasp of events.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:40 AM

Capt. Hagedorn throwing pennies

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^^
may nakahubad :lol: :lol: :lol:

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January 28th, 2009, 08:41 AM

Sultan of Sulu arrives to sign the Bates Agreement

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August 20, 1899 - 1st Lt. Reeve leads the Sultan (on horseback, carrying a dark-colored parasol), from Asturias Gate to the signing ceremony. The Sultan, who has ridden for three hours from Maibun, is accompanied by a substantial entourage. Afterwards to celebrate, the Sultan engaged in one of his favorite pastimes--betting on the local pony races.

(Photo: National Archives)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:44 AM

Sailing the Sulu Sea

Gunboat USS Yorktown

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The Yorktown was the second boat of this name and the predecessor to the famous aircraft carrier of World War II fame, sunk at the Battle of Midway. She was launched in 1887 but was in mothballs at the onset of the Spanish-American War. Re-commissioned, she was one of several larger gunboats rushed to the Asiatic Fleet in response to the need for smaller, shallower draft, and more maneuverable vessels. Obsolete by European standards, at 245 feet and 1,910 tons, she carried six 6-inch guns, four 3-pounders, four 1-pounders, and two 30-caliber machineguns--a formidable presence for the Sulu Sea.

The Yorktown took over from the Charleston and the Manila as the workhorse in assisting General Bates in extending U.S. rule over the remainder of Sulu and to Mindanao following the signing of the Bates Agreement. Her captain, Commander Charles S. Sperry proved of invaluable aid to General Bates in his many negotiations and cultivated vital contacts among the British in nearby North Borneo. Sperry's relationship with the British Consul for all of Borneo, Brunei, and Sarawak, Arthur Keyser, resulted in the British foreign service providing valuable intelligence on gunrunners and smugglers which essentially "shut the back door to the Philippines" for arms going to the war in the north between the U.S. and the Philippine Revolutionary Government. In 1908, by then an Admiral, Sperry distinguished himself as the second of two commanders of the around-the-world voyage of Teddy Roosevelt's "Great White Fleet." The Yorktown served during World War I and was scrapped in 1921.

(Photo: Naval History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:45 AM

Datu Kalun and followers on board USS Charleston

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August 2, 1899 the USS Charleston conveyed General Bates and his party to the island of Basilan, north of Jolo, to invite on board the legendary Datu Kalun, also known by his former Christian name as Pedro Cuevas. Datu Kalun ruled this island, larger physically but with a smaller population than Jolo, with an iron hand. Kalun had made contact with Commander Very of the USS Castine and professed his friendship for the Americans and offered help in seizing nearby Zamboanga from PRG armed bands. Bates objective was to form an alliance with Kalun, both against the PRG and, if it proved necessary, against the Sulu Sultanate. His ticket was the Charleston, whose power and, for them, advance technology, awed the datu and his followers. Here Datu Kalun, near the center with the polka-dot tunic, watch the crew prepare to fire weapons.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:46 AM

Watching the Guns Fire

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Datu Kalun is in the center, next to the interpreter Charlie Schuck.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:46 AM

On Deck on the Charleston

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The older colonel in the foreground appears to be Major Owen J. Sweet, who was a Colonel of Volunteers at the time. He replaced Capt. Pratt as the commander of the two battalions of the 23rd Infantry in Sulu. Dr. Bourns is a t the center. Note that the sailor to the right appears to be Filipino. The Navy began recruiting Filipinos as firemen (to shovel coal into the boilers) and as deck hands almost as soon as they arrived in the Philippines.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:46 AM

Firing a Smaller Gun

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Sailors aim a gun while Datu Kalun pulls the lanyard.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:47 AM

Answering questions on the catwalk

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General Bates, in white dress uniform center, appears to be pondering a question raised by Datu Kalun. Dr. Bourns is to the right of Bates, and Datu Kalun to his immediate left, followed by Charlie Schuck (head only visible), a follower and two Navy officers.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:48 AM

Time to Leave?

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General Bates appears to be either checking his wrist watch or adjusting his sleeve. These "get acquainted" visits were on a very crowded and tightly-scheduled time schedule. In between negotiating sessions with the Sulu Sultanate, Bates sought to meet face-to-face as many important Sulu datus as possible in order to sell the American agenda. To the right side of Bates is the indispensable Charlie Schuck and to his left Commander Pigman, captain of the Charleston.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:48 AM

Calling on Datu Hussin

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Lt. Reeve, Capt. Hagedorn (behind man on Reeve's left) and Charlie Schuck come ashore form the Manila to pay their respects to the influential Datu Amir Hussin of Lugus island and invite him to tour the ship. Datu Hussin is shown on the front cover of Moroland 1899-1906.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:50 AM

Shuttling between vintas, a steam launch, and the USS Manila

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Visit to Siasi Island.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:52 AM

"jack-a-back" to a Navy gig

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Datu Hussin is carried what the sailors called "jack-a-back" to the Manila's gig by one of his followers while Lt. Reeve is carried the same way by a Navy sailor. Whether one is a Moro datu or U.S. Army officer, it would not be seemly to arrive on deck soaked through.

(Photo: US Army Military History Institute - Dinwiddie Collection)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:54 AM

Major Owen Sweet, "The Man Who Would be Sultan"

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Top photo: Major Sweet with Sultan Jamal-ul-Kiram II. Charlie Schuck, the interpreter, is behind and to his left. It is believed the man on the right is Datu Calbi, with whom the Sultan was feuding.

Bottom clipping: One of many photo opportunities Sweet cultivated which appeared in U.S. newspapers and periodicals.

(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 08:59 AM

Datu Piang, c1901

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"...a powerful new ally was discovered in the half-Chinese, half-Maguindanao Datu Piang. Piang would become one of the principal and favorite datus of the Americans, a relationship that would last until his death. Piang, however, always acted in his own self-interest and would become as adept at exploiting the Americans as they were him."

This photograph is available as a download from the National Archives site, ARC Identifier 533180, and is entitled "Datto Piang, King of Mindanao, and American Officers, ca. 1910." It was taken from a stereo photograph. However, comparing it to other photographs of Piang and the uniforms, it appears to be ten years earlier. It also appears to have been reversed when printed and this photo is re-reversed as a result. The famed warrior Datu Inuk is standing in the center, behind Piang. His right ear was detached, giving a clue as to the correct direction for the photo. The officer standing next to Piang, may be Major L. M. Brett. There appear to be two naval officers standing behind, wearing sun helmets. Piang's foot rests on a lantaca, a small brass cannon of Arabic design.

(Photo: National Archives)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:00 AM

Jolo officials, c1901

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Left: a Tausug policeman, employed by the Americans to police the town within the walls of the city. (Photo: from a booklet prepared for the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair.)

Right: The Sultan's tax collector for the island, who also free-lanced for the Americans. The only revenue stream the Americans inherited from the Spanish were a duty on opium importation and a tax on the local cock-fighting arena.

(Photo: U.S. Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:01 AM

The Soldier's Life - "Jolo suited me", Pvt. Needhom Freeman, 1901

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Two soldiers engage in a little bit of comradeship and "R & R" on the outside of Jolo's city walls (no alcohol was permitted within the fort.)

From pages 96-97: "But, while railing against bad officers and conditions in his memoir, Freeman apparently had some good times too, 'Jolo suited me for service better than any other place I was in. Most all the soldiers who did service there liked it. Sailors enjoyed their visits [too].' He added delicately, 'The most undesirable feature of the town is that there are no ‘pleasure retreats’ except to go to the mountains and among the Moros.' The pious Major Sweet was very protective, erecting many barriers against the temptations that might corrupt his young charges -- both of flesh and strong drink. 'The places where we were prohibited from going …were the places most desirable for us to slip out and go to.' Men were encouraged to hunt and fish, and ammunition was allocated for that purpose. This had the advantage of giving them a legitimate pretext to leave the post but with the security of being armed. They were not timid men, 'The dangers to us by going out were only fascinating rather than hindering.'

While liquor was difficult for an enlisted man to get, particularly so in the Muslim villages, they soon discovered “tuba”, which has been a part of soldier and sailor lore in the Philippines ever since. Tuba is a white, milky beverage distilled from the coconut.... As Freeman noted, 'but little is necessary to make a man drunk.'

(Photo: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:02 AM

Sultan's Vintas Greeting the Philippine Commission

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"With much attendant ceremony, the Commission met with the Sultan of Sulu, whose entourage had sailed around the island to Jolo town from Maibun on sixty-five highly decorated vintas, but little of substance was discussed. While in Jolo, the electrifying news was received that Brig. General Frederick Funston had captured Emilio Aguinaldo, leader of the PRG, in a daring (and later controversial) raid on his headquarters in northern Luzon. After that, the remainder of the voyage took on an almost carnival air, with far more time devoted to collecting artifacts and souvenirs at each subsequent stop than meeting with local leaders."

(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:03 AM

Dancing for the Philippine Commission at Zamboanga

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General Kobbe was violently sick with malaria during the Commission's visit, which, unfortunately, prevented him from presenting his far more liberal approach to Moro relations. Major Morrison substituted, but was somewhat lackluster. Regardless, the festive mood of the Commission, following Aguinaldo's capture 500 miles to the north, was not conducive to serious business. Most of their time for the remainder of the trip was spent at festivities or in the markets.

(Photo: U.S. Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:05 AM

Two small Maguindanao Girls Dancing at Cotabato for the Commission

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Daniel Williams, the Commission Secretary, wrote of their experience in Moroland (page 94), “The color, the life, the strange costumes and faces made us wonder if it was all real . . . it was the spectacular run riot and beyond all the skill of the cleverest stage manager.” Williams wrote of the stop in Davao, “Before we returned to the boat those natives looked like a lot of plucked birds, many of them selling the clothes off their backs.”

"It was these more superficial images and Sweet’s biases against the Moros that the Commission took back to Manila to report to Washington, enhancing the stereotype of a wild and untamed people, guided by an oppressive religion, almost beyond the comprehension of members of the 'Anglo-Saxon race.'”

(Photos: from booklet, Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:08 AM

William H. Taft with Datu Uto, March 29, 1901

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Datu Uto was a legendary figure among the Maguindanaos, having led his people in a long war against the Spanish. By this time, he had retired from public life but was still an important figurehead. But, the spectacular receptions aside and behind the smile, Taft had been left both perplexed by and fearful of the Moros. An accompanying reporter from the New York Times wrote, “Close acquaintance with the barbaric backwardness of these people was an object lesson to the commission, and at the close of the visit they were in a state of considerable uncertainty as to how to deal with the situation.”

From Pages 94-95: "With regard to the hot-potato issue of slavery, like President McKinley and the Congress, the Philippine Commission avoided altogether consideration of a payment scheme to achieve manumission (the issue of polygamy was also skirted) and expressed in their report:

An attempt at the present time to use force in securing the liberty of Moro slaves would inevitably provoke a fierce conflict with a brave and warlike people, and, so far as the slaves themselves are concerned would meet with little appreciation. If, on the other hand, the refusal on the part of the Government to recognize slavery is persisted in, and the taking and acquiring of new slaves is prevented, the question will settle itself in a generation without bloodshed or the bitterness necessarily engendered by an armed strife.

The most important decision reached by the Commission, although obliquely addressed, was simply to leave the Army in charge of Moroland and push any decisions on civil government far off into the future. The new civil government concluded it wanted to have nothing to do with the Moros.

(Photos: from booklet, Library of Congress

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January 28th, 2009, 09:09 AM

Brigadier General George Whitfield Davis

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General Davis is on the far right, back row, Capt. Pershing on the far left in this photograph taken with the local datus at Division Headquarters in Zamboanga in 1901, shortly after Davis took command and Pershing was the acting Asst. A.G. Datu Mandi is in the front row, far left, in his customary white suit. Pershing was almost six-feet tall. It is obvious from this and subsequent photos that Davis was a large man.

(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:11 AM

The 15th Cavalry Regiment

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Captain Pershing transferred to the just-arrived 15th Cavalry in July of 1901, in order to remain for a second tour of duty in Moroland. The 15th was a brand new regiment, that had only been constituted earlier that same year. When Pershing asked a major of the squadron his opinion of its readiness for duty, he was told, “It has a hundred horses who never saw a soldier, a hundred soldiers who never saw a horse, and a bunch of officers who never saw either.” However, it seems apparent from this neat and orderly formation that they were fast learners. Despite this initial gloomy assessment, several companies of the 15th went on to acquit themselves with distinction over the next two years while serving under Pershing in the Lake Lanao Campaigns.

(Photo: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:12 AM

The 27th Infantry Regiment

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The 27th Infantry Regiment was constituted in February 1901 as one of ten new regiments of a permanent expansion of the Regular Army in response to demands placed by the Philippine Insurrection and the need to replace temporary Voluntary Regiments whose authorizations had expired. The Regiment was not posted to the Philippines until early 1902, and did not arrive in Moroland until one month before the Battle of Bayan. However, while newly-formed, a large number of the officers and men had previously served in either the Philippines or Cuba, where some had seen combat. This photo shows small boats landing members of the 27th Regiment with the hand-written notation "possibly Siasi", but is more likely the beach at Malabang on Mindanao, where Col. Baldwin gathered his forces for the march on Bayan. The second picture shows the recent arrivals in formation for an inspection dressed in newly-issued tropical khakis .

(Photos: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:13 AM

A Hasty Conference Followed by a "bichara" (parley)

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"On April 23, a cable was sent directly to General Chaffee from no less than President Theodore Roosevelt, to the effect that no expedition against the Moros was to be made until all efforts at negotiation were exhausted, that he must 'confer freely with the acting civil governor [Taft], [and] in the event the force has to be sent he [the President] directs that it go under the immediate command of General Davis.' A now panicky Chaffee ordered Davis to proceed posthaste to Malabang to repeat the President’s message to Baldwin in person and convey his (Chaffee’s) displeasure, while ordering messages to be sent out once again to the lake datus, asking for another bichara (parley).... But absent were the three datus who had been the object of the letter. According to Davis, 'none of them [the three datus] made any friendly responses to the warning, or offered to present themselves.' In fact, the Sultan of Bayan actually made a threatening reply, stating, 'The word of the Colonel is not the law of the Sultan of Bayan . . . ' and that the only authority he recognized was the (religious) authority of the Sultan of Turkey. By now Davis felt boxed in. He wired Chaffee to the effect that 'to retire would be to ruin our prestige, and to withdraw a part of the force would be dangerous.' As the deadline neared, the mission of Captain Pershing, now on his lone trek to the north end of the lake, was the only remaining hope for averting an all-out war with one-third of all the Moros. Washington feared, with good reason, that an incident in the lake country could lead to an uprising of all of Moroland, just as the war in the northern Philippines was finally about to be declared ended." Excerpt from MOROLAND 1899 - 1906.

(Photos: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:15 AM

27th Infantry on March to Bayan - Two Young Maranao Warriors

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"At Chaffee’s orders, Davis accompanied the expedition as it marched to the southern banks of Lake Lanao, closely monitoring Baldwin’s orders. The number of continuing logistical problems alarmed Davis. Maps of the trails proved completely unreliable. While the actual distance to the lake was shorter than expected, the severity of the terrain had proven worse than expected, and the expedition was plagued by heavy rains and mud. Baldwin had planned to move field artillery up the trails, but this proved impossible — the trail was far too overgrown and narrow. The 300 Maguindanaos from the Rio Grande hired as porters soon began leaving, not because of fear of danger, but the reverse. They abandoned the expedition in disgust when told they would not be permitted to join in the fight against their enemies." Excerpt from MOROLAND 1899 - 1906.

(Photos: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:17 AM

Map and Sketches from the Battle of Bayan

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The Battle of Bayan, the first hostile action between the Americans and the Moros, took place the next day, May 2, 1902. Seven companies of the 2nd Battalion, 27th Infantry advanced toward the lake, accompanied by the four mountain guns of the 25th Battery Light Artillery. Within sight of the lake, they encountered two large cottas about 1,000 yards (915 meters) apart, called Fort Binadayan and Fort Pandapatan by the Americans. Since Binadayan occupied the higher ground by 80 feet (25 meters) and was more lightly defended, it was assaulted first and quickly taken. Sixteen Maranaos were killed, the rest fleeing to nearby Pandapatan. The only U.S. casualty was one man wounded. But then things went awry with the assault on Fort Pandapatan. Although the combatants were nearly evenly-matched in manpower, about 300 men each on the firing lines, the Americans had a five-to-one advantage in the number of rifles. But Col. Baldwin committed the assault in piecemeal fashion across a slow, 1,000 yard (915 meter) advance. But once the Americans had reached the defensive perimeter of Binadayan, the quarters became suddenly and dangerously close. Low on ammunition, the Americans fixed bayonets. In failing light and a drenching downpour, the Maranaos suddenly rose from trenches and from out of the cotta walls in a ferocious onslaught. The bayonets were no match for the famed Moro short swords, the kris, barong, and kampilan, as well as their spears. The close in, hand-to-hand fighting that followed was completely outside of the doughboy's experience and training. Company F was almost trapped, took 50% casualties including its two officers. Its men forced to spend most of the night out in the open, in the rain, before crawling back through the mud to the American lines early in the morning.

(Maps and Sketches from Annual Report of the War Department for 1902)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:18 AM

Bayan's Two Forts

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Cotta (Fort) Binadayan

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Cotta (Fort) Pandapatan

Although appearing crude and archaic, they presented a significant problem for Baldwin's expedition. This was the first time they or any other Americans had encountered such fortifications, almost a throwback to medieval times. However the earthen-mud walls were nearly five-feet thick and twelve feet high behind dry moats lined with sharpened bamboo stakes, presenting a formidable problem in an assault.

(Photos: Pershing Collection - Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:19 AM

The newly-established Camp Vicars in mid-1902

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The tent-city encampment was established May 4, 1902 on the high grassy plain south of and nearby to Lake Lanao, less than 1,000 yards from the site of the Battle of Bayan, near a fresh water supply. It was named in honor of 1st Lt. Thomas A. Vicars, who was killed in the assault on Fort Pandapatan. Shortly after its establishment, General Chaffee ordered Col. Baldwin back to Malabang, in order to leave Captain Pershing as the senior officer in charge of the camp, and gave Pershing a wide mandate to continue his efforts to forge relationships with the Lake Lanao Maranaos and convince them to accept U.S. sovereignty. Top - camp headquarters. Middle - larger tents housing 4-6 men, generally the cavalry and artillery. Bottom - two-man pup tents for the infantry.

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Top - Hospital Corps staff: Chief Surgeon Richards (bottom row, second from left), doctors, and hospital corps men. Middle - 27th Infantry in front of pup tents with arms stacked. Bottom - 27th Infantry lined up for pay day.

(Photos: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:20 AM

Bayan's Forts

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Walls of Fort Pandapatan

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defensive bamboo abattis

The defenses at Cotta (Fort) Pandapatan shortly after their surrender. "The initial count for the 27th Infantry was seven killed and forty-four wounded. Within three days, three of the wounded died, and a fourth not long after. Most of the wounded were in bad shape; quite a few had lost limbs and were injured severely enough to be later invalided for life. Out of an actual attacking party of a little more than 300 men, this was a high casualty rate, with about half incurred by Company F.... As best as could be determined from a search of the abandoned Pandapatan cotta, about 600 Moros had been in the battle.... The number killed was estimated at 300–400, the actual body count being lower, but many were seen being carried away or had crawled into the high grass to die.... With a force roughly equal in size but outgunned in modern firepower almost five to one, using eighteenth-century bladed weapons and tactics against a twentieth-century army, the Maranaos had inflicted serious damage. They had surrendered only because their leadership had been killed, eighty percent of their force lost, and they were completely surrounded. Even then, most of those captured escaped the next morning.... And here lay the rub. Americans defined “winning” as killing more than the enemy did and securing control over the battlefield. This is how the Civil War was won, as well as the more recent war in Cuba and in the battles in the north against the Christian Filipinos. The opponents in these conflicts generally shared these same definitions and accepted an outcome based on the same rules and scoring. Not so the Moros. What was important to them was the struggle and how one conducted oneself, personally and as a people, not necessarily the measurable outcome. They knew from the beginning that they were no match for American firepower. It was a one-sided match, what today is termed “asymmetric warfare,” but so what? Their final measure was how well one did against the odds, the more overwhelmingly against one, the greater the glory. And being that life is transitory anyway, what mattered most was how well did you die? The Americans and the Moros were using different score cards for the same game." Excerpts from MOROLAND 1899 - 1906, p.p. 133-135.

(Photos: Pershing Collection - Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:26 AM

Camp Vicars in mid-1902

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Top - Captain Pershing inspecting men of the hospital corps. Middle - inspecting the 27th Infantry. Bottom - a parade of the 15th Cavalry. Having been stationed on the American frontier, Pershing was very concerned about the corrosive effects of boredom that on a small, isolated post--especially all-male with no dependents or social outlets outside the encampment. The men complained in letters home about his martinet-like behavior; constant inspections, parades, drills, and practice maneuvers with many demerits issued for deficiencies and few rewards for good work. But he kept them focused, disciplined, alert, and maintaining a soldier mindset. Their subsequent performance would prove his methods correct.

(Photos: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:28 AM

Camp Vicars in mid-1902

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Top - The 25th Field Artillery Battery with their four Maxim-Nordenfeldt mountain guns. Middle left - A soldier of the 27th Infantry. Middle right - A veterinary hospital for horses and mules. The three African-American men in the foreground appear to be contract civilian packers from the U.S. Bottom left - securing the perimeter with bamboo entrapments. Bottom right - Mess hall duty.

(Photos: US Army Military History Institute)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:33 AM

Reaching out and inviting in the Maranaos (1902)

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"Pershing’s strategy has often been described by historians as one of divide and conquer. But the Moros, by the very nature of their societal institutions, were already divided. Rather, Pershing focused on sorting out who were his friends, who were his enemies, and who were in between. He sensed that at some point he would have to fight some of the most recalcitrant datus...he knew he could not fight everyone, and it would be most unwise to fight someone he did not have to and unnecessarily add more enemies as a result." Excerpt from MOROLAND 1899 - 1906.

Top - Captain Pershing visiting the datus of the north end of the lake at Marahui. Pershing is in the foreground with the back of his hat to the camera. The notation on the photo states, "You will know Pershing by the way he wears his hat." Inevitably, it was rakishly tilted to one side. Middle left - Datu Grande, befriended by Pershing, was a reliable source of information about his fellow datus of the lower end of the lake. Middle right - The Sultan of Maciu and followers. Initially expressing friendship, a few months later he would later join the datus on the eastern side of the lake in fighting the Americans and be killed in battle. Bottom - Datu Pedro (standing left, wearing a Spanish officer tunic) proved a valuable and loyal ally to Pershing. He provided many of the hired cargadores for Pershing's expeditions. To his right is Thomas Torres, a Christian Filipino who was the head interpreter for the Americans. Torres would work (and fight - a very tough man) beside the Americans for more than a decade.

(Photos: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:35 AM

The stream of invited guests (1902)

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Top - The new Sultan of Bayan (successor of the one killed in the Battle of Bayan a few months earlier), having come to Camp Vicars to meet the new commandant, departs with great ceremony and the gift of an American flag. Bottom - General George Davis on left, and Major James Pettit on right, meet with a Moro delegation during a visit to the camp. Pettit, an old friend of Pershing and the only other carryover from General Kobbe's staff, was assigned by Davis to be the direct liaison between his HQ and Pershing, bypassing the normal chain of command.

(Photos: Top: National Archives; Bottom: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:37 AM

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Top - Datu Pedro, middle right, and Datu Mundas, became allies of the Americans. Datu Pedro loaned Pershing a number of large vintas to carry supplies for his military campaigns and voyages across the lake during expedition marches. Middle - Datu Paiguey while not hostile kept his distance, like most datus taking a neutral stance, neither helping nor hindering. Thanks to Pershing's outreach, most Maranaos sat on the fence, waiting to see who win out. This was fine with Pershing. Bottom - Captain Pershing, center, made Captain J.A. Ryan of the 15th Cavalry (second from right) as his deputy in dealing with the northern datus. They are shown here in early 1903 with a prominent Marahui chieftain. Thomas Torres, the principal American interpreter, is on the far left and trumpeter Charles A. Pryor of the 15th Cavalry on the far right.

(Photos: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

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January 28th, 2009, 09:39 AM

The November, 1902 Conference

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Following the September-October campaigns, Pershing arranged a conference between the most powerful datus and General Sumner, its purpose being to clearly state American objectives, stress an intended policy of non-interference with datu rule over their subjects, and explain why military action had been taken against a few of their more recalcitrant brethren. The majority of the datus, while not friendly or supportive of the American position, nevertheless indicated that they could live with it, clearing the way for taking action against the three most resistant leaders.

Top - Sumner with his staff, a datu, and several officers form Camp Vicars at the opening of the conference. Pershing is on the far right. Middle - A photo was taken of the two most prominent datus and their entourage, seated left is the Sultan of Bayang, center the Sultan of Oato, and right his son and heir the Datu of Oato. Bottom - General Sumner (seated left) is shown with those three same dignitaries that evening at the conclusion of the conference outside the headquarters tent. Standing in the center is Captain W.S. McNair of the 25th Field Artillery Battery, Captain Pershing, and Thomas Torres.

(Photos: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:41 AM

Expedition against the Sultan of Bacolod, April, 1903

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Following the conference, in late 1902, "General Sumner had written to the Sultan of Bacolod that 'the chance was now given to him and his people to make friends with the Americans before it was too late.' He [the Sultan] responded, 'The Sultan of Bacolod declares war at once as we wish to retain the religion of Mohammed. Cease sending us letters.' Sumner had recommended to [General] Davis military action 'when convenient to do so,' but Pershing’s counsel was to exercise patience and wait a while longer to see whether some of the hostile datus might come around, decreasing the size of the opposition." But then the entire Lake Lanao area was visited first by a plague of locusts that devoured the crops, a series of destructive typhoons, a massive earthquake, and finally a severe outbreak outbreak of cholera. The delay in military action, extending six months, proved wise. Finally, "On April 5, 1903, Pershing left Camp Vicars with a force consisting of two troops of the 15th Cavalry, five companies of the 27th Infantry, elements of the 17th Battery Field Artillery with two 3.6-inch field mortars, six personnel of the Hospital Corps, a 100-mule pack train, a hired train of sixty-four Moro pack ponies, and four large Moro vintas. The fighting force totaled 512 officers and men." Their target, the heavily-fortified cotta of the Sultan of Bacolod. Excerpts from MOROLAND 1899 - 1906, p.154, 157.

Top - General Sumner accompanying the 15th Cavalry on reconnaissance. Middle - 15th Cavalry leaving Camp Vicars. Pershing is the officer gesturing on the far left. Bottom - The mule pack train.

(Photos: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:42 AM

Expedition against west side of Lake Lanao, April, 1903

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Top - Mules carrying disassembled 1.65 inch Hotchkiss mountains guns. Weighing 362 pounds each, one gun and associated gear was divided among three mules. The mountain guns were well-suited to the grassy high plains of Lanao.

Middle - Mule train of the 17th Field Artillery Battery leaving Camp Vicars with mountain guns, field mortars, and ammunition.

Bottom - a 15th Cavalry patrol in the high grasses.

(Photos: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:43 AM

In Action

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http://morolandhistory.com/Photo%20Galleries/Chapter%208/8%20C%20-%20campaign%20trail/8-C-12.%20Pershing%20LC%206-05%20200.jpg

Top - Mountain guns in action at Bacolod. Middle left - Infantry firing line at Bacolod. Middle right - 1st Lt, George C. Shaw: In leading the assault on a cotta at Pitacus, "Shaw and two of his men reached the top of the parapet but were immediately hit by withering fire from within, badly wounding the two men. Shaw stood alone at the top of a bamboo ladder, coolly and single-handedly shooting back, first with his 45-caliber revolver and, when that was exhausted, by having his men pass him up rifle after rifle. For this marked act of courage, Shaw was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor." In 1913 Shaw played a major role as a Philippine Scout Major at the Battle of Bud Bagsak on the island of Jolo, this time under Brigadier General John J. Pershing. Shaw retired from the Army as a Brigadier General and died at age 96 in 1960. Bottom - Moros killed during an ambush on the line of march. Although unidentified, the officer in the center appears to be 1st Lt. Shaw.

(Photos: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:44 AM

27th Infantry on the move around the lake

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Top - At rest during the expedition around the lake. Middle - throughout campaigning in the Philippines and Mindanao, a frequent cause of death among the troops was by drowning in the many streams, rivers, and waterways. Especially dangerous were the frequent violent rainstorms and squalls that could dramatically raise water levels and produce strong currents in a matter of several minutes. Mucky bottoms created unsure footing and one always had to be on the lookout for crocodiles, poisonous snakes, and pythons. Bottom - Infantry carefully moving through the high cogon grasses and scrub brush near the lake.

(Photos: Pershing Collection: Library of Congress)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:47 AM

Center Stage (http://morolandhistory.com/Photo%20Galleries/Chapter%209/Bacolod%20Booklet/9-B-1.%20cover.htm)

Booklet: Photographs of the Battle of Bacolod

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Probably the largest pavilion at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair was that of the Philippine Islands, sponsored by the Bureau of Insular Affairs of the War Department. It showcased the "jewel in the crown" of the new American Empire. Complete full-scale replicas were made of villages of many of the various Philippine ethnic groups, including a "Moro Village". Several hundreds of Filipinos were brought to the U.S. for periods of six up to twelve months to construct and then "staff", i.e.: be the villagers in the displays. Native flora, fauna and large amounts of handicrafts and goods were brought as well. Masterminded by Secretary of War and former Governor General of the Philippines William Howard Taft, little expense was spared. One of the most popular souvenirs sold at the Fair was a booklet of twelve bound photographs taken by amateur photographer George D. Rice, the Chaplain of the 27th Infantry Regiment during the assault on the cotta of the Sultan of Bacolod on April 6, 1903. In 2007 dollars, the sales price of the booklet was equal to $25.00, with the proceeds "used to purchase library books, etc. for the 27th Infantry." This booklet would generally then become what we call today a "coffee table book" for display in a residence's parlor room. It became widely seen and discussed, adding luster to the new fame of Capt. John J. Pershing.

(Photo: Library of Congress)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:51 AM

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tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:51 AM

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tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:52 AM

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tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:54 AM

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tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:55 AM

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tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:56 AM

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tonight

January 28th, 2009, 09:58 AM

Booklet: Back Cover and Poster

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As can be seen, Chaplain Rice turned a number of his other photographs of Pershing's Lake Lanao expeditions into booklets for his fund-raising endeavors. A number of these photographs were blown up to large sizes and backed for displays. Twenty-seven of these blow-ups are located at the National Anthropological Archives of the Smithsonian Museum, as a part of the George G. Shaw Collection (Lt. Shaw won the Congressional Medal of Honor during the campaign). Details are available at http://www.nmnh.si.edu/naa/guide/_s2.htm. The poster was for just such a viewing at Camp Columbia in Cuba in 1906.

(Photo: Library of Congress)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:00 AM

Map Gallery (http://morolandhistory.com/Map%20Gallery/map%201.htm)

Moroland and the Philippine Islands in 1900

http://morolandhistory.com/Map%20Gallery/Phil%20Map%202%20copy.jpg

Blue = Moro Settlements

Red = Christian-Visayan Settlements

White = Pagan Tribes & Wilderness

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:01 AM

Mindanao - Distribution of the Races

http://morolandhistory.com/Map%20Gallery/Fr%20IMG_0338.jpg

Appendix to the Annual Report of the War Department 1900, V. 1, Pt. 6

by Brigadier General William A. Kobbe

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:03 AM

Map of the Sulu Archipelago from circa 1916

http://morolandhistory.com/Map%20Gallery/Sulu%20Map%20early%201920's%20-%20CL.jpg

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:05 AM

Map of Lake Lanao and the Military Road

http://morolandhistory.com/Map%20Gallery/Lake%20Lanao%20Bullard%20map.jpg

Prepared by Major Robert Lee Bullard in 1903 to document his building of the Agus River road.

Papers of Robert Lee Bullard, Library of Congress

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:07 AM

Bud Dajo from a 1922 aerial photograph and a 1906 sketch made by 1st Lt. Arthur Poillon, 14th Cavalry

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http://morolandhistory.com/Map%20Gallery/Bud%20Dajo%20Sketch%20for%20web%20use.jpg

"They will probably have to be exterminated." - The deaths of Usap, Utig, Pala, and a number of other lesser headmen in the battles that took place on Jolo between January and May had left a number of their followers leaderless and without homes. Many had their meager houses and possessions put to the torch by the 3rd Sulu Expedition, and some of the datus more friendly to the Americans opportunistically appropriated some of the now vacant land. A small number of these people retreated for safety to the top of an uninhabited, dormant volcano only six miles southeast of the town of Jolo, known as Bud Dajo (bud meaning mountain, dajo a species of tree). The Spanish pronunciation for the mountain was Da-ho — today it is spelled as Bud Dahu). "Bud Dajo" was inactive but not extinct, having last erupted in 1897. The mountain is 2,175 feet (663 meters) above sea level and 1,443 feet (440 meters) above its surrounding plain. The crater, approximately 1,500 yards (1,370 meters) in circumference and 300–400 feet deep, made an excellent refuge, with rich soil and freshwater springs. The sides of the mountain are exceptionally steep, approaching 60 degrees incline and ending in a knife-edged crater rim with three distinct summits.

In 1905, the entire mountain was thickly covered with trees and jungle foliage. It was often shrouded in clouds. Access was difficult, with only three narrow trails leading to each of the three summits. All three trails led along hogback ridges, exposed near the top and with few switchbacks, making them exceptionally steep and quite defensible.

Both views are from the southeast, with the photograph approximately fifteen degrees more to the south (viewers left) than the sketch. Both have been colorized.

Photograph from Pershing Collection, Library of Congress; Sketch taken from an original blueprint located in National Archives.

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:12 AM

Two uniformed Moro soldiers in 1909

http://www.americanheritage.com/assets/images/articles/web/20060308-moro.jpg

qwert_guy

January 28th, 2009, 10:17 AM

^^murag mga dawinde...

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:22 AM

From a military barracks to a Medical Center

Amai Pakpak Medical Center (APMC) is located in Barangay Datu Saber, Marawi City, Province of Lanao del Sur, overlooking the panoramic view of Lake Lanao. It is approximately two hundred meters from the landmark of the reference point of all roads on Mindanao and thirty six (36) kilometers away from Iligan City. Orignally, the hospital building in 1903 during the American regime, along with five other military buildings sprawling on a 20-hectare land in what used to be called Camp Keithley that served as military barracks to the American Scouts.

It was in 1913 that this military barracks was converted and organized into a hospital by Captain James Ames, a US constabulary officer, who also became its first Chief of Hospital. What is today Amai Pakpak Medical Center was the Lanao Public Hospital which was popularly known to be a public hospital even after Lanao Province was divided in May 27, 1959 into two separate provinces of Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte. In the 1970’s, it was renamed Amai Pakpak General Hospital (APGH), obviously in honor of the late Amai Pakpak, whose real name was Akadir Akobar, a Maranao hero who ought against the Spaniards in the famous Battle of Marawi in 1895.

In 1984, under the Integration Program of the Department of Health, APGH was integrated into the Provincial Health Office of Lanao del Sur under the supervision of the Integrated Provincial Health Office (IPHO). Later in March 1995, Amai Pakpak General Hospital was renationalized and converted into a medical center, pursuant to Republic Act No. 7943 through a conversion bill sponsored by former Congressman Mamintal M. Adiong, which was duly approved by Congress and later signed into law by then President Fidel V. Ramos in 1995. thus, APGH became Amai Pakpak Medical Center. However, its implementation only took effect sometime in January 1999 with only 75 regular employees. Director Rogelio D. Chua of Regional Health Office XII was designated as Officer-in-Charge from February 1999 to October 1999.

Dr. Amer A. Saber, Chief of Hospital II succeeded Director Chua and still holds control of hospital administration.

1935
http://www2.doh.gov.ph/apmc/4%20publish/APMCpix.JPG

1950
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1995
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2005
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link (http://www2.doh.gov.ph/apmc/4%20publish/BRIEF%20HISTORY.htm)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:26 AM

^^murag mga dawinde...

:lol:

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:46 AM

Slashing and Chopping Blades: Kampilan and Talibong

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1. Straight-edged steel kampilan, captured by the expedition under Capt. J. J. Pershing, 1903. Moro, Lake Lanao, Mindanao.

2. Curved and spiked steel talibong. Bagobo, Mindanao.

3. Curved and spiked talibong (grass cutter). Moro, Lake Lanao, northern Mindanao.

4. Kampilan blade with arabesque (floriated) etching on blade surfaces. Moro, Lake Lanao region, northern Mindanao.

Basketry Bolo Cases and Knife Sheaths

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1. Basketry parang and bolo scabbard. Rattan splints woven in hexagonal openwork at sides; framework of rattan. Basilan Island, Sulu Archipelago.

2. Combined knife sheath and reticule. Made from multiple folds of bast fiber; suspension cord of abaca. Batak, Palawan Island.

3. Bamboo bolo case. Cylindrical joint of bamboo with one end plugged with a split wooden disk; bound with braided rattan. Batak, Palawan Island,

4. Basketry bolo case made of woven rattan with wood base; suspension cord with belt attachment. Basilan Island.

Two-handed Chopping and Cutting Parangs

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1. Heavy steel beheading blade "tabas." Curved and truncated like a scimitar; long curved double-handle grip wrapped with braided rattan and inlaid with lime. Moro, Malabang, Mindanao.

2. Heavy chopping blade "talibong," double sigmoid curve. Two-handed carved wooden handle hooped with brass bands. Moro, Mindanao.

3. Headsman's ax "talibong." Moro, western Mindanao.

4. Beheading sword and chopping blade "talibong." Heavy double-edged curved blade. Moro, Mindanao.

5. Heavy two-edged blade with sigmoid curve. Hexagonal wooden handle curved and wound with rattan splints. Moro, Mindanao.

6. Broad backed, deeply concave blade "pirah." Convexly curved cutting edge and long point. Elbow at base of blade near guard piece similar to the parang-latok of the Dyaks of Borneo; figured wood handle provided with symbolic recurved horns and median spike. Southern and Visayan Islands.

The barong: Specialized Ornamental Parang Types

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1. Lanceolate shape broad-backed steel blade of exceptional excellence; hardwood handle grip sheathed with silver; pommel fashioned of dugong ivory in ornamental pattern of scrolls and fretwork; characteristic flat-surfaced hardwood scabbard. Moro, Mindanao.

2. Lanceolate broad-backed blade; handle shod with ferruled silver bands and silver-braided wire; scrolled hardwood pommel. Presented to President Theodore Roosevelt by the Samal Moro, Basilan Island.

The Bolo: Combination Piercing and Chopping Weapons; Agricultural Knives and Jungle Tools

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1. Curved blade of steel with flattened surface on inner side and median ridge on beveled outer surface; octagonal hardwood handle. Tagalog, central Luzon.

2. Bolo with steel blade point broken off. Handle consists of elaborately carved carabao horn. Luzon.

3. Broad-backed steel blade provided with convex cutting edge; handle completely shod with figured brass. Bagobo, southern Mindanao.

4. Bolo having chased iron blade inlaid with soft metal; beautifully carved carabao-horn handle. Cebu, Visayan Islands.

5. Boy's barong; small elliptic steel blade; carved hardwood handle ferruled with silver bands and braided silver cord. Taken in 1913 at Mount Talipao, Mindanao.

6. Steel blade, "pirah" acutely pointed and convexly curved; provided with sharp downward curve near handle similar to the Malayan parang-latok; hardwood handle equipped with symbolic recurved horns and spike. Cebu, Visayan Islands.

7. Concavo-convex grooved steel blade; brass-shod handle and guard spike. Bagobo, southern Mindanao.

8. Kampilan-bolo type; chain ornament on hardwood pommel. Bagobo, southeastern Mindanao.

9. Grotesque totemic or wyang carving on wood handle; circular guard of wood; old type of Malay weapon. Panay, Visayan Islands.

10. Pirah. Cutting edge of blade has sweeping convex curve; heavy, concave blade back; truncated slope at point; handle fashioned of carabao horn and provided with long extension arm support. Moro, Basilan Island.

Knives and Daggers for Cutting, Piercing, and Stabbing

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1. Dagger; triangular sectioned, curved, and pointed blade; single cutting edge; carved wood handle. Quinapundar, Samar Island.

2. Dagger "bala-rao"; hastate shape double-edged blade; handle provided with a peculiar finger-fitting grip consisting of extended tang and two horns; silver ferrule at center. Chief defense weapon of the Mandayan, southeastern Mindanao.

3. Woman's knife. Blade curved, designed for striking a slanting blow. Bagobo, southeastern Mindanao.

4. Plain dirk-dagger having curved blade, ferruled wooden handle, and circular guard. Moro, Mindanao.

5. Serpentine Malay dagger; grotesque dugong ivory carving on hilt. Collected by the United States exploring expedition, 1838-1842, under Admiral Wilkes.

6. Malay dagger; curved wooden pistol shape hilt; characteristic serpentine figure carving; straight-edged blade. Wilkes exploring expedition.

7. Serpentine kris-dagger; plain horn handle; engraved circular silver guard and ferrule. Moro, Mindanao.

8. Malay dagger; laminated blade; figured and carved handle of wood. Dyak, Pasir River, southeast Borneo.

9. Punal de kris; blade chased on surface section near handle; wood handle set in socketed brass ferrule. Moro, Mindanao.

10. Dagger; curved, double-edged blade; curved plain wood handle. Moro, Mindanao.

11. Dagger having saberlike blade; metal guard provided with volute tips; carved wood handle; blade chased and inlaid with soft metal at back. Moro, Jolo.

12. Dagger; serpentine blade; metal cross guard; spiral fluted grip of Camagon wood.

13. "Insurrecto" sword-dagger chased blade, pointed and double edged; cross guard; horn handle inlaid with shell mosaic; symbolically figured pommel.

Wavy and Straight-Edged Kris Swords. Moro, Mindanao, and Sulu Archipelago

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1. Old type of serpentine grooved blade provided with ornamental guard piece and sword breaker fastened with single stirrup; round wooden grip covered with bands of braided rattan. Moro, Mindanao.

2. Datto's kris, of recent production; blade inlaid with sinuous, dragonlike pattern in yellow metal; grip of wood. Lake Lanao, Moro, Mindanao.

3. Serpentine blade inlaid with figured patterns in yellow brass; improvised handle of wood. Moro, Mindanao.

4. Long, tapering serpentine blade; curved guard of silver; elaborately carved horn handle. Kris type showing Spanish influence.

5. Slightly sinuous steel blade; handle wrapped with braided waxed cord on grip section; carved pommel of sea cow ivory; plain old-style wood scabbard. Moro.

6. Straight-edged, slightly curved blade; handle covered with braided cord bands which also serve to fasten spiked stirrup extension for fastening guard and handle to blade. Moro.

7. Serpentine blade; hardwood handle overlaid with banded sheet silver and braided silver cord; crutch-shaped pommel of solid silver. Jolo Island.

8. Serpentine blade; grooved and inlaid with gold metal; single stirrup; wood handle banded with silver and wrapped with silver braid; carved cockatoo-shape ivory pommel. Admiral Wilkes exploring expedition, 1838 -1842.

9. Straight-edged blade, etched and inlaid with copper; wrapped plain flat wood handle.

10. Very old type of grooved flame-shaped blade; symbolically carved ivory figurine on pommel; three-sectioned wood scabbard. Collected by the expedition under Capt. J. J. Pershing, 1903. Lake Lanao, Mindanao.

Projectile weapons: Blowguns, Bows, Arrows and Darts, Quiver and Dart Case

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1. Palmwood bow; highly polished, grooved, concavo-convex self-bow. Negritos, Zambales Mountains, Island of Luzon.

2. Heavy palmwood self-bow; flat surfaces, slightly concave on inner side. Negritos, Negros, Visayan Island, P.I.

3. Palmwood bow wrapped with rattan. Bagobo, Mindanao.

4. Palmwood bow; cord of bamboo splint. Moro, Mindanao.

5. Bamboo blowgun: Surface decorated with burned spiral bands and rings; lining tube of reed, sight elevation. Batak, Island of Palawan, Philippine Archipelago.

6. Arrow case of bamboo provided with rattan basketry cap. Moro, western Mindanao.

7. Blowgun darts and dart case. Batak, Palawan Island.

Arrowheads of Palmwood and Bamboo

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1. Palmwood arrowhead and bamboo shaft. Moro, Mindanao.

2. Reed arrow with palmwood foreshaft. Moro, Mindanao.

3. Bamboo arrow with palmwood foreshaft; poisoned bamboo arrow point inserted in foreshaft. Bikol, Luzon.

4. Large arrow of bamboo with arrowhead of split bamboo, Bagobo, Mindanao.

5. Triagular shape arrowhead of bamboo, harpoon shaft. Negritos, Zambales Mouutains, Luzon.

6. Barbed, triangular bamboo arrowhead, harpoon shaft. Negritos, Zambales Mountains, Luzon Island.

7. Fish arrow with compound head of bamboo. Bagobo, Mindanao.

8. Three-pronged or trident compound arrow. Negritos. Zambales Mountains, Luzon.

Metallic Harpoon and Arrowheads with barbed, hastate, three-pointed, harpoon, and composite points. Shaftments

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1. Short, flat, lanceolate arrowhead,designed to make a large wound and to cause profuse bleeding. Negritos Zambales Mountains.

2. Long, triangular, iron arrow point, palmwood foreshaft, unfeathered cane shaft. Moro, western Mindanao.

3. Small, lanceolate shape iron arrowhead, long bamboo shaft; heavy palmwood foreshaft, bulbous at the base. Old Bikol arrow type.

4. Leaf-shape arrow point of sheet copper, bamboo shaft, foreshaft of wood fast set in shaft with resin. Moro.

5. Feathered bamboo shaft, large lanceolate shape arrow point. Negritos, Luzon.

6. Leaf-shape iron arrowhead of excellent workmanship socketed on hardwood shaft, no foreshaft. Moro, Jolo Archipelago.

7. Large feathered bamboo shaft, hastate shape iron arrow point. Negritos, Luzon.

8. Small triangular iron head, palmwood foreshaft, reed shaft. Moro, Mindanao.

9. Ferruled wooden shaft, long hastate shape barbed iron arrow point. Moro.

10. Long quadrangular barbed iron arrowhead. Negritos, Luzon.

11-13. Composite arrow shaftments; feathered shaft provided with lanyard and retrieving cord, barbed toggle harpoon type of arrow point. Designed for hunting pigs. Negritos.

link (http://www.warriorseskrima.com/historicphotos.htm)

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 10:53 AM

MAPS OF THE SULU ARCHIPELAGO AND MINDANAO

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/mindanao%20etc%20map.jpg
MAP OF THE PHILIPPINES ISLANDS WITH MINDANAO AND SULU

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/sulu%20map.gif
MAP OF THE SULU ARCHIPELAGO

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/maphils2.jpg
MAP OF MINDANAO, SULU AND PALAWAN

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 11:02 AM

FLAGS OF SULU BEFORE 1898 (http://search.msn.com/images/results.aspx?q=history+of+lanao&go=&form=QBIR#focal=a7e4b2d46771d51338a7dcd07fb9eb1b&furl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webalice.it%2Fpaopadd%2Fmaguindanao%2520fleet.jpg)

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo40777.jpg

FLAG OF THE SULU SULTANATE CAPTURED IN THE GUIMARAS ISLANDS.
Flag of the Sulu Sultanate captured by spanish troops in Guimaras islands, may-june 1861.
Note the central symbol, probably the gates of Mecca.
All the flags before 1899 are in the collections of the "Museo del Ejercito" of Madrid, Spain , the pictures are provided by Dr. Luis Sorando, curator of the vexillological Section of this Museum.

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo40786.jpg

"BANDERA JOLOANA" CAPTURED BY SPANISH IN THE ISLAND OF BALANGINGI, FORT OF SIPAC, FEB. 21, 1848
"Bandera de los piratas joloanos "captured by spanish in the Balangingi island, Fort of Sipac; the Iranun and Samal Balangingi flag do not have the Sultan symbols because they were under the role of the Sultanate but they were pirates or better corsairs.

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo40808.jpg

FLAG CAPTURED IN GUIMARAS ISLANDS
This flag was captured in the Guimaras islands in 1861, by spanish troops; once again we can find a representation of a fantastic animal , maybe symbol of a Panglima.

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo%2040735.jpg

FLAG CAPTURED IN 1861
This flag captured with some other flags in the Guimaras Islands in 1861 have the typical colors of the flags of the Sulu area: blue, red, yellow, black and white; the central motif seems to be another representation of the Mecca Door

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo40787.jpg

FLAG OF JOLO ISLAND

Flag of Jolo, captured in the Kota of Maybung by the soldiers of the King of Spain in april 16, 1887. the central figure is a fantastic creature.

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo%2043513.jpg

SAMBULAYAN

This sambulayan was taken by spanish in 1851 , it is very big; his measures are 12,36 m. X 5,36 m.
The color are the typical of Sulu: red, blue and white.

Source: http://www.webalice.it/paopadd

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 11:07 AM

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo%2040762.jpg

"SAMBULAYAN"CAPTURED IN THE ISLAND OF TAPUL BY THE SPANISH TROOPS, MAY.25.1887
On this "Sambulayan" we can see a human figure and other symbols who resembling" the tree of life".

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo%2040785.jpg

FLAG OF " PIRATAS JOLOANOS " CAPTURED IN THE ISLAND OF PATA BY THE SPANISH SOLDIERS IN SEPTEMBER 20- 1887
This flag has the typical structure of the flags of Sulu, the central motif is maybe a personal symbol of the Chief of the rebels

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo%2040780.jpg

FLAG CAPTURED BY SPANISH IN THE FORT OF THE SULTAN OF SULU, FEB. 28.1851

This flag is very interesting because is the flag or Standard of the Sultan of Sulu, on the central symbol there is a stylized animal, (maybe a "kalabaw " ) apparently in contrast with the islamic believe , where to represent animals or human figures is forbidden .

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/Flag%20of%20Sulu%20Sultanate%20(Large).jpg

FLAG OF THE SULTANATE

This flag, at present in a great spanish museum (Museo Naval de Madrid " ) is the flag of the Sultanate of Sulu, the symbol on its center is the stylized Mecca door with "okir or Ukil" motifs.

Source: http://www.webalice.it/paopadd

tonight

January 28th, 2009, 11:23 AM

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo%20407591111.jpg

FLAG OF THE "PIRATAS JOLOANOS"
Flag of the "piratas joloanos " captured in the Guimaras islands(Calabazas and Unisan) in may-july 1861 by spanish troops of the lieutenant of Navy, Don Vicente Carlos Roca.

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo%2040756.jpg

FLAG CAPTURED BY SPANISH TROOPS IN 1887

Flag captured bt spanish troops in april 16- 1887 in the kota of Maybung.
One of the motif on the flag is the "zul-fiqar" or" sword of Ali "

http://www.webalice.it/paopadd/jolo%2040758.jpg

"SAMBULAYAN" OF THE PIRATES IRANUN AND SAMAL BALANGINGI

"Sambulayan " of the pirates Iranun and Samal Balangingi captured in the island of Balangingi by spanish troops of Don Narciso Claveria General Captain of the Philippines and Count of Manila.Feb 21, 1848 .

Source: http://www.webalice.it/paopadd

GearX

January 29th, 2009, 04:35 AM

Saudi King’s commitment to help Mindanao secured (http://www.businessmirror.com.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5147:saudi-kings-commitment-to-help-mindanao-secured&catid=45:regions&Itemid=71)
Regions
Monday, 26 January 2009 21:39

http://www.businessmirror.com.ph/images/stories/Daily_Images/2009/January/01272009/regions-pic01.jpg

IN his unrelenting effort to bring peace and progress to Mindanao, the hotbed of Muslim secessionism in the Philippines, Speaker Prospero Nograles has secured the commitment of Saudi Arabia’s The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdullaziz al-Saud during his visit to the Majlis al-Shura in Riyadh from January 24 to 27.

Nograles, the first Mindanaoan Speaker, had the privilege of meeting with King Abdullah, who expressed keen interest to further strengthen Saudi’s commercial and investment relations with the Philippines, particularly in developing the agricultural and other economic potentials of the Southern Philippines.

Buoyed by the success of his meeting with King Abdullah, the Speaker expressed optimism that the Philippines will not only be able to provide the food requirements of the Kingdom through possible Saudi investments in Mindanao, but also stand as a strong partner in promoting intercultural and interreligious dialogue for peace and stability for the rest of the world.

Nograles lauded the initiatives of King Abdullah to stave off the negative effects of spiraling food prices and secure stable food supplies, especially rice, for the Saudi population and provide growth opportunities to the private business sector while taking a leading role in the global effort to address tightening food supply and unbridled inflation.

Nograles spoke of a possible creation of an economic zone of peace in Mindanao through a joint and complimentary effort of both sides as an effective and proven way to achieve lasting peace and progress in the region, while giving assurance that Saudi investments will be protected and highly regarded by all sectors, especially Filipino Muslims.

He also took note of the visit conducted by a Saudi technical team to the Philippines last November to study the prospects of having Saudi investments in the Philippine rice and corn industry as an initial step in forging a strategic partnership through expanded trade and investment for the mutual benefit of both countries.

Also, a memorandum of agreement on agricultural and Fisheries cooperation has been proposed to the Saudi Ministry of Agriculture in order to facilitate mutually beneficial investments in the agriculture and fisheries sector, including exchanges of technical expertise and research studies in many areas in agriculture and fisheries development.

The Speaker hoped that a meeting between concerned Saudi and Philippine officials will be held either in Manila or in Riyadh soon to finalize the details of proposed agroinvestment projects in the Philippines.

The Speaker thanked The Custodian of The Two Holy Mosques for his invaluable time and warm reception to the Speaker and his delegation, wishing the King good health and continued success in all his endeavors.

tonight

January 29th, 2009, 07:11 AM

Aerial view of PICOP showing the Pulp & Paper Mil

http://www.bislighistory.com/clients/22820/356906_sta.jpg

Courtesy of Gloria Catulay

paulkrps

January 29th, 2009, 02:05 PM

murag posting madness man ka tonight. hehehe. excellent finds again. never realized the variety of flags jolo had.

davaoeagle

January 29th, 2009, 08:22 PM

Home
C. Mindanao to get share of Saudi investment
01/23/2009 - 08:36Thursday, January 29, 2009
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Sunstar Davao

CENTRAL Mindanao will get their share of the multi-million dollar investment the Saudi Arabia government is planning to invest in Mindanao.

The investment will be for the 26,000-hectare agri-industrial plantation and food-processing hub.

In a statement, House Speaker Prospero Nograles said the Jeddah Chamber of Commerce, urged Saudi Arabian businessmen to consider investing in agri-industrial plantations and processing facilities in Central Mindanao in a bid to support the Kingdom's quest for long term food security.

Nograles cited the potentials of the 26,000-hectare contiguous agricultural land owned by the Southern Philippines Development Authority (SPDA) in Central Mindanao as a food production and agri-processing center that can be made exclusive to Saudi investors.

He said the proposal will serve not only the food security needs of Saudi Arabia but also act as a strong new impetus for sustainable peace and development in the island of Mindanao.

He added he has proposed to the Custodian of the Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdullazziz Al Saud and to the members of the Majlis Al Shoura, the Kingdom's legislative advisory council, the creation of a Saudi-Philippines Special Economic Zone as the possible focal point of Saudi agriculture investments in the Philippines and made exclusive to Saudi investors.

He envisioned that some 10,000 hectares could be converted into major plantations such as palm, bananas and rubber; another 10,000 will be devoted to crops such as rice and corn, cassava or pineapple; another 5,000 hectares can be used for growing cattle, goat, and poultry.

He added that the balance of 1,000 hectares could be earmarked for food processing, cold storage and packaging plants as well as community facilities for the workers and managers of the Special Zone.

A new delegation of Saudi businessmen will be coming to Manila on March 6 and that they are looking forward to opportunities for partnership with the Philippine counterparts.

Aside from Central Mindanao, several Saudi businessmen also visited Davao Oriental late last year scouting for land for their food security program. (BOT)

davaoeagle

January 29th, 2009, 08:23 PM

Home
Davao firms to produce banana fibers for Japan
01/23/2009 - 08:36Thursday, January 29, 2009
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By Joy Romares-Sevilla

THE Fiber Industry Development Authority (Fida) in Southern Mindanao said a group of banana companies in Davao Region will embark on the production of banana fiber to be shipped to foreign markets, particularly in Japan.

Dr. Olympio Macarayan, Fida Southern Mindanao regional director, said Thursday that the agency has already inked partnership with the Aztropex Inc. for the use of Fida 11's two machines for banana fiber production. Aztropex will be using Fida machines for a year.

Aztropex has banana plantations in Davao del Norte and Compostela Valley, Macarayan said.

Macarayan said that the agency will also assist Aztropex on how to extract fibers.

"Aztropex has partnered with some banana companies like Tadeco, Lapanday, and Stanfilco for the production of banana fibers to be marketed in Japan," he said.

He said that the owner of the Aztropex, Ameerah Rose Sira, introduced the idea of producing banana fibers to other banana companies, admitting it could not produce the necessary demand for banana fibers in Japan.

"According to her (Sira), Japan needs 27 metric tons of banana fibers per month and Aztropex could not meet the volume, so she opened the idea to other banana companies to produce the needed volume. This is actually not its main business. Of course, Aztropex is into banana export to Saudi Arabia. The production of banana fiber for Japan will only serve as the company's sideline," Macarayan said.

He said Fida-11 already conducted trainings on how to extract banana fiber among workers of Aztropex.

The production of the banana fiber, he said, will be done in Aztropex's plant in Sto. Tomas, Davao del Norte.

"The banana fibers to be exported to Japan will be used for fabrics," Macarayan said.

But Macarayan said he has no idea as to how much is the buying price of banana fibers for export, saying that the price was fixed between the supplier and the buyer

davaoeagle

January 29th, 2009, 08:24 PM

Davao ranks 4th in number of issued building permits
01/23/2009 - 08:36Thursday, January 29, 2009
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Sunstar Davao

DAVAO Region ranked fourth among regions issuing the highest number of building permits during the third quarter of 2008.

According to the Private Building Construction Statistics issued by the National Statistics Office on January 28, Southern Mindanao issued a total of 2,047 building permits or 8.95 percent of the total 22,817 issued nationwide.

Topping the ranks is Calabarzon (Region IV-A) with 6,805 applications or 29.8 percent. This was followed by the National Capital Region (NCR) with 3,706 applications or 16.2 percent and Region 3 with 2,827 or 12.30 percent.

The approved building permit applications increased by 6.1 percent during the 3rd quarter of 2008 compared with 21,513 applications received during the same period of 2007.

Residential building construction increased by 12.2 percent to 16,997 from 15,145 approved building permits during the same quarter of 2007. Non-residential constructions, likewise, increased by 4.8 percent to 2,660 from 2,539 recorded during the same quarter of 2007.

Four provinces that registered approved building permits exceeding more than a thousand marks were: Bulacan (1,235), Cavite (2,483), Laguna (2,387), and Davao del Sur (1,108). (GLP)

jsl_bxu1206

January 29th, 2009, 09:55 PM

Envoys: No development without Mindanao
By Veronica Uy
INQUIRER.net
First Posted 17:31:00 01/29/2009

MANILA, Philippines -- The ambassadors of the United States and the European Union, and the Australian embassy's deputy head of mission, called on Thursday for the resumption of peace talks in Mindanao, saying that there could not be any development for the Philippines unless the southern island does so, too.

"Until frankly Mindanao recognizes and realizes its great potential, the entire Philippines cannot realize its potential,” US Ambassador Kristie Kenney told the Second National Summit of the Ulama (Islamic scholars) in the Philippines.

“When a third of your nation is not able to recognize the aspirations, the dreams, and the economic potential of its people, then a third of your people is not moving forward," she said.

Kenney said the Philippines "can be unstoppable" if it is able to end the conflict in Mindanao and harness the full potential of the southern island and its people.

EU Ambassador to the Philippines Alistair MacDonald warned that "it would be suicidal to continue the civil war [in Mindanao]. It's fratricidal.”

“The best way to put an end to this cycle of violence is to offer everyone, victor and vanquished, a better future, a more prosperous future…But the importance of peace, the importance of development is exactly the same as it was in Europe in the 1950s,” he said. “The children of Mindanao deserve no less.”

This is why, he said, the EU has given more than 13 million euros in food and non-food aid to Mindanao since hostilities between government forces and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) resumed in August last year.

Stephen Scott, minister and deputy head of mission of the Australian embassy in Mainla, called for the reactivation of the International Monitoring Team.

Scott said further delaying the resumption of talks with the MILF might harden the positions of the rebels and the government, "undermining the work" already accomplished before fighting erupted again.

A ceasefire agreement between the MILF and the government forces had been holding despite scattered skirmishes.

However, fighting resumed when MILF forces attacked civilian communities in central Mindanao after the Supreme Court stopped the signing of the Memorandum of Agreement on the Ancestral Domain, which the tribunal eventually declared unconstitutional.

The renewed fighting displaced hundreds of thousands of people, many of them still in evacuation centers.

jsl_bxu1206

January 29th, 2009, 11:13 PM

Guys, kabalo mo if available ni sa local market? I wanna get a copy of this.

http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3506/3236715991_07c42e1f2c.jpg?v=0

http://www.lulu.com/content/5203715

tonight

January 30th, 2009, 06:16 AM

murag posting madness man ka tonight. hehehe. excellent finds again. never realized the variety of flags jolo had.

^^
daghan pa man flag sa jolo after 1898 pero wala nako gi-post kay dako ang size :D

tonight

January 30th, 2009, 10:13 AM

Nat'l Grid Corporation to replace bombed steel tower in Lanao Norte

The National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP), the private consortium that assumed the operation of the National Transmission Corporation (Transco) on January 15, 2009, will return the wires of the Abaga-Agus 5-Aurora 138 kilovolt line from the Emergency Restoration System (ERS) tower to the newly-erected steel tower that permanently replaces structure no. 22 in Tingin-Tingin village in the town of Kauswagan, Lanao del Norte Province, which was bombed and toppled last January 10.

Emmanuel D. Abellanosa, Officer-in-Charge, Mindanao Operations and Maintenance of NGCP, underscores the work will be done on Sunday, February 1, 2009 by Lanao area linemen based in Iligan City. The line will be shutdown from 8:00 in the morning to 5:00 in the afternoon.

Abellanosa said the temporary shutdown of the 138 kv line will cut off power supply to Zamboanga Peninsula, including Misamis Occidental and part of Lanao del Norte provinces.

The Western Mindanao Power Corporation's (WMPC) 100 megawatt land-based diesel power plant will supply power to the affected areas through an island-mode scheme while the main supply route is unavailable.

The supply from the WMPC plant will be shared among all provinces and cities to be affected by the temporary line shutdown, but on curtailed levels in as much as the plant's capacity is not adequate for the full load requirements of the Peninsula.

This will mean rotating brownouts resulting from feeder shutdowns to be planned and implemented by electric cooperatives.

He said further, during the curtailment period, NGCP and the electric cooperatives will work closely to maintain the "island-mode" balance to prevent tripping of the WMPC plant.

All measures will be undertaken by both NGCP and the electric cooperatives to ensure the smooth implementation of the back-up scheme, added Abellanosa.

The ERS tower installed last January 17 was a temporary structure only to restore connection of the Zamboanga Peninsula to the Mindanao power grid and enable normal uninterrupted power delivery to the Peninsula.

A permanent steel tower which is needed for more line reliability has been erected and is now ready for the transfer of the wires, Abellanosa concluded.

PIA (http://www.pia.gov.ph/?m=12&r=r10&y=&mo=&fi=p090129.htm&no=57)

Govinda

January 30th, 2009, 12:17 PM

No Retrenchment, Plant Closure at Holcim - Davao

There's no retrenchment of workers or plant closure in Davao City similar to the company's move in its Lugait plant in Misamis Oriental.

This according to the top executive of the Department of Labour and Employment in Southern Mindanao based on a monitoring conducted by the agency on Wednesday.

Earlier it was reported in a national paper that Holcim's Lugait plant was shut down but Holcim insisted it was not because of the global financial crisis but because of lesser demand of cement in the local market.

Source:
Sun-Star Davao
Business, FRI 30 January 2009
by Joy Romares-Sevilla

Alingatong

January 30th, 2009, 02:02 PM

Holcim spares RP after cutting 3,300 jobs worldwide
By Elaine R. Alanguilan

Holcim Philippines Inc. has committed to preserve jobs and resume the operations of its Lugait cement plant in Mindanao once domestic demand improves.

Holcim Philippines chief operating officer Ian Thackwray issued the statement following an announcement from its parent company that it would cut some 3,300 jobs, mostly in the United States, amid the global credit crunch.

The Swiss-based cement manufacturer said in its Web site that “cash flow is the focus” and that “cost management and timely capacity adjustments are paramount” in the coming months.

Holcim said it planned to shut 67 plants in the US, resulting in 2,000 job cuts; 24 units in Spain and 450 jobs; and 20 site closures and 600 jobs in Britain. It added that some 280 workers would lose their jobs in Thailand.

Holcim in the Philippines has stopped operations in one production line in its Lugait in Misamis Oriental.

“It is not a plant shutdown, but an economic shutdown of only one production line in Holcim-Lugait plant and that there were no job losses as a result. The Lugait plant has annual production capacity of 884,000 metric tons, or 12.4 percent of the total operating capacity,” said Thackwray in a statement.

“Our commitment, as a company, is, whenever possible, we’re going to preserve employment. We recognize the effect that retrenchment has on employees, their families and their communities and will always resist doing this. None of the people in Lugait line lost their jobs,” said Thackwray.

He said over a hundred employees were redeployed because of the shutdown in Lugait’s line 1 but none were retrenched.

He said the Lugait facility continues to operate and that the economic shutdown of the line 1 was implemented beginning July 2008 due to low domestic demand and was likely to continue throughout this year.

He said one of the two kilns in Lugait had been shut down since July because of the fall in domestic demand, or prior the financial crisis.

manilastandardtoday (http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=business2_jan17_2009)

----------------------------------

Aside from Holcim, the Cagayan-Iligan corridor also hosts two other cement plants, namely: those of Iligan Cement Corp. and of Mindanao Portland Cement Corp.

Govinda

February 2nd, 2009, 08:14 AM

BIR Opens New Mindanao IT Training Center in Tagum City

In pursuit of the government's continuing quest for fiscal stability, the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) inaugurated its Mindanao Information Technology Training Center in Mankilam, Tagum City last January 26.

Designed to host future trainings in computerizing tax administration in the five revenue regions of Mindanao, the new IT training facility was launched under the Nationwide Rollout of Computerized Systems (NCRS) Project, through the support of the Millenium Challenge Account-Phillipine Threshold Program Technical Assistance Project (MCA-PTPTAP) which is being administered by the Millenium Challenge Corporation (MCC) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).

Source:
Edge Davao
The Business Weekly
Issue week Feb 2 to Feb 8

tonight

February 3rd, 2009, 03:42 PM

10 MILF rebels give up (http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/regions/view/20090203-187206/10-MILF-rebels-give-up)

‘Broken promises’ prompted surrender--military

By Katherine Evangelista
INQUIRER.net
First Posted 17:48:00 02/03/2009

Filed Under: The Southern Campaign, Armed conflict

MANILA, Philippines -- Ten fighters of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) have surrendered in Lanao del Norte, partly over unfulfilled promises by their commander, the military said Tuesday.

Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) spokesman Lieutenant Colonel Ernesto Torres, Jr. said the 10 surrendered rebels claimed the failure of MILF 102nd Base Commander Abdullah Macapaar, alias Bravo, to pay his men a monthly allowance of P30,000 each was among the reasons they turned themselves in.

Colonel Benito De Leon, commander of the Army’s 104th Brigade, said one of the surrender rebels is a former sub-commander of Macapaar.

The rebels surrendered at around 3 p.m. Monday to the 43rd Infantry Battalion commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Juvymax Uy in the hinterlands of Lanao del Norte, Torres said.

They also turned over a grenade launcher, two B40 anti-tank rockets, an M16 rifle, eight M1 Garand rifles and ammunition.

“They claim that there is no future for the fight that [Macapaar] and the other lawless MILF groups [are] waging against the government,” Torres said.

The military refers to MILF units accused of attacking civilian communities in central Mindanao last August, and which are the target of continuing operations, as “lawless.”

De Leon said the rebels who surrendered have volunteered to pinpoint the hideouts of Macapaar.

dinabaw

February 4th, 2009, 05:22 AM

PIA Press Release
2009/02/04

BIR opens new Mindanao IT training center in Tagum City

By Noel Baguio

Davao City (4 February) -- In pursuit of the government's continuing quest for fiscal stability, the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) has inaugurated its Mindanao Information Technology Training Center in Mankilam, Tagum City last January 26, 2008.

Designed to host future trainings in computerizing tax administration in the five revenue regions of Mindanao, the new IT training facility was launched under the Nationwide Rollout of Computerized Systems (NCRS) Project, through the support of the Millennium Challenge Account-Philippine Threshold Program Technical Assistance Project (MCA-PTP TAP), which is being administered by the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).

The center is specifically aims to serve as a venue for various human resource development initiatives of the BIR towards improving revenue administration, providing better service to taxpayers and deterring tax evasion.

The fully-airconditioned facility is equipped with 41 desktop computers that are interconnected using wireless local area network, tables and chairs, an LCD projector, photocopier, and a complete sound system.

Atty. Phyllis Cox, Chief Party of the MCA-PTP-TAP said the assistance intends to fight corruption and to try to increase revenue collections to enable the government to allot more funds for education, for health and other social services.

"The MCA is designed to work with governments of other countries which are trying to strengthen their efforts to rule more justly, to govern better, to serve their people more and to build their economic foundation," she said, stressing that training of BIR personnel is crucial in improving tax collections.

BIR Commissioner Sixto S. Esquivas IV was represented by Deputy Commissioner of Internal Revenue Lilia Guillermo during the facility's launching ceremony.

In his message Commissioner Esquivas emphasized the very challenging endeavors involving the integrated tax system (ITS) and the bureau's flagship anti-corruption effort, which is the run after tax evaders (RATE) program.

He also asked the BIR officials and personnel to make sure the trainings and seminars held at the facility shall be carefully crafted and developed to ensure the greatest possible level of learning for the participants.

The best way to show gratitude to the funding agencies, he said, is to employ the knowledge "we have gained in the training programs conducted in the facility for the sustained improvement of our services to the people, our implementation of the country's tax laws and our observance of the ideals of taxation".

Revenue Executive Assistant Nora Tembrevilla said the opening of the center means a lot of savings in transportation, time and effort for the BIR personnel of Mindanao as they no longer need to go to Manila or Cebu for their training needs.

During the inauguration ceremony, the BIR also recognized Governor Rodolfo Del Rosario for his outstanding contribution to the realization of the BIR's vision for a professionally-competent workforce. The governor was instrumental to the construction of the BIR Annex building that now houses the new IT training facility.

Del Rosario said he facilitated the construction of the annex building in order to convince the BIR leadership to put the important facility in Tagum City. He hailed the center as important to the continuous transformation in the capability of BIR employees, particularly in pursuit of the national government's goal of increasing revenue collection.

Regional Revenue 19 Director Nestor Valeroso cited Tagum City as the best site for the training center owing to its strategic location, such as proximity to the Davao International Airport, its accessibility from the Central, Southern and Northern Mindanao areas and soon from the Western and Eastern Mindanao areas with the construction of the Talaingod – Bukidnon Road. (CIO-PIA XI) [top]

PIA News (http://www.pia.gov.ph/?m=12&fi=p090204.htm&no=05&r=ALL&y=&mo=)

tonight

February 4th, 2009, 02:23 PM

Advocates see bright prospects for resumption of peace talks (http://www.mb.com.ph/PROV20090204147282.html)

By ALI G. MACABALANG

MARAWI CITY — Peace advocates expects to see brighter prospects in the clamor for a resumption of the stalled peace talks in Mindanao following the positive pronouncements of national and foreign dignitaries in the search for peaceful solutions to the decades-old Moro rebellion in Southern Philippines.

"The clouds of doubt are getting clear and the agony of waiting is turning lighter now," Lanao del Sur Gov. Mamintal Alonto-Adiong Jr. told the Manila Bulletin by phone, referring to the relevant events unfolding lately in various parts of the country and abroad.

Adiong, alongside leading peace advocates from civic, religious, sultanate and human rights organizations, has hosted a series of meetings for the last five months in persistent efforts to orchestrate the reopening of the peace talks between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines (GRP) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF).

He also lauded the recent call of Filipino ulama (Muslim scholars) on United States (US) President Barack Hussien Obama to support six pressing Muslim concerns, particularly the Bangsamoro people’s right to self-determination in Mindanao.

The Muslim clerics, during the Second National Summit of the Ulama last week in Manila, wrote an open letter to the "first American President with personal ties with the Islamic world, Asia, and Africa," which they sent through US Ambassador to the Philippines Kristie Kenney.

Kenny, who politely received the letter, told newsmen that, "I think it’s terrific and very typical of US-Philippine relations that Filipino Muslims immediately accepted the hand of friendship and look to how we can work together."

The letter contains six requests to President Obama, four of which are related to the conflict in Mindanao.

Foremost of these is for the US President to "support the legitimate and inherent right of the Bangsamoro people to self-determination."

The ulama also asked the US President to recognize the right of the Palestinian people to a state of their own to address the roots of conflict in the Middle East.

At the ulama gathering, Kenny, European Union Ambassador Alistair MacDonald, and Australian embassy’s deputy head of mission Stephen Scott batted for the resumption of peace talks in Mindanao, saying that there could not be any development for the Philippines unless the southern island does so, too.

eflex

February 5th, 2009, 05:14 AM