Science and technology in Iran

[QWECXZ]

Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī[4] (c. 780, Khwārizm[2][5][6] – c. 850) was a Persian[1][2][3] mathematician, astronomer and geographer, a scholar in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad.
In the twelfth century, Latin translations of his work on the Indian numerals, introduced the decimal positional number system to the Western world.[6] His Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing presented the first systematic solution of linear and quadratic equations in Arabic. In Renaissance Europe he was considered the original inventor of algebra, although we now know that his work is based on older Indian or Greek sources.[7] He revised Ptolemy's Geography and wrote on astronomy and astrology.
Some words reflect the importance of al-Khwarizmi's contributions to mathematics. "Algebra" is derived from al-jabr, one of the two operations he used to solve quadratic equations. Algorism and algorithm stem from Algoritmi, the Latin form of his name.[8] His name is also the origin of (Spanish) guarismo[9] and of (Portuguese) algarismo, both meaning digit.


Al-Khwārizmī's contributions to mathematics, geography, astronomy, and cartography established the basis for innovation in algebra and trigonometry. His systematic approach to solving linear and quadratic equations led to algebra, a word derived from the title of his 830 book on the subject, "The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing" (al-Kitab al-mukhtasar fi hisab al-jabr wa'l-muqabalaالكتاب المختصر في حساب الجبر والمقابلة).
On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals written about 825, was principally responsible for spreading the Indian system of numeration throughout the Middle East and Europe. It was translated into Latin as Algoritmi de numero Indorum. Al-Khwārizmī, rendered as (Latin) Algoritmi, led to the term "algorithm".
Some of his work was based on Persian and Babylonian astronomy, Indian numbers, and Greek mathematics.
Al-Khwārizmī systematized and corrected Ptolemy's data for Africa and the Middle east. Another major book was Kitab surat al-ard ("The Image of the Earth"; translated as Geography), presenting the coordinates of places based on those in the Geography of Ptolemy but with improved values for the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, and Africa.
He also wrote on mechanical devices like the astrolabe and sundial.
He assisted a project to determine the circumference of the Earth and in making a world map for al-Ma'mun, the caliph, overseeing 70 geographers.[14]
When, in the 12th century, his works spread to Europe through Latin translations, it had a profound impact on the advance of mathematics in Europe. He introduced Arabic numerals into the Latin West, based on a place-value decimal system developed from Indian sources.[15]


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharazmi

[SoroushPersepolisi]

withouth people like quaresmi, razi, avicena, biruni and ..... (hundreds more), our world, nor east or west would have improved so much, from alcohol ro numerals to algebra and medicine

these are the things that make me proud

prophet mohammad even said "if science , wisdom and knowledge were suspended in the highest parts of heaven, the Persians would attain it"

[The Texas Ranger]

The pedophile muhamed was a goat-molester who raped 9 year old girls (probably boys too). Being praised by him is nothing to be proud of.

[QWECXZ]

Originally Posted by The Texas Ranger

The pedophile muhamed was a goat-molester who raped 9 year old girls (probably boys too). Being praised by him is nothing to be proud of.

Well, by today's standards Yes He was a pedophile but he lived +1400 years in Arabia. and he didn't rape her (Ayisha), he married her. that only makes him a pedophile (by our today's standards), but he didn't rape her.
Anyway, I don't believe in God or ideas like that but please be respectful to persons and things that others believe in them. as I said before I don't want this thread to go off topic so please don't say something that flames a war (don't forget that the Iranian section is visited by Muslims coming from other countries as well and they may find such comments insulting to them, so be respectful please).

[The Texas Ranger]

Being over 50 and having sex with a 9 year old girl = rape. I have no respect for child molesters and their worshipers, but I won't mention it again, so that a "flame war" doesn't arise.

[QWECXZ]

Originally Posted by The Texas Ranger

Being over 50 and having sex with a 9 year old girl = rape. I have no respect for child molesters and their worshipers, but I won't mention it again, so that a "flame war" doesn't arise.

That's so nice of you. thanks for understanding.

[The Texas Ranger]

To get back on topic, what do you guys think about the Iranian solar-powered car?

[QWECXZ]

Which one? There are many Iranian solar powered cars. you mean the ones that are produced by Iranian universities for research or which one?

[The Texas Ranger]

Originally Posted by QWECXZ

Which one? There are many Iranian solar powered cars. you mean the ones that are produced by Iranian universities for research or which one?

Yes, I read about a month ago that students at an Iranian university made a solar-powered car.

[FreddyB]

my opinion in general is that Iranians have a lot of potential if they are supported.When I was in high school,one of the students in high school had made a solar-powered car.ofc his father was really rich and he used economical and scientific support

[The Texas Ranger]

I think it would be very cool if Iran used renewable resources to run everything, while making giant money selling oil and gas to other countries.

[QWECXZ]

Originally Posted by The Texas Ranger

Yes, I read about a month ago that students at an Iranian university made a solar-powered car.

then I guess that you mean this one:

Iranian students from the vehicular research department at the University of Qazvin have designed an entirely solar-powered vehicle named “Havin.”


Havin, or shining sun, is five meters long and two meters wide and is capable of reaching speeds of over 130 kilometers (80 miles) per hour, according to ISNA.

The students unveiled the fiber glass vehicle at the Tehran Permanent International Fairground on Thursday.

The vehicle weighs 160 kilograms (352 lb.) and is fitted with six square meters of silicon solar cells.

The environmentally-friendly project comes in line with Iran's greater policy to reduce energy consumption across all sectors.

In October last year, a hybrid car also designed and built by Iranian students ranked third in the 2010 Formula Electric and Hybrid Italy (EHI) held in the city of Turin.

The automobile has a composite body, weights 600 kilograms and can travel up to 90 kilometers an hour. It is nearly noiseless and emission-free.

[SoroushPersepolisi]

international medical utilities show in tehran
one of the biggest in the world
pics http://www.jamejamonline.ir/pics.asp...m=100843678625

[ardeshir8]

I bet these Yanks get crazy when they see that.

Press TV-Iran Today-Irans space technology program-02-05-2010(Part1)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPKzGVGUVPw

Press TV-Iran Today-Irans space technology program-02-05-2010(Part2)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ac8JP...eature=related

Press TV-Iran Today-Irans space technology program-02-05-2010(Part3)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2FF0...eature=related

[ardeshir8]

VIDEO:

Iran hails new medical achievements

Iran has unveiled a domestically designed high-tech pharmaceutical machine and nine new drugs on the sidelines of an international health exhibition in Tehran.


The 14th Iran Health Exhibition in Tehran, which opened on Monday, saw a glass-lined reactor designed and manufactured after 12 years of research by Iranian experts.

The machine is capable of producing active pharmaceutical compounds, which are the main ingredients of medicines.

Most active pharmaceutical compounds contain acids and therefore anti-corrosive environments are required in order to produce most drugs," Project Manager Faramarz Ekhteraei told Press TV.

"With the technology that we have used, the steel container is lines with three-millimeter-thick glass," explained Ekhteraei, who heads Iran's Chemical and Pharmaceutical Raw Material Syndicate.

Iranian Health Minister Marzieh Vahid-Dastjerdi took pride in the reactor as a great achievement for Iran.

"There are only five countries that are capable of manufacturing these reactors. We are proud that Iran is among them," she said.

"There are only five countries in the world capable of manufacturing such reactors. We are proud that Iran is among them and I have to add that with the high standards and latest technology employed in this machine, we can look forward to making high-quality drugs in the country," Vahid-Dastjerdi said.

Along with the glass-lined reactor, the four-day exhibition also showed off nine new domestically produced asthma and cancer medicines.

"The medicines include drugs meant for curing infertility, cancer, MS (multiple sclerosis), asthma and pulmonary diseases," the Iranian health minister said.

"Five of these drugs were produced by one company and four others by three other domestic firms...Their final price is 60 to 70 percent lower than their foreign counterparts," Mehr news agency quoted her as saying.

The medicines in question also include three inhalers which are made based on the most common asthma treatments and are expected to save the country 20 million dollars in pharmaceutical imports, said Ali Montaseri, the Managing Director of Jaber Ebne Hayyan pharmaceutical company.

Another product on display is nasal drops, also expected to save 10 million dollars for the country, Montaseri added.

Iran's osseointegrated titanium implants, incusing skull and face implants, were among the latest medical developments in the Tehran exhibit.


HN/HGH/MB/MRS/MGH

http://www.presstv.com/detail/180610.html

[ardeshir8]

Iran to unveil local nanomedicine for liver, lung cancer

ISNA - Tehran
Service: Science

TEHRAN (ISNA)-Iran is to unveil the first indigenous nanomedicine by next month to cure liver and lung cancers.

An official in charge of Iranian institution for expansion of nanotechnology, highlighted advantages of the nanomedicine and said, "chemical therapy's side effects spread through the whole body and cause hair loss which makes doctors stop medication or lessen amount of the medicines in patients, since high dose will poison patients. The nanomedicine can be placed only in the location of cancer tumors which increases effects of the drug and lessens side effects considerably."

"The new product has passed Drug Master File (DMF) process in Health Ministry and is awaiting confirmation from final committee of the ministry," Saeed Sarkar told ISNA.

End Item

http://www.isna.ir/ISNA/NewsView.asp...1771381&Lang=E

[ardeshir8]

Iran to send two satellites into space

A senior Iranian aerospace official has said the country will soon launch two satellites to take high resolution wall maps and aerial photos of locations around the globe as seen from space.

Head of Aerospace Industries of Iran's Electronics Industries Co., Asghar Ebrahimi, told ISNA news agency on Monday that Iran will send the Fajr (Dawn) satellite into space by September, while the Tolou (Sunrise) satellite will be launched in February 2012.

Ebrahimi noted that the national Fajr satellite has been developed and produced by Iranian aerospace experts in less than a year. It weighs 50 kilograms and is technically characterized by an orbit which could promote from 250 to 400 kilometers through a thruster or an engine.

The Iranian aerospace official added the Tolou satellite weighs less than 80 kilograms and will be placed in elliptical orbit of 400 kilometers in radius.

Tolou will have a lifespan of one and a half years and will capture images with a resolution of 50 meters and then transmit them to stations on earth.

Iran launched its first domestically manufactured satellite, Omid (Hope), on a home-built Safir-2 rocket on February 2, 2009.

http://presstv.com/detail/179136.html

[ardeshir8]

Iranian scientists successfully test Ziegler-Natta catalyst

TEHRAN (ISNA)-Iranian scientists managed to successfully test Ziegler-Natta catalyst whose import to Iran has been banned since imposition of sanctions against Tehran.

The sanctioned catalyst used to be employed by Iranian petrochemical industry.

The successful test was carried out at HDPE unit of Maroon Petrochemical Complex in southwestern city of Mahshahr.

The process shows capability of Iranian experts.

HOPE unit of Maroon Petrochemical Complex with the capability of 300,000 tones yearly is located in Mahshahr special economic zone.

The UN has imposed four sets of sanctions against Iran following the country's refusal to halt peaceful nuclear work.

The West accuses Iran of seeking nuclear arms, Iran denies the allegations and insists that its nuclear drive only seeks peaceful purposes including power generation and medical needs.

The sanctions mainly target Iran's oil and gas sector as well as banking, insurance and shipping industry.

End Item

http://www.isna.ir/ISNA/NewsView.asp...1756974&Lang=E

[ardeshir8]

Iran builds all-composite sport airplane

TEHRAN (ISNA)-Iranian scientists manufactured a double all-composite sport airplane, the third one in the world in SLE class.

The other two ones have been built in America.

The plane is constructed based on ASTM standards. It weighs 600 kg and is classified as an extra-light one according to Iran's rules and regulations.

It could be applied in pilot training flights in sport and UL classes, entertainment, charter flights, air patrol, border control, traffic and jungles.

The plane can cover the range of 850-900 kilometers and fly up to 12000 feet high with the speed of 250-300 k/ph.

The project which seeks meeting Iran's needs enjoys innovations in form, weights, equipment, cabinet, designs and cabinet's glasses.

End Item

http://www.isna.ir/ISNA/NewsView.asp...1754726&Lang=E

[ardeshir8]

Iran cloned calves born

TEHRAN (ISNA)-Iran produced two cloned calves through freezing embryo in laboratory.

The calves "Abgoun" and "Abgineh" were born in biotechnology research center of Rouyan Institute.

"Birth of the two calves turns a new page in industry of improvement of domesticated animals' breed. The two animals enjoy good jean," the project manager Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani told ISNA.

He said birth of the two calves is the last chain of capability of Iranian scholars' research in field of biotechnology for creation of domesticated animals.

Production of frozen embryos is the quickest and the most optimized way to elevate genetic potentials of domesticated animals, he added.

He added the country carries out artificial insemination method for domesticated animals through indigenous and foreign good sperms.

The Middle East's first and the world's fifth cloned goat, 'Hanna' was successfully born at Rouyan institute in Isfahan, Iran in April 2009.

The cloned goat was developed in the surrogate uterus of a black Bakhtiari goat for 147 days and was born through a cesarean section.

Iran's first cloned lamb, Royana, was born on Sept. 30, 2006 in Rouyan institute and was able to survive the post-natal complications common in cloned animals.

End Item

http://www.isna.ir/ISNA/NewsView.asp...1709851&Lang=E