Philippine Education System Thread 2

[kiretoce]

Education in the Philippines has a similar system to that of the United States, as the Philippines was colonized by the Americans from 1898 to 1945. Filipino children enter public school at about age four, starting from Nursery up to Kindergarten. At about seven years of age, children enter a 'primary school' (6 + 1 years). This is followed by secondary school (4 years). Students then sit for the College Entrance Examinations (CEE), after which they enter collegiate school (3 + 2 years). Other types of schools do exist, such as Private schools, Preparatory schools, International schools, and Science High Schools. Also, several nationalities, such as the Chinese, British, Americans, and the Japanese also have their own schools.

Primary School

Primary school is also called 'Elementary school'. It consists of six levels, with some schools adding an additional level (level 7). The levels are grouped into two primary subdivisions, Primary-level, which includes the first three levels, and Intermediate-level, which includes the last three levels.

Primary education in the Philippines covers a wide curriculum. The core subjects (major subjects) include Mathematics, English, and Makabayan (a mixture of Social Studies and Filipino). Other subjects include Sciences, Music, Arts, and Physical Education. Starting at the third level, Science becomes an integral part of the core subjects. In private schools, the subjects include Mathematics, English, Science, Social Studies, Basic Computer, Filipino, Music, Arts, Technology and Home Economics, Health, and Physical Eduucation. International schools and Chinese schools have additional subjects, especially in their language and culture.

The teaching medium in the vast majority of all local schools is English. Filipino is considered only as a second language, and is used only in the Makabayan subject. Outside of Manila, other languages such as Cebuano, Bicolano, and Waray, are also used in the teaching of Makabayan. International schools generally use English in all subjects. Chinese schools add two language subjects, such as Min Nan Chinese and Mandarin Chinese. A few private schools mainly catering to the elite also include Spanish in their curriculum. Meanwhile, Arabic is used in Islamnic schools. All primary-level students generally graduate with a knowledge of two or three languages.

Primary students traditionally sit for the National Elementary Achievement Test (NEAT) administered by the Department of Education, Culture, and Sports (DECS). It was intended as a measure of a school's competence, and not as a predictor of student aptitude or success in Secondary school. Hence, the scores obtained by the student in the NEAT is not used as a basis in his or her admission into Secondary school. During 2004, when the DECS was officially converted into the Department of Education (DepEd), and also, as a result of some reorganization, the NEAT was abolished. As of 2006, only private schools have entrance examinations for Secondary school.

Secondary School

Secondary education in the Philippines is largely based on the American schooling system. It consists of four levels. Secondary schooling is compartmentalized, meaning, each level focuses on a particular 'theme or content'. Secondary school is often called simply as 'High school', and as such, this will be the prevailing word in this section.

The first year of High school includes five core subjects, namely, Algebra I, Integrated Science, English I, Filipino I, and Philippine History I. The second year of High school includes Geometry, Biology, English II, Filipino II, and Asian History. The third year of High school includes Trigonometry, Chemistry, American Literature, Filipino III, and World History, and the fourth year of High school has Calculus, Physics, World Literature, Filipino IV, and Economics. Other minor subjects include Health, Advanced Computer, Music, Arts, Technology and Home Economics, and Physical Education.

In exclusive schools, various languages are offered as Electives, together with Computer programming, Literary writing, as well as other subjects. Chinese schools add language and cultural subjects. Preparatory schools usually add some Business and Accountancy courses, while Science high schools have Biology, Chemistry, ad Physics on every level.

Secondary students tradtionally sit for the National Secondary Achievement Test (NSAT), which is originally tailored as a counterpart of the American SAT, and is administered by the Department of Education (DepEd). Like its' primary school counterpart, it was eventually phased-out after major reorganizations in the said department. As of now, there is no government-sponsored entrance examination for Tertiary schools, and all schools, public or private, administer their own College Entrance Examinations (CEE).

Tertiary School

Tertiary schools in the Philippines are either colleges or universities. Colleges are tertiary institutions that typically offer one or few specialized courses, for example, in Science or in Liberal Arts, whereas Universities are tertiary institutions that offer several courses, which are often varied.

Tertiary schooling in the Philippines is more cosmopolitan, with thousands of international students enrolling here, the vast majority of which come from United States, South Korea, India, Pakistan, and other European countries like Sweden and Italy. The number of American nationals applying for tertiary education may be due to the fact that the Philippines itself has a large population of Americans. Most Korean students are transients, studying for the first two or three years in the Philippines to have a working knowledge of English, and then transferring abroad to the United States for degrees, but still, many still complete their tertiary education in the country.

Some noteworthy universities include the Ateneo de Manila University, De La Salle University-Manila (DLSU-Manila), the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila (PLM), the Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP), the University of the Philippines (UP), and the University of Santo Tomas (UST). The Ateneo and UP-Diliman are in Quezon City, whereas DLSU-Manila, PLM, PUP-Sta Mesa, UP-Manila, and UST are in Manila. All, except for UP, PLM, and PUP, are private schools.

Chinese Schools

Chinese schools add two additional subjects to the core curriculum, Hôa-gí (Chinese grammar and literature) and Tiĉng-hàp (Chinese communication). Some add two more, namely, Chinese History and Chinese Culture. Still, other Chinese schools called cultural schools, offer Confucian classics and Chinese history as part of their curriculum.

-Wikipedia

[Sinjin P.]

Thread One: http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=143978

[kiretoce]

Legarda spells out education agenda

Front-running senatorial candidate Loren Legarda unveiled yesterday her legislative agenda to improve the quality of education in the Philippines and promote the welfare of teachers nationwide through economic and professional incentives.

Addressing the regional congress of the Alliance of Concerned Teachers at the Philippine Public School Teachers Association auditorium in Quezon City, Legarda emphasized that the first reform area in government should focus on education.

Foremost in the legislative initiatives Legarda bared are raising the level of educational investments in the Philippines to at least 6 percent of the country’s gross national product, and undertaking a crash program in the next five years to ease the shortage in classrooms, textbooks, school desks and teachers.

“Educational investments by our own government are one of the lowest in the Asian region. In public schools, 40 out of 100 students that enrol in grade 1 drop out before finishing high school. Roughly 30 percent of school kids suffer also from various stages of malnutrition,” she said.

“We are third from the bottom in science and math proficiency, a great tragedy in a global economy dominated by information technology. Our public schools are now turning out a generation of ‘under performers,’” she added.

She also clarified that contrary to the malicious text messages being sent to teachers, she did not file any bill that scraps the vacation pay or lessens the benefits of teachers as attested to by the certification issued by the Senate Bills and Index section.

On the contrary, Legarda said she filed Senate Bill 579 during the 12th Congress to provide teachers additional pay when they are asked to work during summer or semestral breaks or when they are required to work in excess of their regular working hours.

She said she intends to file anew in June the same bill, which also seeks to ensure that salaries in private schools shall compare favorably with public schools. The bill also provides regular upward adjustments of teachers’ salaries to cover the effects of inflation as measured by the consumer price index.

Aside from increasing money allotted for education and implementing the five-year crash program mentioned above, Legarda’s educational agenda includes the following:

• Implementing creative strategies such as a viable debt-for-education swap to raise additional money to support educational investments;

• Expanding the voucher system for secondary and college students; creating satellite universities specializing in IT; transforming the University of the Philippines to remove constraints that hamper its education of the best minds;

• Instituting a sustained and adequately funded teacher training and re-training program with emphasis on the languages, science and math;

• Promoting teachers’ welfare through various economic and professional incentives;

• Strengthening the delivery of vocational-technical education by decentralizing this function to local government units;

• Strengthening and enhancing distance-learning education; and

• Promoting and popularizing arts and culture through a coordinated and varied medium that can be appreciated by the Filipino youth, particularly through establishments of local museums, performing arts centers, organization of seminars, lectures and field trips, among others.

Legarda said the quality of education must be improved to produce a competent and well-informed citizenry.

“A Unesco report on Philippine education noted that 1.7 million Filipino children in the seven to 12 age bracket are out of school, most of whom are from the poorest provinces,” she said.

“Although public elementary education is free, school-related expenses like transportation fares, food, school supplies and other materials are beyond the financial capabilities of the poor,” Legarda pointed out.

[kiretoce]

30 private colleges in WV to hike tuition

Parents and students will carry another heavy burden on their pocket as 30 colleges and universities in Western Visayas have applied for a tuition fee increase in this coming school year. Five of the applicant schools come from Iloilo City.

Records from the Commission on Higher Education (CHEd) identified the five schools from Iloilo City as Central Philippine University, Iloilo Doctors College, Saint Paul Iloilo University, John B. Lacson Maritime University and Western Institute of Technology.

However, the entries made in the log-book does not contain the percentage of increase that will be imposed from the current tuition fees. It was learned that private schools can impose as high as 50 percent increase provided it is approved by the student organizations and alumni associations.

Prior to their request for tuition fee increase, these universities are mandated to have a consultation with all the stakeholders especially the student organizations of each university and alumni association. The consultation is a basic requirement for each colleges and universities before their requests are forwarded to the CHEd national office.

The colleges and universities can go on with their tuition fee increase after the CHEd memorandum circular 14 which deals on the guidelines and procedures to be observed by the Higher Education Institutions (HEI) intending to increase tuition, other school fees and introduce new fees.

CHEd regional office or the national office do not have control over the rate of increase proposed by each school administration but the applicants should base their increase on the "allowable increase in the tuition and other fees in all levels should not be more than the prevailing national inflation rate contained in CHEd memorandum circular."

[kiretoce]

Philippines dangling carrot to Gujarat students: be doctor in Rs 20 lakh

Government of Philippines has launched a special campaign for its medical colleges to rope in students from India. The campaign which talks about similar tropical diseases pattern between the countries, same Asian culture, English language and easily available Indian food emphasizes on certain other points.

First of all anyone with 50 percent marks in Physics, Chemistry, Biology and English is eligible for the admission. The Philippines government recognized institutions with this basic criterion of the Medical Council of India do not have any other test criteria. Consequently, anyone with these qualifying marks and ability to pay around Rs 20 lakh in five years can get admission into the courses which are recognized even in the advanced countries like the US.

With Indian students in focus, as many as seven colleges of Philippines have started MBBS courses from this year. There are 30 institutions in Philippines that offer DM equivalent to MD of India with basic qualification of B Sc. This has opened floodgates for Indian students who are not able to get admission in Medical colleges in India. Even the management quota in India is much more costly than Philippines degree in Rs 20 lakh with boarding-lodging and a tag of foreign education with global recognition.

This entire project medical education is so high on the agenda of the Philippines government that Chairman of its commission on Higher Education Dr. Carlito S Puno was here in Ahmedabad today on a two day visit of India. The fact that he selected Ahmedabad as his first destination and his team campaigning here for last four five days show where does Gujarat stand in Philippines priority list.

The logic of selection of Gujarat as a pilot project is very simple. But Philippines should be given credit for hitting the right strategy. Every year hundreds of students from Gujarat go to South India for medical education at a much higher price. It is this ready market that Philippines is aiming to tap. In the final year these students are offered full fledged training for clearing part three of the License examination for medical practice in the US.

What more is needed. The gateway of medical education the official slogan of Philippines is basically gateway for entry into the US with a much more dignified status- a professional, a doctor. It is a known fact that many Gujarati students go to Australia, New Zealand and Canada to ultimately go to dream destination of the US.

Dr. Puno announced at a seminar of prospective students that parents of students studying in Philippines will get Visa for five years so that they have no problem in visiting their wards. He has also promised to initiate move for direct flight to Manila from Ahmedabad.

Only yesterday, Ahmedabad had another agency, a Pune based educational institution who offered admissions to DM courses to students. He, however, did not talk about the MBBS courses. Today, the Philippine officer with Cabinet Minister status introduced HCMI as an official agency for admissions to medical colleges. Mainly, for the seven medical colleges offering undergraduate MBBS course. Unlike India , Philippines has no restriction on number of seats in a college and so a college can accommodate large number of students provided they have 50 per cent marks and Rs 20 lakh to be paid in installments. And they know that Gujarat has plenty of them.

[kiretoce]

Philippines, right place to study

In a bid to strengthen the cooperation between Philippines and India in terms of medical education, the government of Philippines has opened new vistas for aspiring medical students of India, said chairman of the education commission Carlito Puno on Wednesday.

Speaking on the ‘Need of the students to study MBBS in the Philippines’ at Ahmedabad Management Association, he said that medicine is a diverse profession with many employment opportunities and the degree the student gets will prepare him/her to specialize in any field.



“Our aim is to aid prospective students and their parents, and to develop regional cooperation with India in any field. I believe that Philippines is the right place for students to study is because it is the third’s world largest English-speaking country. We provide better opportunities to secure employment and permanent residency,” he said.

University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center (UERMMMC) is in collaboration with the Health Care Medical International (HCMI) on MBBS programme to give more individuals opportunities to pursue their dreams, he said.

According to president of HCMI Baljit Singh, MBBS programme is developed to meet the requirements of the Medical Council of India and is approved by Philippines Commission on Higher Education.

The four-and-half year course will be conducted at UERMMMC campus in Philippines and followed by one-year compulsory internship at UERMMMC centre and the fee is around Rs 1 lakh, he said.

[MNL]

Vinavalue talaga ng Philippines ang education.

[waketrex]

Hmm Interesting idea...

Japanese Retirees To Have Chance At New Careers In the Philippines

May 24, 2007 12:08 p.m. EST

Komfie Manalo - AHN Correspondent

Manila, Philippines (AHN) - Japanese retirees deemed too old by their government to find new employment but still young enough to be productive, may find themselves in new careers in the Philippines. They could become science teachers in the Philippines if the agreement between the Philippine Retirement Authority and Japan pushes through.

Edgar Aglipay, chairman of the PRA said Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo who is currently in Japan for a four-day visit, is set to sign a pilot deal with 30 Japanese research and development firms. That deal would allow retired Japanese scientists to work at the University of the Philippines.

Aglipay said, "These are people who want to continue working, but cannot anymore do so in Japan, so we offer them a chance here."

He said the deal would also benefit the country that is suffering from a brain drain because of the increased migration of local manpower abroad.

These retired Japanese technicians would be compelled to bring in technology to adapt the country to the information they import to the UP.

"A Japanese marketer" was brokering the agreement between Japan and PRA, he said, and was offering the formula to other Japanese firms that had this problem.

He said Japanese firms were being asked to set up extension companies at the UP, to be beefed up with their retired personnel.

Aglipay is himself a retired police director-general, who managed to win a new government post.

He said the emigrating Japanese experts could be farmed out to other UP facilities such as the UP Baguio here in Manila.

Aglipay credited a Japanese consultant for providing Malaca?ang with this new concept in 2006. That happened after the expert realized that the country has a comparatively lax policy regulating retirees.

The Civil Service Commission serves a mandatory retirement notice to soldiers and uniformed personnel who reach 55, and to civilian employees who reach 65.

Adelina Sarmiento, an assistant commissioner at the Civil Service Commission, noted that the Philippines "has the oldest retirement age" in Asia when she presented a paper to a forum in Japan in 2000.

[death327]

I am not sure if I will agree with this but they need to be transparent in the terms of these retirees. Honestly, I believe UP doesn't need this, or any other universities or colleges here in the country. What we need is budget/funding. Ano tayo, tapunan ng retirees nila? Maraming kabataan pa sa Pinas ang walang trabaho.

[waketrex]

Originally Posted by soulmaker27

I am not sure if I will agree with this but they need to be transparent in the terms of these retirees. Honestly, I believe UP doesn't need this, or any other universities or colleges here in the country. What we need is budget/funding. Ano tayo, tapunan ng retirees nila? Maraming kabataan pa sa Pinas ang walang trabaho.

Usually the people who like to work at that age really loves what they do and therefore, may have the passion to teach other people, trying to share their interest of the subject.

Let's put it this way, if a scientist/technician would retire, he's not really going to retire he will more likely taking things apart and then putting them together again.

If you had a chance to learn something from an older generation who has lot of experience in that subject wouldn't that be better in the long run?

And there's also a big chance they can speak english and not only japanese if they work for research firms.

If a Einstein retired to the Philippines and then say "I want to teach here..." (more likely he would say, I want to do it just for fun) would UP turn him down? I don't think it's right to turn down these people if they have passion to teach and if they have the right background.

Or a great classical music player retires... but still want to teach would you pass up the opportunity to learn if possible?

Originally Posted by soulmaker27

Ano tayo, tapunan ng retirees nila? Maraming kabataan pa sa Pinas ang walang trabaho.

That's why they need more education to be able to be more competitive.

[death327]

Originally Posted by waketrex

Usually the people who like to work at that age really loves what they do and therefore, may have the passion to teach other people, trying to share their interest of the subject.

Let's put it this way, if a scientist/technician would retire, he's not really going to retire he will more likely taking things apart and then putting them together again.

If you had a chance to learn something from an older generation who has lot of experience in that subject wouldn't that be better in the long run?

And there's also a big chance they can speak english and not only japanese if they work for research firms.

If a Einstein retired to the Philippines and then say "I want to teach here..." (more likely he would say, I want to do it just for fun) would UP turn him down? I don't think it's right to turn down these people if they have passion to teach and if they have the right background.

Or a great classical music player retires... but still want to teach would you pass up the opportunity to learn if possible?



That's why they need more education to be able to be more competitive.

I understand your point. However, I am just concerned with the terms and policies that our government will be offering them. If this will be at the expense of the University or of the Philippine government then it's better for us to hire our own teachers. In fact, there are lots of great and talented teachers in the country and they prefer not to stay here because of the low pay. In UP, most of the profs are so passionate with their job that they decided to stay and teach in UP. A lot of brilliant products of the institution transferred to high paying institutions or went abroad. If this will be funded by the companies of these retirees, then that's good but we have to consider the pros and cons of this, like for example to what extent are we going to allow them to be in the instutition and what level. Because if we are not going to pay attention then we will end up having Japanese professors in almost all classrooms.

I suggest "scientific collaboration" will work just like "Ayala Technology Incubator" inside the campus. But letting them to have professorial position in the campus is not really a good plan. If this will happen, how come the government cannot create a good strategy in providing the needs of its own "brilliant" educators? Actually I cannot reconcile the thought that the government has time to resolve the problem of the "Retirees" of Japan but it cannot solve our problem of "brain-drain."

[amras]

actually, to become more competitive, our Philippine universities should also think about tapping foreign talents to improve our level of education. I have no doubt that our local teachers are talented and competent, but there are also people who are better. Just imagine if we hire those people from MIT or any noble laureates, the transfer of knowledge and experience would be tremendous. And paying them higher is not in any way unfair, since they deserved it.

now going back to the Japanese retirees, I dont think they would be offered with higher paying jobs (compared to their local counterparts) since from what I understand, it is their choice to work here. I mean no one's forcing them to work. If they really could contribute a lot in our schools and universities, at a very reasonable price, then hiring them should be put into consideration.

[death327]

Originally Posted by amras

actually, to become more competitive, our Philippine universities should also think about tapping foreign talents to improve our level of education. I have no doubt that our local teachers are talented and competent, but there are also people who are better. Just imagine if we hire those people from MIT or any noble laureates, the transfer of knowledge and experience would be tremendous. And paying them higher is not in any way unfair, since they deserved it.

now going back to the Japanese retirees, I dont think they would be offered with higher paying jobs (compared to their local counterparts) since from what I understand, it is their choice to work here. I mean no one's forcing them to work. If they really could contribute a lot in our schools and universities, at a very reasonable price, then hiring them should be put into consideration.

Entry level teaching in UP is about 11k-14k and I am not sure kung may mga prof sa UP na umaabot ng 50k. These are foreigners and I am not sure if they will be contented 11k-14k monthly salary.

Yes. It is important for us to have foreign lecturers in our universities but this does not solve our "teaching force" problem and that is sustaining and providing them adequate compensation.

I would agree if the government won't shell out anything for this. But I just don't want to see someday that our internal education problem had not given enough strategic solution while we have given other countries a viable solution (and based here in our country) with their internal problems.

I think this is just one of the desperate options provided by the government to ratify PH-Japan Economic Pack.

We need foreign lecturers but in reality we cannot really afford them yet. I am not sure about this plan but have they consulted the UP BOR? Have they inquired the institution if this won't be a mediocre plan?

[amigo32]

I guess they won't be teaching para sa pera lang. Marami na silang pera, retired na papahinga na lang, at siguro nga kung gusto pa rin nilang magturo, pampalipas oras hindi na nila titingnan kung magkano ang sueldo. Al;am namn nila na mahirap lang ang Pinas, hindi na sila mag eexpect na susuelduhan sila ng level sa kanila.

[amras]

Originally Posted by soulmaker27

Entry level teaching in UP is about 11k-14k and I am not sure kung may mga prof sa UP na umaabot ng 50k. These are foreigners and I am not sure if they will be contented 11k-14k monthly salary.

Yes. It is important for us to have foreign lecturers in our universities but this does not solve our "teaching force" problem and that is sustaining and providing them adequate compensation.

I would agree if the government won't shell out anything for this. But I just don't want to see someday that our internal education problem had not given enough strategic solution while we have given other countries a viable solution (and based here in our country) with their internal problems.

I think this is just one of the desperate options provided by the government to ratify PH-Japan Economic Pack.

We need foreign lecturers but in reality we cannot really afford them yet. I am not sure about this plan but have they consulted the UP BOR? Have they inquired the institution if this won't be a mediocre plan?

I still believe that in the long run, we Filipinos are the one that would benefit if we let them become part of our educations system, provided that they could really contribute more. And in the first place, if UP is really as good as you are saying, then I don't think they would easily jump at this bandwagon if they don't think that it's going to be beneficial for them.

Providing our local teachers just compensation is just one side of the problem. Empowering them and enriching their knowledge is another way of upgrading our education system. And one way to do this is to let foreign people with the right knowledge and experience to collaborate and share their expertise to the Filipinos. Moreover, foreign talents taking over our schools is a farfetched idea. For one thing, we got people like you who will surely won't allow this to happen.

[death327]

Now that is what I am trying to say here - "Collaboration" instead of direct "Penetration." I am fearing that in the long run we will forget the thought of "Collaboration." And I am hoping the premise of "Collaboration" will hold. Hopefully the UP community will weigh the options very well.

Honestly in the long run we don't need the Japanese... we need the bullish Chinese scientists.

And also if this will materialize in what field are they going to dispatch these retirees?

[bukid]

Originally Posted by kiretoce

Education in the Philippines
Chinese Schools

Chinese schools add two additional subjects to the core curriculum, Hôa-gí (Chinese grammar and literature) and Tiĉng-hàp (Chinese communication). Some add two more, namely, Chinese History and Chinese Culture. Still, other Chinese schools called cultural schools, offer Confucian classics and Chinese history as part of their curriculum.

-Wikipedia

in the past there were more chinese subjects. they would have separate history subject, a separate subject on chinese literatures and confucian classics. another subject for calligraphy then another for mathematics and so on...

During the Martial Law, Chinese language schools were ordered closed or else to limit the time alloted for Chinese language, history, and culture subjects from 4 hours to 2 hours, and instead devote them to the study of Filipino languages and culture. This method of teaching persists to this very day. Marcos' policy eventually led to the formal assimilation of the Chinese Filipinos into mainstream Filipino society.

chinese schools now basically had 3 subjects.

华语 / 华文 or hoagi/hoabun (chinese grammar, communication and arts, literatures, chinese calligraphy, the language taught is mandarin.)

综合 chonghap (integrated lessons) - includes chinese and philippine history and some philippine literatures. usually after 2nd year high school, it becomes exclusively a subject on chinese history and culture.

and the 3rd is mathematics (sohak). there is one more subject (non-academic) that is included in the grading system and that is community service (hokbu).

time alloted for chinese classes is 2hours a day, monday to friday, some add 3hours of saturdays. in some schools, before it was compulsory but i think after 1990, it becomes voluntary, and students are given the choice between a chinese (mandarin) class or an elective subject (includes a chooice of learning chinese hookien language or learning accounting or a vocational lessons.) for that 2 hours that should have been devoted to learning chinese (mandarin).

[amras]

Originally Posted by soulmaker27

Now that is what I am trying to say here - "Collaboration" instead of direct "Penetration." I am fearing that in the long run we will forget the thought of "Collaboration." And I am hoping the premise of "Collaboration" will hold. Hopefully the UP community will weigh the options very well.

Honestly in the long run we don't need the Japanese... we need the bullish Chinese scientists.

And also if this will materialize in what field are they going to dispatch these retirees?

I'm not sure about Chinese... I mean, they may be good at reasearch, but teaching, umm, let me just say that's something they don't excel at.

[le Reine]

Sa pagkakaintindi ko dun sa article, hindi ata sila nangangailangan ng suweldo they only need jobs because it's their passion to work. Oo nga naman, kung walang gastos ang government, why not?

[death327]

Originally Posted by XP

Sa pagkakaintindi ko dun sa article, hindi ata sila nangangailangan ng suweldo they only need jobs because it's their passion to work. Oo nga naman, kung walang gastos ang government, why not?

Kaya nga hindi pa ako sure kung mag-aagree ako or hindi. Sa first comment ako - they just need to be transparent.

Originally Posted by amras

I'm not sure about Chinese... I mean, they may be good at reasearch, but teaching, umm, let me just say that's something they don't excel at.

Kaya nga "Collaboration."