Philippine National Heritage Watch

[Wonderboy]

Below is a text message I received from my friend based in Ilocos:

FYI: the reverend priest of Paoay started plastering the interior walls of the church with cement! Hello NCCA, NHI, UNESCO, your credibility is down the drain!

I called NCCA today and they said that they will be going to Ilocos tomorrow to personally talk to the parish priest who spearheaded the plastering of cement on the interiors of Paoay church.

Actually, I called Paoay Church before I called NCCA, unfortunately, Fr. Victor Calma was not available to take my call but I was able to talk to one of the caretakers and she said that the 'cementing' started last January 24.

I heard that Fr. Calma is hardheaded and wouldn't cooperate with the gov't, UNESCO, and NCCA.

So is anyone here from Paoay? Perhaps a local/ Ilocano with cultural sensitivity can help convince Fr. Calma to protect Paoay Church. NCCA added that the priest had some other 'projects' that would be detrimental to the preservation of the church.

Below are the contact information for reference:

Paoay Church: (077)7932030
City of Paoay: (077) 6140191
NCCA: (02) 5272192

[Wonderboy]

Below is a text message I received from my friend based in Ilocos:

FYI: the reverend priest of Paoay started plastering the interior walls of the church with cement! Hello NCCA, NHI, UNESCO, your credibility is down the drain!

I called NCCA today and they said that they will be going to Ilocos tomorrow to personally talk to the parish priest who spearheaded the plastering of cement on the interiors of Paoay church.

Actually, I called Paoay Church before I called NCCA, unfortunately, Fr. Victor Calma was not available to take my call but I was able to talk to one of the caretakers and she said that the 'cementing' started last January 24.

I heard that Fr. Calma is hardheaded and wouldn't cooperate with the gov't, UNESCO, and NCCA.

So is anyone here from Paoay? Perhaps a local/ Ilocano with cultural sensitivity can help convince Fr. Calma to protect Paoay Church. NCCA added that the priest had some other 'projects' that would be detrimental to the preservation of the church.

Below are the contact information for reference:

Paoay Church: (077)7932030
City of Paoay: (077) 6140191
NCCA: (02) 5272192

[ishtefh_03]

i posted this pic to other threads already, but just like what kuya jeff told about paoay church being plastered... i think it's this one, i remember our tour guide told us that the roof of this is replaced by a GI roof na daw...

[ishtefh_03]

i posted this pic to other threads already, but just like what kuya jeff told about paoay church being plastered... i think it's this one, i remember our tour guide told us that the roof of this is replaced by a GI roof na daw...

[Animo]

INTRAMUROS OF MEMORY: Laya & Gatbonton, Ministry of Human Settlements, Intramuros Administration, Manila 1983

Photo-documentation of the walled city of Intramuros. It showcases the various aspects of the city from the fortifications, showing the various puertas or gateways to the ravelins and bulwarks and Fort Santiago, Manila's Citadel along the Pasig River. It also highlights the numerous churches that graced Intramuros which made the city the area with most churches within a walled community. The churches shown are Iglesia de Imaculada Concepcion or Manila Cathedral, Iglesia de San Agustin, Iglesia de San Ignacio, Iglesia de San Jose, Iglesia de Lourdes, Iglesia de San Nicolas Recoletos, Iglesia de Santo Domingo, Iglesia de San Francisco and Iglesia Minor de Orden Tercera. All except for Manila Cathedral and San Agustin were destroyed during the liberation of Manila which is also featured in this book. Other structures of note presented in this book are schools and convents that were numerous during its heyday such as Ateneo Municipal, Colegio de Santo Tomas, Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Beaterio de Santa Catalina, Colegio de Santa Rosa, Colegio de Santa Isabel, Beaterio de la Compania, and the Convento de Santa Clara. Government agencies were also photographed such as the Ayuntamiento, Intendencia, Aduana, and others.

It is a noteworthy book for architectural historians who are fascinated by what the city of Manila looked like prior to the second world war.

ANGELS IN STONE: AGUSTINIAN CHURCHES IN THE PHILIPPINES: Pedro G. Gallende O.S.A. San Agustin Museum, Manila

Photo documentation as well as historical survey of the numerous churches which the Agustinian Order erected throughout its long illustrious history in the country. The Agustinian Order, the oldest order to have established missions in the country was also blessed with evangelizing the most wealthy and secure places in the archipelago, which is reflected in the wealth of their architectural heritage. The photos here are in full color with external and internal shots of selected churches. It traces the evolution of the structures from when the town or pueblo was established as well as the consequent erection of the church, to the present growth of the community. It also looks into the construction of the churches, discussing such aspects as to materials used, cost, design aspects and motifs as well as construction principles employed, all analyzed in a layman's point of view. Noted structures analyzed in this book are the San Agustin Church and Convent, the churches of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Pampanga, Bulacan, Cebu, Panay Island, Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, and Abra.

It is an interesting coffee table book for lovers of ecclesiastical architecture particularly Agustinian Architecture in the Philippines.

FORTRESS OF EMPIRE: SPANISH COLONIAL FORTIFICATIONS OF THE PHILIPPINES 1565-1898: Rene B. Javellana S.J.: Bookmark

A pictorial essay on the Spanish colonial fortifications found all over the islands. The author discusses the role which the Spanish fortifications played in the colonization of the archipelago. The book highlights the beginning of fortifications in the country with examples found in the Batanes Islands, to early indigenous fortifications. It is also a historical look of colonial fortifications, its strategy and construction. The development of colonial fortification in the country beginning with Fort San Pedro in Cebu was identified, along with Intramuros walls and Fort Santiago, Fuerza San Felipe in Cavite was also highlighted as well as numerous other fortifications in the country. Smaller bastions such as the defensive moro watch towers which dot coastal communities was also mentioned as well as the Church fortresses such as the Iglesia y fuerza de Cuyo, Iglesia y Fuerza de Culion, Iglesia y Fuerza de Capul and others.

The book traces the development of military architecture in the country highlighting not only its defensive purpose but its religious and social uses as well.

WOOD AND STONE: FOR GODS GREATER GLORY: JESUIT ART AND ARCHITECTURE IN THE PHILIPPINES: Rene B. Javellana S.J.: Ateneo de Manila University Press

Book on the origin and development of ecclesiastical art and architecture of the Jesuit Order in the Philippines. It traces the legacy of Spanish Jesuit contribution from the establishment of the pueblo to the division of the land into reducciones as well as the mission of the Jesuits with ad majorem dei gloriam as their motto for conversion.

The book looks into the Jesuit builders themselves, the architects, builders, artisans and artists who contributed their skills into the construction of these monuments of faith. Highlight of this book is the discussion on the construction of the Iglesia de San Ignacio in Intramuros. In latter chapters, the various missions established by the Jesuit order was identified, discussing its architecture, its interior decoration (reredos and retablos). Some notable discussions and photographs presented are those of the churches of Antipolo, Siland, Boac, Sta. Cruz as well as that of San Ignacio.

The book is significant in its telling of how missions such as that of the Jesuit order established themselves in the country and provides a look into the mission-building of a community and the outcome and history of this community endeavor.

PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE DURING THE PRE-SPANISH AND SPANISH PERIODS: Norma Ipac-Alarcon, U.S.T. Press

Book on the development of architecture in the country from the pre-Spanish period to the Spanish era. It traces the development of architecture through the various factors involved in shaping architecture. From climate, topography, geography and geology, culture, religion, and history. It looks at samples of ethnic architecture, from the traditional bahay kubo to the more tribal examples of the hinterlands. All examples are illustrated. During the Spanish regime, focus was concentrated on ecclesiastical architecture and the numerous churches erected during this period by the five religious orders present in the country. The book reviews historical architecture which resulted in the establishment of renaissance architecture in the country. The book also presents an analysis of numerous churches in the country and discussed the Law of the Indies as well.

The book, the first in a series of 2 books, discusses in detail the evolutionary process of developing architecture in a country. The second book will cover the evolution of architecture in the country during the American and the contemporary period is still to be published.

SIMBAHAN: CHURCH ART IN COLONIAL PHILIPPINES 1565 - 1898: Regalado Trota-Jose, Ayala Museum 1991

History of church architecture in the Philippines and how such architecture played an important role in the evangelization of the nation. The book identifies the religious orders which shaped the religious nature of the country and traces the missions established by these religious orders. Other parts of the book discusses the methods of construction of all parts of the building. The different parts and uses of the church complex are also mentioned. Aside from architecture, the author discusses the interior aspects and significance of church imagery in shaping the religious minds of the people. Period photographs of various churches, exterior and interior are presented to give the reader an idea of how Philippine churches looked like prior to destruction due to wars and natural calamity or simply wrong renovation ideas.

The book is noteworthy for discussing religious architecture in detail without stepping into religious or missionastic ideas for building such churches.

HERITAGE: PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE; THE ILOCOS REGION: AN ARCHITECTURAL TRAVEL GUIDE: Manuel L.C. Noche, et.al. United Architects of the Philippines, Center for Philippine Architecture

Book on the significant architectural structures in the Ilocos Regions, comprising the provinces of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union and Pangasinan. The book identifies historical architecture such as ancestral houses, churches and convents, lighthouses, moro watch towers, government buildings and other buildings deemed historical due to age. It also discusses the significant towns in the Ilocos region by tracing the history of their names. Drawings and maps of structures are included.

DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE: 1993 Santa Barbara Publishing Corp.

Monthly publication focusing on the arts and architecture. Various articles showcase the best in Philippine arts with architecture highlighted in each issue. Some features of the magazine deal with present-day art, architecture and interior design. Historic design are presented well to remind the reader of the importance of historical art and architecture.

GREAT CHURCHES OF THE PHILIPPINES: Pedro Gallende O.S.A. & Rene Javellana S.J.

Two of the country's foremost writers on church architecture, Gallende and Javellana, identifies the most artistically significant churches in the country. Photo essays on the various churches gives the reader an opportunity to see the beauty of the various churches found around the country. The book provides a very good preview of churches including a prelude to Gallende's, Angel in Stone and Javellana`s Wood and Stone.

The book is an important collection for architects and art lovers of church architecture.

[Animo]

INTRAMUROS OF MEMORY: Laya & Gatbonton, Ministry of Human Settlements, Intramuros Administration, Manila 1983

Photo-documentation of the walled city of Intramuros. It showcases the various aspects of the city from the fortifications, showing the various puertas or gateways to the ravelins and bulwarks and Fort Santiago, Manila's Citadel along the Pasig River. It also highlights the numerous churches that graced Intramuros which made the city the area with most churches within a walled community. The churches shown are Iglesia de Imaculada Concepcion or Manila Cathedral, Iglesia de San Agustin, Iglesia de San Ignacio, Iglesia de San Jose, Iglesia de Lourdes, Iglesia de San Nicolas Recoletos, Iglesia de Santo Domingo, Iglesia de San Francisco and Iglesia Minor de Orden Tercera. All except for Manila Cathedral and San Agustin were destroyed during the liberation of Manila which is also featured in this book. Other structures of note presented in this book are schools and convents that were numerous during its heyday such as Ateneo Municipal, Colegio de Santo Tomas, Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Beaterio de Santa Catalina, Colegio de Santa Rosa, Colegio de Santa Isabel, Beaterio de la Compania, and the Convento de Santa Clara. Government agencies were also photographed such as the Ayuntamiento, Intendencia, Aduana, and others.

It is a noteworthy book for architectural historians who are fascinated by what the city of Manila looked like prior to the second world war.

ANGELS IN STONE: AGUSTINIAN CHURCHES IN THE PHILIPPINES: Pedro G. Gallende O.S.A. San Agustin Museum, Manila

Photo documentation as well as historical survey of the numerous churches which the Agustinian Order erected throughout its long illustrious history in the country. The Agustinian Order, the oldest order to have established missions in the country was also blessed with evangelizing the most wealthy and secure places in the archipelago, which is reflected in the wealth of their architectural heritage. The photos here are in full color with external and internal shots of selected churches. It traces the evolution of the structures from when the town or pueblo was established as well as the consequent erection of the church, to the present growth of the community. It also looks into the construction of the churches, discussing such aspects as to materials used, cost, design aspects and motifs as well as construction principles employed, all analyzed in a layman's point of view. Noted structures analyzed in this book are the San Agustin Church and Convent, the churches of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Pampanga, Bulacan, Cebu, Panay Island, Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, and Abra.

It is an interesting coffee table book for lovers of ecclesiastical architecture particularly Agustinian Architecture in the Philippines.

FORTRESS OF EMPIRE: SPANISH COLONIAL FORTIFICATIONS OF THE PHILIPPINES 1565-1898: Rene B. Javellana S.J.: Bookmark

A pictorial essay on the Spanish colonial fortifications found all over the islands. The author discusses the role which the Spanish fortifications played in the colonization of the archipelago. The book highlights the beginning of fortifications in the country with examples found in the Batanes Islands, to early indigenous fortifications. It is also a historical look of colonial fortifications, its strategy and construction. The development of colonial fortification in the country beginning with Fort San Pedro in Cebu was identified, along with Intramuros walls and Fort Santiago, Fuerza San Felipe in Cavite was also highlighted as well as numerous other fortifications in the country. Smaller bastions such as the defensive moro watch towers which dot coastal communities was also mentioned as well as the Church fortresses such as the Iglesia y fuerza de Cuyo, Iglesia y Fuerza de Culion, Iglesia y Fuerza de Capul and others.

The book traces the development of military architecture in the country highlighting not only its defensive purpose but its religious and social uses as well.

WOOD AND STONE: FOR GODS GREATER GLORY: JESUIT ART AND ARCHITECTURE IN THE PHILIPPINES: Rene B. Javellana S.J.: Ateneo de Manila University Press

Book on the origin and development of ecclesiastical art and architecture of the Jesuit Order in the Philippines. It traces the legacy of Spanish Jesuit contribution from the establishment of the pueblo to the division of the land into reducciones as well as the mission of the Jesuits with ad majorem dei gloriam as their motto for conversion.

The book looks into the Jesuit builders themselves, the architects, builders, artisans and artists who contributed their skills into the construction of these monuments of faith. Highlight of this book is the discussion on the construction of the Iglesia de San Ignacio in Intramuros. In latter chapters, the various missions established by the Jesuit order was identified, discussing its architecture, its interior decoration (reredos and retablos). Some notable discussions and photographs presented are those of the churches of Antipolo, Siland, Boac, Sta. Cruz as well as that of San Ignacio.

The book is significant in its telling of how missions such as that of the Jesuit order established themselves in the country and provides a look into the mission-building of a community and the outcome and history of this community endeavor.

PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE DURING THE PRE-SPANISH AND SPANISH PERIODS: Norma Ipac-Alarcon, U.S.T. Press

Book on the development of architecture in the country from the pre-Spanish period to the Spanish era. It traces the development of architecture through the various factors involved in shaping architecture. From climate, topography, geography and geology, culture, religion, and history. It looks at samples of ethnic architecture, from the traditional bahay kubo to the more tribal examples of the hinterlands. All examples are illustrated. During the Spanish regime, focus was concentrated on ecclesiastical architecture and the numerous churches erected during this period by the five religious orders present in the country. The book reviews historical architecture which resulted in the establishment of renaissance architecture in the country. The book also presents an analysis of numerous churches in the country and discussed the Law of the Indies as well.

The book, the first in a series of 2 books, discusses in detail the evolutionary process of developing architecture in a country. The second book will cover the evolution of architecture in the country during the American and the contemporary period is still to be published.

SIMBAHAN: CHURCH ART IN COLONIAL PHILIPPINES 1565 - 1898: Regalado Trota-Jose, Ayala Museum 1991

History of church architecture in the Philippines and how such architecture played an important role in the evangelization of the nation. The book identifies the religious orders which shaped the religious nature of the country and traces the missions established by these religious orders. Other parts of the book discusses the methods of construction of all parts of the building. The different parts and uses of the church complex are also mentioned. Aside from architecture, the author discusses the interior aspects and significance of church imagery in shaping the religious minds of the people. Period photographs of various churches, exterior and interior are presented to give the reader an idea of how Philippine churches looked like prior to destruction due to wars and natural calamity or simply wrong renovation ideas.

The book is noteworthy for discussing religious architecture in detail without stepping into religious or missionastic ideas for building such churches.

HERITAGE: PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE; THE ILOCOS REGION: AN ARCHITECTURAL TRAVEL GUIDE: Manuel L.C. Noche, et.al. United Architects of the Philippines, Center for Philippine Architecture

Book on the significant architectural structures in the Ilocos Regions, comprising the provinces of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union and Pangasinan. The book identifies historical architecture such as ancestral houses, churches and convents, lighthouses, moro watch towers, government buildings and other buildings deemed historical due to age. It also discusses the significant towns in the Ilocos region by tracing the history of their names. Drawings and maps of structures are included.

DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE: 1993 Santa Barbara Publishing Corp.

Monthly publication focusing on the arts and architecture. Various articles showcase the best in Philippine arts with architecture highlighted in each issue. Some features of the magazine deal with present-day art, architecture and interior design. Historic design are presented well to remind the reader of the importance of historical art and architecture.

GREAT CHURCHES OF THE PHILIPPINES: Pedro Gallende O.S.A. & Rene Javellana S.J.

Two of the country's foremost writers on church architecture, Gallende and Javellana, identifies the most artistically significant churches in the country. Photo essays on the various churches gives the reader an opportunity to see the beauty of the various churches found around the country. The book provides a very good preview of churches including a prelude to Gallende's, Angel in Stone and Javellana`s Wood and Stone.

The book is an important collection for architects and art lovers of church architecture.

[bustero]

I think it's interesting how society will have to reconcile the tension between saving heritage sites and restoring them as original designs, and it being used by actual locals who want a practical usable site.

[bustero]

I think it's interesting how society will have to reconcile the tension between saving heritage sites and restoring them as original designs, and it being used by actual locals who want a practical usable site.

[overtureph]

sorry double posting

[overtureph]

sorry double posting

[overtureph]

The House The Filipino Built
By Ann Corvera
The Philippine Star 03/12/2006

As buildings go, 50 years is not a long time. But the University of the Philippines’ College of Architecture (UPCA) marks its 50th year this month with an eye not only on the future, but also on the past,breaking new ground in building concepts and approaches at the same time acknowledging the value of our architectural history and traditions.

UP College of Architecture dean Prosperidad "Hedy" Luis fondly refers to the old houses in Sariaya and Candelaria in Quezon province, noting how the homes of the Filipino upper class evolved into stone houses or bahay na bato from the traditional grass hut or bahay kubo.

"It was reflective of the life of leisure during those days," says Luis. The bahay na bato was made of materials more durable than those of the nipa huts, but maintained the latter’s elevated style and open ventilation. Luis notes that architecture is the "ultimate expression" of the current state of life and living.

Unfortunately, most of those houses–as well as many others all over the country–have been left to caretakers or totally abandoned by their owners, who find the task of maintaining these old family homes expensive, tedious and impractical.

Fortunately, there are moves to preserve these old structures. A preservation and conservation mission brought Luis to these two towns in Quezon recently. Abandoned as these structures were, concerned entities have stepped in to carry out what others weren’t convinced should be done: preserve the heritage.

It is easy to make up our minds that Philippine architecture barely exists, what with the mixture of influences from centuries of foreign rule, particularly the Spaniards then the Americans. However, Luis notes that it is precisely from these influences that Philippine architecture was born.

"We are the product of so many cultures merged together, but that doesn’t make us less Filipino," Luis tells Starweek in an interview ahead of the college’s 50th anniversary.

How the growth of Philippine architecture was shaped past the colonial stages into modern contemporary period and beyond could very well be answered not only by acceptance of Filipino heritage, but more notably by recognizing our own talent and through "real criticism" that will allow budding architects to forge ahead with the changing times.

"In the other arts, there is criticism like in sculpture and music, but there is no real criticism on architecture because it is tied up with being a profession," observes Rene Luis Mata, a professor at UPCA.

Former dean Gero-nimo Manahan, a Likha and Gold Medal awardee of the United Architects of the Philippines last year, says foreign architectural influences in the past, including those from neighboring countries like China and India a a result of commerce and trade, brought about "nuances unique to the Philippines". And these nuances have, in fact, become part of our architectural traditions.

Space, for instance, is a distinct feature of Philippine architecture.

"Look at the kitchen in Filipino homes," points out Manahan. "It is in our culture to have two kitchens–the dirty kitchen and the one inside which sometimes is also a dining area." Or the living room where Filipinos receive guests and "at the same time we dine there", he adds.

In a bigger context, Manahan cites the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP), a masterpiece of the late national artist Leandro Locsin, as one of the structures that best describe Philippine architecture.

"That’s his work and he expresses his architecture through culture," says Manahan of Locsin, who was also responsible for other distinctly Filipino cultural landmarks like the Folk Arts Theater and the Philippine International Convention Center.

The government-run National Commission for Culture and the Arts quotes Locsin on the meaning of true Philippine architecture: It is "the product of two great streams of culture, the oriental and the occidental... to produce a new object of profound harmony".

For Mata, who teaches under UPCA’s adopted methodology of teaching, research and extension, the problem with the perspective that the country doesn’t have its own architecture because of colonial influences is the lack of acceptance of our unique heritage.

"We don’t accept it as our own. But really, it is a continuous development. We adapt (architecture) to our own needs," he says.

Notwithstanding the factor of influence, one need not look far to find excellent examples of Philippine architecture.

Jillian Resurreccion, a 24-year-old architect, finds the building of San Miguel Corporation in Pasig City, a creation of Bobby Mañosa, as a reflection of Filipino culture, with the Banaue rice terraces as the inspiration behind the prominent Filipino architect’s work.

Many other architects, some less recognized, have masterpieces all over Manila that are not widely appreciated as architectural treasures; examples include Juan Arellano’s Manila General Post Office at Plaza Lawton and the old Legislative Building, to name but two.

The lack of understanding of our architectural history, Mata believes, leads to "a question of identity."

"A lot of people say that we don’t have Philippine architecture, that we only copy it; but they forget that historically, it happens to other countries. You go through a process. You adapt, you reject but if we do not understand the background, we will not understand it ourselves," says Mata.

This is where UPCA’s teaching methodology and its studio-laboratory come in.

Human and physical resources are UPCA’s greatest assets. UP requires faculty members to have finished at least a master’s degree. UPCA, which the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) identified as a center of excellence in 1999, adopts a methodology that integrates teaching, research and extension.

A center of excellence is a higher education unit with a strong undergraduate program, research and extension capability and a good graduate program. UPCA assessed and improved its undergraduate curricula in 2002 based on guiding principles that would make studies relevant to the times. For one, the history, theory and criticism series merge history and theory based on the belief that the discussion of the evolution of architectural theories cannot be detached from the events in history which provide the backdrop against which thoughts, values and principles develop.

"Our lab is a history, theory and criticism laboratory where we try to combine the study of architectural history, theory and criticism. In so doing we question and challenge the existing norms and try to move ahead," Mata explains. "So we’re trying to get to the cutting-edge zone here–architecture as projected to what’s happening now. The good and the bad. Together with that, of course, is the study of the history of architecture–and related to that is the study of Philippine architecture, and corollary to that is conservation."

Another critical facet of UPCA studies is the conservation and restoration of historical heritage structures in the Philippines.

"In doing so, we study the technology of our heritage," notes Mata, who took up historical restoration studies in Spain and spent 13 years with the Intramuros Administration. Mata expresses disappointment at how the government has "neglected conservation in favor of tourism."

For Dean Manahan, the problem is the marketing factor. He laments that clients don’t recognize the value of Filipino architects. "They make use of architects as a commodity for marketing which should not be the case. That is the dilemma of the profession today."

Thus, Manahan stresses the importance of the government updating its regulations especially for the recognition of professional architects which, he notes, is being done by UPCA’s alumni association.

While UPCA cooperates to give assistance to other schools in terms of faculty and curricular development, Deans Manahan and Luis hope there will be more centers of excellence in the country so that many other Filipino students may enjoy comprehensiveness in their studies as well as experience and gain insights into reality outside the school walls.

"When research is integrated, the curiosity of students is heightened to look for answers. We offer students actual projects, like they work with the NGOs of Sariaya in preservation and conservation of structures there. They work with actual clients so it’s not only hypothetical," explains Luis.

UPCA counts among its roster of alumni some of the most distinguished names in Philippine architecture. many head prominent firms, and–perhaps more importantly–many are involved in efforts to articulate and define Philippine architecture and to preserve, conserve and highlight traditional Philippine structures.

Just like buildings that prove their worth through time, the UPCA will likewise adapt itself to the changing demands and continue to build not just structures, but the nation as well.

[overtureph]

The House The Filipino Built
By Ann Corvera
The Philippine Star 03/12/2006

As buildings go, 50 years is not a long time. But the University of the Philippines’ College of Architecture (UPCA) marks its 50th year this month with an eye not only on the future, but also on the past,breaking new ground in building concepts and approaches at the same time acknowledging the value of our architectural history and traditions.

UP College of Architecture dean Prosperidad "Hedy" Luis fondly refers to the old houses in Sariaya and Candelaria in Quezon province, noting how the homes of the Filipino upper class evolved into stone houses or bahay na bato from the traditional grass hut or bahay kubo.

"It was reflective of the life of leisure during those days," says Luis. The bahay na bato was made of materials more durable than those of the nipa huts, but maintained the latter’s elevated style and open ventilation. Luis notes that architecture is the "ultimate expression" of the current state of life and living.

Unfortunately, most of those houses–as well as many others all over the country–have been left to caretakers or totally abandoned by their owners, who find the task of maintaining these old family homes expensive, tedious and impractical.

Fortunately, there are moves to preserve these old structures. A preservation and conservation mission brought Luis to these two towns in Quezon recently. Abandoned as these structures were, concerned entities have stepped in to carry out what others weren’t convinced should be done: preserve the heritage.

It is easy to make up our minds that Philippine architecture barely exists, what with the mixture of influences from centuries of foreign rule, particularly the Spaniards then the Americans. However, Luis notes that it is precisely from these influences that Philippine architecture was born.

"We are the product of so many cultures merged together, but that doesn’t make us less Filipino," Luis tells Starweek in an interview ahead of the college’s 50th anniversary.

How the growth of Philippine architecture was shaped past the colonial stages into modern contemporary period and beyond could very well be answered not only by acceptance of Filipino heritage, but more notably by recognizing our own talent and through "real criticism" that will allow budding architects to forge ahead with the changing times.

"In the other arts, there is criticism like in sculpture and music, but there is no real criticism on architecture because it is tied up with being a profession," observes Rene Luis Mata, a professor at UPCA.

Former dean Gero-nimo Manahan, a Likha and Gold Medal awardee of the United Architects of the Philippines last year, says foreign architectural influences in the past, including those from neighboring countries like China and India a a result of commerce and trade, brought about "nuances unique to the Philippines". And these nuances have, in fact, become part of our architectural traditions.

Space, for instance, is a distinct feature of Philippine architecture.

"Look at the kitchen in Filipino homes," points out Manahan. "It is in our culture to have two kitchens–the dirty kitchen and the one inside which sometimes is also a dining area." Or the living room where Filipinos receive guests and "at the same time we dine there", he adds.

In a bigger context, Manahan cites the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP), a masterpiece of the late national artist Leandro Locsin, as one of the structures that best describe Philippine architecture.

"That’s his work and he expresses his architecture through culture," says Manahan of Locsin, who was also responsible for other distinctly Filipino cultural landmarks like the Folk Arts Theater and the Philippine International Convention Center.

The government-run National Commission for Culture and the Arts quotes Locsin on the meaning of true Philippine architecture: It is "the product of two great streams of culture, the oriental and the occidental... to produce a new object of profound harmony".

For Mata, who teaches under UPCA’s adopted methodology of teaching, research and extension, the problem with the perspective that the country doesn’t have its own architecture because of colonial influences is the lack of acceptance of our unique heritage.

"We don’t accept it as our own. But really, it is a continuous development. We adapt (architecture) to our own needs," he says.

Notwithstanding the factor of influence, one need not look far to find excellent examples of Philippine architecture.

Jillian Resurreccion, a 24-year-old architect, finds the building of San Miguel Corporation in Pasig City, a creation of Bobby Mañosa, as a reflection of Filipino culture, with the Banaue rice terraces as the inspiration behind the prominent Filipino architect’s work.

Many other architects, some less recognized, have masterpieces all over Manila that are not widely appreciated as architectural treasures; examples include Juan Arellano’s Manila General Post Office at Plaza Lawton and the old Legislative Building, to name but two.

The lack of understanding of our architectural history, Mata believes, leads to "a question of identity."

"A lot of people say that we don’t have Philippine architecture, that we only copy it; but they forget that historically, it happens to other countries. You go through a process. You adapt, you reject but if we do not understand the background, we will not understand it ourselves," says Mata.

This is where UPCA’s teaching methodology and its studio-laboratory come in.

Human and physical resources are UPCA’s greatest assets. UP requires faculty members to have finished at least a master’s degree. UPCA, which the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) identified as a center of excellence in 1999, adopts a methodology that integrates teaching, research and extension.

A center of excellence is a higher education unit with a strong undergraduate program, research and extension capability and a good graduate program. UPCA assessed and improved its undergraduate curricula in 2002 based on guiding principles that would make studies relevant to the times. For one, the history, theory and criticism series merge history and theory based on the belief that the discussion of the evolution of architectural theories cannot be detached from the events in history which provide the backdrop against which thoughts, values and principles develop.

"Our lab is a history, theory and criticism laboratory where we try to combine the study of architectural history, theory and criticism. In so doing we question and challenge the existing norms and try to move ahead," Mata explains. "So we’re trying to get to the cutting-edge zone here–architecture as projected to what’s happening now. The good and the bad. Together with that, of course, is the study of the history of architecture–and related to that is the study of Philippine architecture, and corollary to that is conservation."

Another critical facet of UPCA studies is the conservation and restoration of historical heritage structures in the Philippines.

"In doing so, we study the technology of our heritage," notes Mata, who took up historical restoration studies in Spain and spent 13 years with the Intramuros Administration. Mata expresses disappointment at how the government has "neglected conservation in favor of tourism."

For Dean Manahan, the problem is the marketing factor. He laments that clients don’t recognize the value of Filipino architects. "They make use of architects as a commodity for marketing which should not be the case. That is the dilemma of the profession today."

Thus, Manahan stresses the importance of the government updating its regulations especially for the recognition of professional architects which, he notes, is being done by UPCA’s alumni association.

While UPCA cooperates to give assistance to other schools in terms of faculty and curricular development, Deans Manahan and Luis hope there will be more centers of excellence in the country so that many other Filipino students may enjoy comprehensiveness in their studies as well as experience and gain insights into reality outside the school walls.

"When research is integrated, the curiosity of students is heightened to look for answers. We offer students actual projects, like they work with the NGOs of Sariaya in preservation and conservation of structures there. They work with actual clients so it’s not only hypothetical," explains Luis.

UPCA counts among its roster of alumni some of the most distinguished names in Philippine architecture. many head prominent firms, and–perhaps more importantly–many are involved in efforts to articulate and define Philippine architecture and to preserve, conserve and highlight traditional Philippine structures.

Just like buildings that prove their worth through time, the UPCA will likewise adapt itself to the changing demands and continue to build not just structures, but the nation as well.

[ishtefh_03]

Originally Posted by overtureph

Space, for instance, is a distinct feature of Philippine architecture.

"Look at the kitchen in Filipino homes," points out Manahan. "It is in our culture to have two kitchens–the dirty kitchen and the one inside which sometimes is also a dining area." Or the living room where Filipinos receive guests and "at the same time we dine there", he adds.

when it comes to space, filipinos are not into open spaces as much as possible lahat ng area nilalagyan ng kung ano ano...

and true that it is in our culture two have two kitchens, philippines lng ang my dirty kitchen...

[ishtefh_03]

Originally Posted by overtureph

Space, for instance, is a distinct feature of Philippine architecture.

"Look at the kitchen in Filipino homes," points out Manahan. "It is in our culture to have two kitchens–the dirty kitchen and the one inside which sometimes is also a dining area." Or the living room where Filipinos receive guests and "at the same time we dine there", he adds.

when it comes to space, filipinos are not into open spaces as much as possible lahat ng area nilalagyan ng kung ano ano...

and true that it is in our culture two have two kitchens, philippines lng ang my dirty kitchen...

[Alitaptap]

Foundation seeks to preserve Philippines' colonial lighthouses
By Channel NewsAsia's Philippines Bureau Chief Twink Macaraig

MANILA : Twenty-four colonial lighthouses in the Philippines - each built more than 100 years ago - are in danger of destruction. This is because the Philippine Coast Guard, which looks after these historical naval sites, simply cannot afford to maintain them.

Mr Nanding de Mesa has been lighthouse keeper for the Faro de Punta Malabrigo in Batangas, some 125 kilometres south of Manila, for over 30 years. It was a job his father and his grandfather also held, since it was built 114 years ago. Nanding remembers that he used to churn the diesel engines everyday to power up the lighthouse, as soon as darkness hit.

But for a decade now, solar energy has taken care of that chore, and lights go on automatically at 6pm. For the last three years though, the main lights have been on the blink and a small back-up works in its place.

Mr Fernando de Mesa, Lighthouse keeper, says: "I just keep making requests but the replacement never comes. I understand that part is expensive and needs to be ordered from Japan."

The situation reflects the dismal state of Philippine lighthouses. The Philippine Coast Guard, which supports their operations, barely has the budget to keep the lights going, let alone carry out the needed maintenance work on these historical structures.

There are more than 20 other lighthouses from the Spanish colonial period still standing in the Philippines. They still perform their vital functions but nowhere near the limits of their usefulness.

This is where the Adopt-A-Lighthouse Foundation comes in. The group is dedicated to raising the needed funds to preserve these monuments to the country's grand maritime past.

Ms Ross Harper, Founder of Adopt-A-Lighthouse Foundation, says: "They have deteriorated through the years. Aside from that, vandals have come and carted away antique doors and planters. We just thought it was a waste to have all these historical buildings lost forever."

The Foundation wants to capitalise on the lighthouses' architecture and locale. It is working out guidelines, along with the Coast Guard and the National Historical Institute, that will allow private investors to turn the lighthouses into commercial enterprises, provided that proper restoration principles are followed.

Ms Harper says: "There are parameters. So we have to make sure that everybody is conscious and responsible." She recognises that it requires commitment to invest in crumbling old buildings in remote locations. But she is confident that enough businessmen will be taken by the romance that adopting a lighthouse represents, as well as the chance to take part in navigating the course of the country's history. - CNA/de

[Alitaptap]

Foundation seeks to preserve Philippines' colonial lighthouses
By Channel NewsAsia's Philippines Bureau Chief Twink Macaraig

MANILA : Twenty-four colonial lighthouses in the Philippines - each built more than 100 years ago - are in danger of destruction. This is because the Philippine Coast Guard, which looks after these historical naval sites, simply cannot afford to maintain them.

Mr Nanding de Mesa has been lighthouse keeper for the Faro de Punta Malabrigo in Batangas, some 125 kilometres south of Manila, for over 30 years. It was a job his father and his grandfather also held, since it was built 114 years ago. Nanding remembers that he used to churn the diesel engines everyday to power up the lighthouse, as soon as darkness hit.

But for a decade now, solar energy has taken care of that chore, and lights go on automatically at 6pm. For the last three years though, the main lights have been on the blink and a small back-up works in its place.

Mr Fernando de Mesa, Lighthouse keeper, says: "I just keep making requests but the replacement never comes. I understand that part is expensive and needs to be ordered from Japan."

The situation reflects the dismal state of Philippine lighthouses. The Philippine Coast Guard, which supports their operations, barely has the budget to keep the lights going, let alone carry out the needed maintenance work on these historical structures.

There are more than 20 other lighthouses from the Spanish colonial period still standing in the Philippines. They still perform their vital functions but nowhere near the limits of their usefulness.

This is where the Adopt-A-Lighthouse Foundation comes in. The group is dedicated to raising the needed funds to preserve these monuments to the country's grand maritime past.

Ms Ross Harper, Founder of Adopt-A-Lighthouse Foundation, says: "They have deteriorated through the years. Aside from that, vandals have come and carted away antique doors and planters. We just thought it was a waste to have all these historical buildings lost forever."

The Foundation wants to capitalise on the lighthouses' architecture and locale. It is working out guidelines, along with the Coast Guard and the National Historical Institute, that will allow private investors to turn the lighthouses into commercial enterprises, provided that proper restoration principles are followed.

Ms Harper says: "There are parameters. So we have to make sure that everybody is conscious and responsible." She recognises that it requires commitment to invest in crumbling old buildings in remote locations. But she is confident that enough businessmen will be taken by the romance that adopting a lighthouse represents, as well as the chance to take part in navigating the course of the country's history. - CNA/de

[Alitaptap]

Some old Philippine lighthouses from the web.

Patar Lighthouse - ? Bolinao,Pangasinan


Corregidor Lighthouse


Ilocos Norte Lighthouse


From the MotorcyclePhilippines website - somewhere in luzon

[Alitaptap]

Some old Philippine lighthouses from the web.

Patar Lighthouse - ? Bolinao,Pangasinan


Corregidor Lighthouse


Ilocos Norte Lighthouse


From the MotorcyclePhilippines website - somewhere in luzon

[Animo]

When the U.S. captured the Philippines from Spain in 1898, the Americans inherited close to 60 lighthouses and minor lights built by the Spanish colonial authorities. Many of the major Spanish lighthouses survive; in fact, many of them are still in service. Others have gone to ruin in the tropical climate of the islands.

This report is based on several sources, including:

Faros Españoles de Ultramar. This is the table of contents of a book published in Spain, listing lighthouses built in the Spanish colonies of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. For the Philippines it listed 27 major light stations, 17 luces locales (local lights), and 14 additional lighthouses built on the more remote islets of the archipleago, a total of 58.

The 27 Major Lighthouses (in the order listed by Faros Españoles de Ultramar)

The Philippines Lighthouses. This is a web site posted by Edmund Tan So, who is trying to launch a lighthouse preservation society in teh Philippines. The site includes technical descriptions of many of the major Spanish lighthouses contributed by Manuel L. Noche, who also visited the sites to assess their current condition.
Light Lists listing Philippine lights in 1865, 1879, 1895, 1904, and 1920. I am much indebted to Michel Forand for providing this data.

[Animo]

When the U.S. captured the Philippines from Spain in 1898, the Americans inherited close to 60 lighthouses and minor lights built by the Spanish colonial authorities. Many of the major Spanish lighthouses survive; in fact, many of them are still in service. Others have gone to ruin in the tropical climate of the islands.

This report is based on several sources, including:

Faros Españoles de Ultramar. This is the table of contents of a book published in Spain, listing lighthouses built in the Spanish colonies of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. For the Philippines it listed 27 major light stations, 17 luces locales (local lights), and 14 additional lighthouses built on the more remote islets of the archipleago, a total of 58.

The 27 Major Lighthouses (in the order listed by Faros Españoles de Ultramar)

The Philippines Lighthouses. This is a web site posted by Edmund Tan So, who is trying to launch a lighthouse preservation society in teh Philippines. The site includes technical descriptions of many of the major Spanish lighthouses contributed by Manuel L. Noche, who also visited the sites to assess their current condition.
Light Lists listing Philippine lights in 1865, 1879, 1895, 1904, and 1920. I am much indebted to Michel Forand for providing this data.