Dude I don't know why your pride is hurting, whether you like it or not $60 million is a lot of money for a poor country like Pakistan, and especially considering our deficit right now it's a big help.
Beggars can't be choosers, ok?
Economies of scale, efficiency key to boosting exports
Thursday, May 01, 2008
LAHORE: Government policy-makers are struggling to bring about a change in the exporters’ mindset, who demand concessions instead of favourable policies to compete in the international market and put the country on a sustainable growth path.
Commerce Minister Shahid Khaqan Abbasi is in constant touch with all export and trade associations of the country. Last week, he spent five hours in a meeting with all major exporters in Islamabad, but the input he got was disappointing which gave an impression that the cost of doing business in Pakistan had gone quite high and exports without government subsidies would not be possible.
Surprisingly, they claim the factors that have added to their cost include increase in petroleum prices, hike in gas and electricity rates, high interest rates and rise in wages. But economic experts say except for one or two factors all others are a global phenomenon which has impacted the cost of doing business in all countries that compete with Pakistan’s exports. In fact, the energy rates in Pakistan are lower than many of its competitors.
They say the negative factors affecting exports have been offset by some positive areas where Pakistan has an advantage. Minimum wages in Pakistan are still lower than those in Indian and Chinese textile industries. Petrol and electricity rates in these countries are higher or the same as in Pakistan. Gas tariff in Pakistan is lower than these two countries. However, interest rates are somewhat lower in India and China because their inflation is 3 to 4 per cent less than Pakistan.
Local export industries, particularly textile exporters, have over the years lost markets not only to India and China but to newcomers like Bangladesh and Vietnam. What contributed to the decline in textile exports, the experts say, were lack of innovation, inability to improve skills, poor marketing and non-professional management. Had the depression in exports been due to government policies, they point out, it would have been reflected in the performance of all companies in that particular sector.
However, in the textile sector there are some high-performing exporters operating in the yarn, fabric and clothing sub-sectors. It seems, they say, planners and entrepreneurs tend to ignore the fact that they are operating in a liberalised global market and economies of scale and efficiency are essential to compete in these conditions. Time is now ripe for mergers and acquisitions in all industrial sectors of the country to stay competitive both in export and domestic markets.
Even minnows like Bangladesh and Vietnam are edging out Pakistani exporters because they have much larger textile manufacturing companies than Pakistan.
The experts say the new trade policy should be framed in a manner that rewards efficient industries and those that pool their individual small resources together to form a larger concern. Otherwise, they warn that exports would continue to suffer and imports would grow even faster if the economies of scale and efficiency are not achieved by the local industry.
Export industries provide bulk of the industrial employment in the country and any pressure on exports has an adverse impact on employment. Sustainable export growth is only possible through mergers and acquisition of small and fragmented manufacturing concerns of the country.
‘Pakistanis full of hope but groaning under economic challenges’
* Experts say post-election change provides opportunity to redress country’s institutional weaknesses
* Another military intervention likely if civilian govt fails to deliver
By Khalid Hasan
WASHINGTON: Speakers at a discussion on post-election Pakistan were one in stating that while the popular mood in Pakistan was one of optimism, sharply rising prices of essential commodities of daily use had left the new government facing its biggest challenge.
They also agreed that the performance in office of elected politicians will be judged and scrutinised by those who sent them there and disillusionment would be swift if they failed to deliver what was expected of them, namely good government, security, good law and order and basic necessities that could not be done without. If the civilian government let the people down, Pakistan could slide back into the old “musical chairs routine” of civilian/military rule.
The discussion, moderated by Teresita Schaffer at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) featured Rick Barton and Karin von Hippel of the CSIS, Glenn Cowan of Democracy International and Brian Katulis of the Centre for American Progress. All speakers had had the opportunity to pay several visits to Pakistan to study the situation.
Change: In her introductory remarks, Schaffer, who heads the South Asia programme at the CSIS, said the change in Pakistan provides an opportunity to redress institutional weaknesses and effectively deal with both internal and external insurgencies that threaten the life of the nation. She said those elected wished to distance themselves from the United States because they saw the war on terrorism as not their but America’s war. Pakistan’s problems had been made worse by US policy assumptions. She hoped that these challenges would be addressed by both sides successfully.
Cowan said he had found no political will in Pakistan on the part of those in charge to undertake reform. Everything, it was being assumed, was fine till the next elections, when it was not so. He called the Pakistani political parties undemocratic and operating under a system that was feudal. Only candidates who could pay their way were awarded party tickets to run for public office. Campaign spending was uncontrolled and went unreported. The parties could not thus be said to represent the will of the people. He said that only the Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) practised internal party democracy. He was of the view that Pakistan would remain in turmoil unless these shortcomings were addressed.
Katulis, who made three trips to Pakistan in five months, said what Pakistan had today was a “historic window of opportunity”. While there had been irregularities during the February elections, the people wanted to move beyond them. President Pervez Musharraf’s continued presence posed a problem. He felt that what Pakistan has today is a fractured National Assembly and a hung parliament. The national landscape itself is fractured. The politicians appear to have no appetite for electoral reform. The constitutional deviations and imbalances Pakistan has suffered also need to be corrected. President Musharraf’s future poses a major question. There is no accord on the judges’ issue. People feel that Pakistan has been made to pay the price for America’s “so-called war on terror”. The economic difficulties facing the people are huge. Then there is the challenge of dealing with terrorism and extremism. Pakistan also needs to deal with the question of balance of power between the president and the prime minister.
The international community is also expected by the Pakistani people to come to their aid. In short, he concluded, it is a “complicated landscape.”
Intervention: Hyman said there is a feeling of hope in Pakistan today and a sense of optimism. Support for democracy is to be found from one end of the country to another. The question is: Can the government perform and deliver? If the civilians are unable to do so, chances of another military intervention will remain high. The army, he added, is “licking its wounds” and had returned to the barracks. It is now or the politicians, who in the past have “played footsie” with the army to prove their mettle. He said there is support for the chief justice because he stood up for the rule of law.
People also want a system of checks and balances so that the government in power can be held to account. There are serious structural problems, coupled with economic difficulties. On the face of it, there is no obvious set of politicians that shows the ability to take charge and deal with these issues so that the people’s expectations do not go unfulfilled. If the situation remains un-redressed, then it will be back to military rule in three to four years.
Von Happel, who studied the situation in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) during her visits to Pakistan, told the meeting that violence in Pakistan was no longer confined to Waziristan. She said there was popular support for negotiating with the Pakistani component of the militants while isolating the “foreigners”, reportedly made up of Arabs and Central Asians. Some issues, such as the establishment of Khilafat, were not negotiable, as far as the Taliban were concerned. The present ceasefire had enabled the FATA militants to slip into Afghanistan.
The Awami National Party was confident that it could deal with the militants, its policy being to come to terms with the locals and flush out the foreigners, something the US was not willing to endorse, but it had taken a “back seat” for the present. She pointed out that no one was actually able to go into Waziristan and other conflict-prone areas, including, the NWFP police chief. There was a good deal of confusion as to the agenda of the militants. It was also known that some of those operating in those areas were criminals. The effort currently was to drive a wedge between different groups.
Pharmaceutical export registers 30% growth
KARACHI: Pakistan’s pharmaceutical products exports has registered more than 30 percent surge during previous year mainly due to aggressive marketing by the pharmaceutical companies and improving quality of their produced material in line with the international standard.
The export of medicines to some 52 countries across the globe stands at $125 million compared to $90 million to $95 million during corresponding period of the previous year.
However, compared to other countries, Pakistan is lagging far behind in volumes of the exported medicines owing to number of impediments hampering fast track progress of the pharmaceutical industry during several decades.
Former chairman, Pakistan Pharmaceutical Manufacturer Association (PPMA), Dr Qaiser Waheed, claimed that it was only during the last few years that local pharmaceutical industry has been able to display its true potential and “made its presence felt in the international markets.”
Earlier, export of the pharmaceutical products was disorganised , consequently country’s export volume remained stagnant.
Currently, bulk of medicines is exported to African countries, Central Asian States, Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar and Sri Lanka.
Citing major problems faced by the pharma industry Waheed said, “ironically the
potential of this sector was never recognised by the officials in Federal Health Ministry due to their lack of knowledge about the needs of this enormous field, which can fetch annually several millions of dollars for the national exchequer.”
Unlike all other industries in the country, which fall under the administrative control of the Ministry of Industries, the pharma industry is managed by Federal Health Ministry, which has squarely failed to promote growth and interest of this sector.
In response to another question, he claimed that an overwhelming majority of the officials at health ministry have pharmacy degrees due to which their mindset is limited only to oversee and regulate quantity of locally produced medicines, while they are incapable promoting export.
Suggesting measures for progress of pharma sector on sound footing, he said the government in consultation with the stakeholders should evolve a comprehensive policy for promotion of the sector for at least five years period.
The newly evolved policy after securing the legal cover would remain unaffected even with the change of the government in centre or provinces, which would spell salutary impact for the industry.
Qaiser urged the new government to remove all taxes on packaging material and raw materials needed for manufacturing of medicines as currently, heavy taxation is adding to the manufacturing cost of medicines and its packing process.
brecorder.comInflation rises to 23.93 percent
ZAHEER ABBASI
ISLAMABAD (May 03 2008): The inflation, measured through SPI, surged to all time high of 23.93 percent in the week ending on April 30, 2008 over the same period of last year. The inflationary spiral, started in March with first increase in oil prices, seemed difficult to be tamed as the SPI data, released by the Federal Bureau of Statistic on Friday, showed it going up from 12.16 percent on February 28 to 23.93 percent in April 30.
Further analysis of the data showed relentless increase in the prices of 23 essential commodities, leaving no space for the poor, and making their life harder. Inflation is one of the major and immediate challenges being faced by the new government which, the Finance Ministry said, it wants to address by bringing down the money growth from the current 19 percent.
Even the State Bank of Pakistan's (SBP) tight monitory policy failed to bring the inflation down to a desirable level, and it is being feared that CPI inflation would go further up in double digits by close of the year. Weekly data showed that dearness was 27.06 percent for families of Rs 3000 monthly income, 26.51 percent for Rs 3001 to Rs 5000 income, 24.56 percent for Rs 5001 to Rs 12000 and 21.16 percent for families with income of Rs 12000.
The SPI bulletin, based on data of 53 items collected from 17 urban centres, showed no let-up for the poor from price hike, who have to spend more money to buy the same goods every week. It showed that prices of 23 essential commodities increased during the week while 6 declined from the list of 53 essential commodities used to measure weekly inflation.
According to FBS, during the week under review, the per kilogram price of gram pulse washed increased from Rs 50.54 to Rs 57.37, masoor pulse washed from Rs 84.16 to Rs 93.78, rice Irri from Rs 37.61 to Rs 40.66, rice basmati broken Rs 45.30 Rs 47.16, potatoes from Rs 13.17 to Rs 13.66, moong pulse washed Rs 53.16 to Rs 54.78, bananas from Rs 37.40 per dozen to Rs 38.44, and milk fresh from Rs 31.97 to Rs 32.15 per litre, besides surge in many other commodities such as gur, tomatoes, onion, red chillies, curd, firewood, washing soap nylon, tea, mutton, bath soap lifebuoy, beef, voil printed, vegetable ghee and mash pulse washed.
Inflation rises to 23.93 percent
ZAHEER ABBASI
ISLAMABAD (May 03 2008): The inflation, measured through SPI, surged to all time high of 23.93 percent in the week ending on April 30, 2008 over the same period of last year.
Even the State Bank of Pakistan's (SBP) tight monitory policy failed to bring the inflation down to a desirable level, and it is being feared that CPI inflation would go further up in double digits by close of the year.
No. I don't think so. Some years ago I came across the year on year data for Inflation in Pakistan since 1947 and inflation has crossed the 20% mark 3/4 times in Pakistan.Is that like a record or something???!