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Discussion starter · #261 ·
Limitless energy quest: Follow the sun
By ZHU LIXIN | CHINA DAILY | Updated: 2021-06-07 06:56
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File photo taken on Sept 28, 2019 shows staff members of China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) Southwestern Institute of Physics working at the installation site of the HL-2M Tokamak, China's new-generation "artificial sun," in Chengdu, Southwest China's Sichuan province. [CNNC Southwestern Institute of Physics/Handout via Xinhua]
After thousands of nuclear fusion experiments, Chinese scientists made a big breakthrough on May 28 in their quest to create an artificial sun that could help solve the world's energy problems.
They set a record for sustained heat in nuclear plasma－a temperature of 120 million C for 101 seconds－said Gong Xianzu, a physicist in charge of the experiment in Hefei, Anhui province.
Gong, a leading researcher at the Institute of Plasma Physics in Hefei, said on Tuesday that the result at the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, or EAST－nicknamed the "Chinese artificial sun"－also reached a temperature of 160 million C for 20 seconds.
A tokamak is a device that uses a powerful magnetic field to confine a nuclear reaction. It is one of several types of magnetic confinement devices being developed to produce controlled thermonuclear fusion power. The technology is said to be the leading candidate for a practical fusion reactor.
"The experiments try to simulate the nuclear fusion reaction that happens in the sun," said Gong, who joined the research 30 years ago.
Although the temperature at the core of the sun is relatively cool－about 15 million C－the density of plasma, which consists of ions and free electrons, is high enough to generate a sustained reaction.
In a fusion reaction, two or more atomic nuclei are combined to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles. Theoretically, the process can produce massive amounts of clean, safe energy that could be manipulated in a nuclear reactor.
On Tuesday, scientists and engineers were continuing the experiment for the 99,145th time using the doughnut-shaped tokamak－which has a vacuum system, radio frequency wave system, laser scattering system and microwave system－a technical introduction that was explained, after they made the breakthrough at their 98,958th attempt on Friday.
Gong said the ultimate goal of the team's research is to create the necessary conditions for a fusion reactor.
"If we compare the tokamak facility to the engine of a car, then the reactor is akin to the vehicle as a whole," he said, adding that a vehicle is normally built for road tests before finally finding commercial use.
Ground was broken at the end of 2018 for construction of a fusion reactor－known as the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology－in the outskirts of Hefei's Luyang district. The infrastructure is nearly complete, according to recent media reports.
The CRAFT website says construction will take five years and eight months.
"Challenges in the ongoing research come from two areas," Gong said. "We need to create the necessary conditions in which a fusion reaction can occur and meanwhile overcome a lot of engineering difficulties to make the reaction absolutely controllable."
He said the test reactor, which is still in the initial design phase, will use deuterium, a hydrogen isotope－a varied form of hydrogen with twice its atomic mass－that is abundant in the sea, to provide a steady stream of clean energy.
"We estimate that the deuterium in 1 liter of seawater can pro-duce through a fusion reaction the amount of energy produced by 300 liters of gasoline," he said.
Gong expressed hope that the reactor would be ready in the near future so he can personally witness it playing a major role in fulfilling China's commitment to achieving carbon neutrality before 2060. He said that in 2006 he witnessed the launch of the tokamak facility in Hefei, which was the first of its kind.
The fusion reactor will be an internationally open platform for scientists from around the world, according to the CRAFT website.
Randy Wright contributed to this story.
www.chinadaily.com.cn

Limitless energy quest: Follow the sun

After thousands of nuclear fusion experiments, Chinese scientists made a big breakthrough on May 28 in their quest to create an artificial sun that could help solve the world's energy problems.
www.chinadaily.com.cn www.chinadaily.com.cn
 
Discussion starter · #262 ·
Taishan nuclear plant operating safely, with no leak
By LI HONGYANG | China Daily | Updated: 2021-06-17 09:11
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A bird's-eye view of the nuclear power plant in Taishan, Guangdong province. [Photo/VCG]
The Taishan Nuclear Power Plant in Taishan, Guangdong province, is operating safely and within standards and no abnormalities have been found in the surrounding environment, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment said on Wednesday.
Some premises in an earlier Cable News Network report about the plant's operation were wrong, the ministry said in a statement.
Although the amount of radioactivity per unit volume or weight of coolant in the plant's No 1 reactor's primary circuit rose, it still met technical standards as it was within the range required by operating technical specifications that allows the plant to operate stably, it said.
"The operational safety of the nuclear power plant is guaranteed," the ministry said.
The increase of radioactivity in the reactor's primary circuit was totally different from an accidental radioactive leak, and monitoring of the environment around the plant showed that the radiation level was normal and no leak had happened, it said.
The containment vessel and the pressure boundary of the coolant system-two protective screens that guard against leaks-are safe and no accident is about to happen despite the increase, the ministry said.
Damaged fuel rods caused the increased level of radioactivity inside the primary circuit. However, a small amount of fuel rod damage during operation is inevitable and a common phenomenon due to uncontrollable factors during fuel manufacturing, transportation and loading, it said.
"Many nuclear power plants around the world have experienced fuel rod damage but continued operation," the ministry said.
The housings of about five of the more than 60,000 fuel rods in the No 1 reactor are estimated to have been damaged, accounting for less than 0.01 percent of the total number, far lower than the assumed maximum damage proportion of 0.25 percent in the design for the reactor, it said.
The CNN report was not correct when it said that the National Nuclear Safety Administration had approved raising the limit on the acceptable amount of radiation detected outside the plant to avoid its shutdown.
"The administration has never approved that, instead, it reviewed and approved adjustment of limits on the amount of radioactivity per unit volume or weight of noble gases in the reactor's primary circuit," the ministry said.
"This limit is used for operation management and has nothing to do with radiation detection outside the nuclear power plant.
"The premise in the CNN report is wrong."
The ministry added it will closely monitor the radiation level of the No 1 reactor and strengthen on-site supervision and environmental monitoring.
It will guide and supervise the operating companies to follow the operating technical specifications and strictly control the reactor's radiation level to ensure its safety.
It will also keep communicating with the International Atomic Energy Agency and the French nuclear safety regulatory authorities.
The Taishan Nuclear Power Plant, a Sino-French joint venture, has two nuclear power reactors, designed by Framatome, a French company. They were put into commercial operation in 2018 and 2019.
They have since been running safely and stably, with nothing abnormal detected in the surrounding environment, the ministry said.
In a news release on Monday, Framatome said that according to available data, the plant is operating within safety parameters.



Taishan nuclear plant operating safely, with no leak
 
#263 ·
China approves construction of demonstration SMR
The construction of a demonstration ACP100 small modular reactor (SMR) at Changjiang in Hainan province has been approved by China's National Development and Reform Commission. The multi-purpose 125 MWe pressurised water reactor (PWR) - also referred to as the Linglong One - is designed for electricity production, heating, steam production or seawater desalination.
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A cutaway of a plant featuring two ACP100 reactors (Image: CNNC)
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China approves construction of demonstration SMR : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News
 
#264 ·
Hongyanhe 5 achieves first criticality
Unit 5 of the Hongyanhe nuclear power plant in China's Liaoning province has attained a sustained chain reaction for the first time. The 1080 MWe domestically-designed ACPR1000 pressurised water reactor is expected to be connected to the grid later this year, after which it will enter commercial operation.
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The Hongyanhe nuclear power plant in Liaoning province (Image: Dalian)
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Hongyanhe 5 achieves first criticality : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News
 
Discussion starter · #265 ·
Hongyanhe nuclear power plant marks new milestone
By Zheng Xin | chinadaily.com.cn | Updated: 2021-06-25 16:25
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A poster of the Hongyanhe nuclear power plant is seen in Wafangdian, Liaoning province, on Aug 30, 2013. [Photo/IC]
The Hongyanhe nuclear power plant connected Unit 5 to the grid in China's Liaoning province on Friday, coming one step closer to entering commercial operation, China General Nuclear Power Group, its operator, said on Friday.
It is the first nuclear power plant as well as the biggest energy investment in the northeastern parts of China, said CGN.
Construction of Phase I (units 1-4) of the Hongyanhe plant, comprising four CPR-1000 pressurized water reactors, began in August 2009.
Units 1 and 2 have been in commercial operation since June 2013 and May 2014, respectively, while unit 3 entered commercial operation in August 2015 and unit 4 in September 2016.
By the end of last year, the Hongyanhe nuclear power plant (unit 1-4) have produced clean energy power up to 157.2 billion kilowatt hours, equivalent of reduction of standard coal of 48.03 million tons, it said.
The Hongyanhe plant is owned and operated by Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Company, a joint venture between China General Nuclear and State Power Investment Corporation, each holding a 45 percent stake, with the Dalian Municipal Construction Investment Company holding the remaining 10 percent.





www.chinadaily.com.cn

Hongyanhe nuclear power plant marks new milestone

The Hongyanhe nuclear power plant connected Unit 5 to the grid in China's Liaoning province on Friday, coming one step closer to entering commercial operation, China General Nuclear Power Group, its operator, said on Friday.
www.chinadaily.com.cn www.chinadaily.com.cn
 
Discussion starter · #266 ·
R&D of nuclear reactor signifies big milestone
By ZHONG NAN | China Daily | Updated: 2020-10-09 09:54
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The booth of State Power Investment Corp at an industry expo in Beijing. [Photo by Da Wei/For China Daily]
Third-generation nuclear reactor technology has broken foreign monopolies in many fields and will enable China to own independent intellectual property rights and harness export potential, said senior executives of State Power Investment Corp.
Their comments came after ****, one of China's three nuclear power developers and operators, announced the completion of research and development of the country's third-generation nuclear reactor project called CAP1400, or Guo He One, early last week.
The CAP1400 R&D is the latest achievement in China's nuclear power technology development and industrial innovation.
Based on the third-generation nuclear technology of AP1000, imported in 2007, the CAP1400 has made great technological innovations over 12 years of hard work by more than 26,000 Chinese technology engineers from 477 Chinese companies with various specializations, said Zheng Mingguang, chief designer of the CAP1400 nuclear reactors.
In addition to technologies, equipment is critical to the sustainable growth of nuclear projects, he said.
About 90 percent of the CAP1400's equipment is domestically made. All its key parts and materials, like the reactor coolant pumps, squib valves, steam generators, reactor pressure vessel internals, control rod drive mechanisms, large forgings and nuclear-grade welding material, are all domestically designed and manufactured, he said.
In comparison with the second-generation version, the new reactor, with a design life of 60 years, extends the non-manual intervention time from 30 minutes to 72 hours, and dramatically improves safety performance against natural disasters like earthquakes and floods by 100 times, said Lu Hongzao, ****'s assistant president.
"The CAP1400 nuclear reactors will be powerful electricity suppliers," said Lu. "For instance, each reactor can provide 1.5 million kilowatt-hours of electricity to the grid. Therefore, it is able to provide nearly 13 billion kilowatt-hours on a yearly basis."
As this technology is competitive in the global market with a relatively high degree of safety and lower costs, **** is promoting the CAP1400 for exports. It is discussing potential partnerships with countries such as South Africa and Turkey, said Hao Hongsheng, general manager of the company's nuclear energy department.
He said because the construction cost for the reactors can be cut by 20 percent after achieving mass production, the group is optimistic about the long-term export potential of the CAP1400.
The annual generating capacity of a single CAP1400 unit can meet the electricity needs of over 22 million residents and reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide by more than 9 million metric tons a year, he said.
China had 13 nuclear power units under construction, with a total installed capacity of 13.87 million kW by the end of 2019, ranking first in the world.
It is estimated that by 2025, the country's installed nuclear power capacity in operation will reach 70 million kW, with 30 million kW already under construction, according to the Beijing-based China Nuclear Energy Association.
A number of nuclear power plants of **** are under construction or already in operation. Prominent among them are the Hongyanhe nuclear power plant in Northeast China's Liaoning province, and Haiyang and Rongcheng nuclear power plants in East China's Shandong province.
**** also has reserved several project sites in both inland and coastal areas of China.
It has built a presence in 41 countries and regions such as Japan, Australia, Malta, India, Turkey, South Africa, Pakistan and Brazil.
Its businesses cover power project investment, technical cooperation, and engineering, procurement and construction.
The Beijing-based State-owned enterprise has 115 mW of controllable overseas projects in operation and 10.05 gW under construction.
By expanding its energy markets at home and abroad, **** aims to become an international innovative and integrated energy group and modern SOE, which is driven by innovation of nuclear power and other advanced energy technologies.
Ma Yu, a senior researcher at the Beijing-based Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, said the focus of nuclear project construction across the globe is expected to shift from developed to developing countries, especially to many economies related to the Belt and Road Initiative.
Advanced nuclear projects are already under development in inland provinces. China's third-generation nuclear reactor technologies will strongly ensure the healthy growth and integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as well as the Hainan Free Trade Port in the future.





www.chinadaily.com.cn

R&D of nuclear reactor signifies big milestone

Third-generation nuclear reactor technology has broken foreign monopolies in many fields and will enable China to own independent intellectual property rights and harness export potential, said senior executives of State Power Investment Corp.
www.chinadaily.com.cn www.chinadaily.com.cn
 
Discussion starter · #269 ·
3rd-gen nuclear power unit starts in Liaoning as China accelerates carbon reduction
By Global TimesPublished: Jun 25, 2021 09:33 PM

Photo:CCTV

Photo:CCTV
With the successful connection to the grid, the No. 5 unit of the Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant started operating on Friday in Dalian, Northeast China's Liaoning Province, adding to China's third-generation nuclear power industry, which has been on a fast track to achieve a carbon emissions peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, analysts said.

"China is taking the global lead in the development of third-generation nuclear power while also continuously improving safety standards. The company leads other leading players such as the US and France in terms of independent technology and installed capacity," Han Xiaoping, chief analyst at energy industry website china5e.com, told the Global Times on Friday.

According to Han, the third-generation of nuclear power generator, which China is now building in large scale across the country, represents the world's most advanced standards in terms of safety and the future of the global power industry.

The technology is also generations ahead of the Fukushima nuclear power stations. With the nuclear power unit equipped with several major passive emergency cooling water source systems, the safety level has been further improved.

As the first nuclear power plant and the largest energy investment project in Northeast China, by the end of 2020, Hongyanhe Nuclear Power has accumulated 157.2 billion kWh of clean energy electricity, which is equivalent to a reduction of 48.03 million tons of standard coal consumption.

China's installed nuclear power capacity is 49.89 million kilowatts, up 2.4 percent, according to the National Bureau of Statistics in February.

"No other country in the world could rival China in terms of the cost of building plants and the sheer size of the market," Han said, adding that such edge has also helped China's homegrown Hualong One third-generation nuclear technology gain foothold overseas.

www.globaltimes.cn

3rd-gen nuclear power unit starts in Liaoning as China accelerates carbon reduction - Global Times

www.globaltimes.cn
 
#271 ·
China begins nuclear treatment for contaminated water
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The self-shielding electron beam medical wastewater treatment unit (Image: CGN)
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Electron beam technology is being used to treat medical wastewater in China for the first time. It is safer and cleaner than traditional methods as well as more effective at removing organic molecules such as viruses and antibiotics, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said.
"This is the first pilot-scale - 400 cubic metres per day - demonstration of electron beam technology for medical wastewater treatment," said Shijun He, a professor at the Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology at Tsinghua University. The organisation worked with experts from the China Atomic Energy Authority and China General Nuclear (CGN) to add the technology to the wastewater treatment system dealing with medical waste in Hubei province.

The technology accelerates electrons to interact with DNA and RNA molecules in the water to kill microorganisms and destroy viruses, including the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. It also breaks down antibiotics in the water, which is something traditional sterilisation methods cannot do.
Sterilisation requirements vary from hospital to hospital, but a common technique used is to add disinfectant chemicals like sodium hypochlorite, a hazardous chemical that requires careful handling and leaves unwanted chemical reagent residues, said Liu Zhenwei, director general of Xiyuan Hospital. The electron beam system avoids these secondary sources of hazard and pollution. It also operates at room temperature and avoids the energy consumption of steam and heat-based treatment options. The electron beam system is self-shielding, so introduces no new radiation hazard for workers.

The IAEA celebrated China's achievement in the context of research and technical cooperation it has supported since 2010, investigating how radiation techniques can reduce the amount of unwanted organic molecules in the world's water supplies. In 2012, through this technical cooperation project, Chinese scientists developed a programme to treat wastewater. By 2017, China's first electron beam facility was inaugurated to treat industrial wastewater and in 2020 the country opened the world's largest such facility, treating up to 30 million litres of water per day.
China begins nuclear treatment for contaminated water : Waste & Recycling - World Nuclear News
 
#272 ·
First concrete poured for Xudabao 3
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How units 3 and 4 of the Xudabao plant could appear once completed (Image: AtomStroyExport)
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Construction of unit 3 at the Xudabao nuclear power plant in China's Liaoning province officially got under way on 28 July with the pouring of first concrete for the reactor's nuclear island. The unit is one of four VVER-1200 reactors to be supplied by Russia to China under a 2018 agreement.

China National Nuclear Power (CNNP) - a subsidiary of China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) - announced the start of construction of Xudabao 3 in a 1 August statement to the Shanghai Stock Exchange. CNNP noted that following the pouring of first concrete for Xudabao 3, it now has 6 reactors under construction, with an installed capacity of 6.258 million kilowatts.

In June 2018, Russia and China signed four agreements, including for the construction of two VVER-1200 reactors as units 7 and 8 of the Tianwan plant in Jiangsu province. In addition, two further VVER-1200 units were to be constructed at the new Xudabao (also known as Xudapu) site in Huludao, Liaoning province.

Agreements signed in June 2019 included a general contract for the construction of Xudabao units 3 and 4, as well as a contract for the supply of nuclear fuel. Rosatom will design the nuclear island and supply key equipment, as well as provide field supervision, installation supervision, and commissioning services for the supplied equipment. Turbine generators and balance of plant will be supplied by China. The units are expected to be commissioned in 2027-2028.

In February this year, Russia's Atommash announced it had begun the manufacture of major components for Xudabao 3. The company will manufacture and deliver two VVER-1200 reactors, two sets of steam generators, the reactor cooling pumps, the main circulation piping and two pressurisers.

Work on Tianwan 7 and 8 and Xudabao 3 and 4 was launched on 19 May at a ceremony attended via video-link by Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin. The ceremony included the pouring of first concrete for Tianwan 7.

The CNY110 billion (USD17 billion) Xudabao project was originally expected to comprise six Chinese-designed CAP1000 reactors, with units 1 and 2 in the first phase. Site preparation began in November 2010. The National Development and Reform Commission gave its approval for the project in January 2011. China's National Nuclear Safety Administration announced its approval of the site selection for Xudabao units 1 and 2 in April 2014. However, construction of those units has yet to start. Construction of unit 4 is expected to begin next year.

The Xudabao plant is owned by Liaoning Nuclear Power Company Limited, a joint venture between CNNC (70%), Datang International Power Generation Company (20%) and State Development and Investment Corporation (10%).

First concrete poured for Xudabao 3 : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News
 
#273 ·
Turbine tests completed at China's HTR-PM
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The HTR-PM demonstration project at Shidaowan (Image: China Huaneng)
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Testing of the steam turbine using non-nuclear steam has been completed at the demonstration high-temperature gas-cooled reactor plant (HTR-PM) at Shidaowan, in China's Shandong province. The twin-unit HTR-PM is scheduled to start operations later this year.

Non-nuclear steam flushing is an important test for nuclear power projects to check the operating quality of steam turbine units and conventional island systems prior to start up. The test verifies the design, manufacturing and installation quality of the steam turbine set.
The steam turbine of the HTR-PM reached operational speed using non-nuclear steam at 8.30pm on 14 August, China Huaneng announced today. It said all parameters, such as power and temperature, attained good standards; the main protection parameters were normal; and the auxiliary engine system operated stably.
Pressurised water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plants usually use the nuclear island primary circuit main pumps to generate heat, and use the secondary side of the steam generator to generate saturated steam as a steam source for testing the steam turbines. However, due to its gas-cooling characteristics and the structure of the steam generator, the HTR-PM could not perform non-nuclear flushing in accordance with the usual PWR test method. Instead, a "superheater" was employed to generate the steam.
Construction of the demonstration HTR-PM plant - which features two small reactors that will drive a single 210 MWe turbine - began in December 2012. Helium gas will be used as the primary circuit coolant. China Huaneng is the lead organisation in the consortium to build the demonstration units (with a 47.5% stake), together with China National Nuclear Corporation subsidiary China Nuclear Engineering Corporation (CNEC) (32.5%) and Tsinghua University's Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology (20%), which is the research and development leader. Chinergy, a joint venture of Tsinghua and CNEC, is the main contractor for the nuclear island.
Cold functional tests - which aim to verify the reactor's primary loop system and equipment as well as the strength and tightness of its auxiliary pipelines under pressure higher than the design pressure - were completed at the HTR-PM's two reactors on 19 October and 3 November last year, respectively. Cold functional tests at other types of reactors use water, while those at the HTR-PM used compressed air and a small amount of helium as the test medium.
Tests that simulate the temperatures and pressures which the reactor systems will be subjected to during normal operation started in January. Hot functional tests involve increasing the temperature of the reactor coolant system and carrying out comprehensive tests to ensure that coolant circuits and safety systems are operating as they should. Carried out before the loading of nuclear fuel, such testing simulates the thermal working conditions of the power plant and verifies that nuclear island and conventional equipment and systems meet design requirements.
A further 18 such HTR-PM units are proposed for the Shidaowan site. Beyond HTR-PM, China proposes a scaled-up version called HTR-PM600, which sees one large turbine rated at 650 MWe driven by some six HTR-PM reactor units. Feasibility studies on HTR-PM600 deployment are under way for Sanmen, Zhejiang province; Ruijin, Jiangxi province; Xiapu and Wan'an, in Fujian province; and Bai'an, Guangdong province.
Turbine tests completed at China's HTR-PM : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News
 
#274 ·
Fuel loading under way at China's HTR-PM
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Workers load the first fuel elements into the HTR-PM (Image: China Huaneng)
Click to expand...
The loading of spherical fuel elements has begun at the demonstration high-temperature gas-cooled reactor plant (HTR-PM) at Shidaowan, in China's Shandong province. The milestone came one day after the issuance of an operating licence for the twin-unit plant, which is scheduled to start operations later this year.

China's nuclear regulator, the National Nuclear Safety Administration, issued an operating licence for the HTR-PM on 20 August, China Huaneng announced. The loading of the first spherical fuel elements into the first reactor started the following day.

The fully ceramic coated particle spherical fuel elements are 60 millimetres in diameter and each contain 7 grammes of uranium enriched to 8.5%. The core outlet temperature of the HTR-PM is 750ºC for the helium gas coolant, steam temperature is 566°C and core inlet temperature is 250°C. It has a thermal efficiency of 40%. The core height is 11 metres and a diameter of 3 metres. There are two independent reactivity control systems: the primary one consists of 24 control rods in the side graphite reflector, the secondary one of six channels for small absorber spheres falling by gravity, also in the side reflector. Fuel elements are released into the top of the core one by one with the reactor operating. Some graphite moderator pebbles the same size are included. They are correspondingly removed from the bottom, broken ones are separated, the burn-up is measured, and used fuel elements are screened out and transferred to storage. A 40-year operating lifetime is expected.

Fuel loading under way at China's HTR-PM : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News
 
#275 ·
New technique quickens Zhangzhou polar crane installation
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Installation of the bridge of the polar crane at Zhangzhou unit 1 (Image: CNNC)
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The bridge of the polar crane for unit 1 of the Zhangzhou nuclear power plant in China's Fujian province has been raised into position near the top of the Hualong One reactor building. For the first time in China, the components of the bridge were lifted as a whole rather than individually. Sitting on a circular rail, the crane can rotate 360 degrees and will be used to lift reactor components and main pump components.
The component - measuring 45.5 metres in length, 15.2 metres in width, 8.37 metres in height and weighing about 418 tonnes - was lifted into place on 24 August using a 3200-tonne crawler crane.

China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) noted this was the first time the bridge and its components were installed as a whole in China. Previously, the various components of polar cranes have been assembled on the ground for data measurements before being disassembled, lifted into place separately and then reassembled. In the case of the bridge for Zhangzhou 1, the electrical beams, non-electric beams, end beams, horizontal wheels, rotating mechanism and other components were assembled on the ground and then hoisted as a whole.

"The use of new installation technology simplifies the tedious disassembly and assembly process of segmented hoisting, which greatly improves the construction efficiency," CNNC said. It noted the new process reduced the time needed to install the polar crane by 15 days.

https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/New-technique-quickens-Zhangzhou-polar-crane-insta
 
#278 ·
Daya Bay experiment fully decommissioned
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Antineutrino detectors are submerged in water pools at the site of the Daya Bay Experiment in Guangdong province, China (Image: IHEP)
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An experiment using neutrinos from China's Daya Bay and Ling Ao nuclear power plants has now been fully dismantled, China's Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) has announced. It was successful in measuring the interactions between neutrinos more accurately than ever before.

Known as the Daya Bay Neutrino Experiment, the multinational collaboration led by China and the USA had seen neutrino detection equipment placed within the steep hills behind the Daya Bay and Ling Ao power plants, which are only about 1 kilometre apart.

Shielded from cosmic rays by solid rock, the highly sensitive detectors counted the quadrillion antineutrinos that flow from each of the six identical reactor cores every second. A detector set was located near each of the plants, and another was further away, deeper under the hill, all connected by tunnels.

Neutrinos and antineutrinos each come in three 'flavours', and by comparing the differences in results from the near and far detector sets, researchers were able to determine what proportion of neutrinos vanished due to little-understood interactions between them. In 2012, Yifang Wang of IHEP said, "Our precise measurement will ... pave the way for the future understanding of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe."

The facility was wound up in December 2020, and its full dismantling was announced on 1 September. IHEP said, "The Daya Bay Neutrino Experiment started in 2003. After four years of planning, four years of construction, and nine years of operation, it had achieved all scientific goals and had completed its scientific mission."

The experiment's complex and valuable equipment was carefully taken apart for re-use. IHEP said some will be incorporated into the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory and some will be donated to other experiments in China and elsewhere. Some will be put on display in the National Museum and for public education at Daya Bay and the Jiangmen experiment.

Daya Bay experiment fully decommissioned : Waste & Recycling - World Nuclear News
 
#279 ·
China's first radioactive waste glassification facility operational
CHENGDU -- China's first plant immobilizing radioactive waste in glass has been officially put into operation in the city of Guangyuan, Sichuan province, according to the China Atomic Energy Authority.

A test run started on Aug 27 and the first tank of solidified glass was produced from radioactive waste liquid. The project headquarters stated that the facilities of the plant have met relevant operating conditions and deemed it fit to start formal operation from Sept 11.

The plant can convert liquid nuclear waste with high-level radioactivity into a solid glass form suitable for long-term storage and disposal. China is one of the few countries globally to have mastered this technology.

The project was approved by the China Atomic Energy Authority in 2004. It was designed jointly by China and Germany.

China's first radioactive waste glassification facility operational
 
Discussion starter · #280 ·
Chinese-led team helps finish main engine installation of world’s largest fusion reactor ITER

By Global Times Published: Sep 17, 2021 03:48 PM


ITER Photo:VCG

ITER Photo:VCG

The last main magnetic component of the International Thermonuclear Fusion Experimental Reactor (ITER) Tokamak device, the poloidal field superconducting coil PF5, was successfully installed on Thursday, marking the completion of the final milestone of the first stage of the ITER project mainframe installation.

The milestone creates key conditions for the installation of the next stage of the vacuum chamber, while is also another piece of "hard bone" that the China-French consortium led by China National Nuclear Corporation gnawed at the ITER site in France, according to a report from Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China's Ministry of Science and Technology.

In southern France, 35 nations are collaborating to build the world's largest tokamak, also known as an "artificial sun," a magnetic fusion device that has been designed to prove the feasibility of fusion as a large-scale and carbon-free source of energy based on the same principle that powers the Sun and stars, according to the ITER organization.​
China, the European Union, the US, India, Japan, Russia, and South Korea, are now engaged in a 35-year project to build and operate the ITER experimental device and together bring fusion to the point where a demonstration reactor can be designed.

China is responsible for about 9 percent of the project's construction and operation, but has even gone further to help other members.
China, the European Union, the US, India, Japan, Russia, and South Korea, are now engaged in a 35-year project to build and operate the ITER experimental device and together bring fusion to the point where a demonstration reactor can be designed.

China is responsible for about 9 percent of the project's construction and operation, but has even gone further to help other members.
www.globaltimes.cn

Chinese-led team helps finish main engine installation of world’s largest fusion reactor ITER - Global Times

www.globaltimes.cn
 
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